مطالب

Tafsīr-e-Kashshāf is one of the most important interpretations that has been considered by most commentators of the Qur’an. From Zamakhsharī’s point of view, the science of semantics and expression is the most important and necessary knowledge for the interpretation of the Qur’an. In his view, not only with the help of this science, the rhetorical aspects of the Qur’an are known, but also the subtleties and beauties of the Qur’an are known only in the light of this knowledge. According to Zamakhsharī, the most delicate and precise topics of rhetorical sciences are the industry of Takhyīl (i.e. some kind of imagination), without which the interpretation and understanding of the verses of the Qur’an is not possible. The industry of Takhyīl is a kind of compound simile that is used to depict wonderful meanings and indescribable concepts that cannot be explained by a simple description. Zamakhsharī, while considering the verses of the Qur’an as miracles, eloquence and rhetoric, does not count all the verses as rhetoric on the same level. Zamakhsharī has tried to prove the legitimacy of his religion by interpreting the verses of the Qur’an. Zamakhsharī has opened a new horizon in the subject of Qur’anic rhetoric and has been able to introduce new points and materials on the topics that Abdul Qāhir Jurjānī (d. 471 AH) has invented about the rhetoric and meanings of the miracles of the Qur’an.  

stock market is considered as the most profitable and valuable areas of investment in any country. In this regard, high return depends on the correct choice of stock portfolio.That’s why today different methods of mathematical planning and decision-making have been proposed to solve such problems. Aiming to present a new method, the study designates 10 criteria for selecting the best stock portfolio options among the 21 most viewed options in the stock market. The method is a combination of fuzzy SAW and experimental design (2k factorial design). Analysis of variance results for the response variable is calculated . The value of R2 obtained from the response variable of 70% value, shows that this model has selected suitable options by removing ineffective criteria and analysing the results and discovering the relationships between criteria and ranking the criteria and presenting simpler solutions in addition to high accuracy. As a result, by considering and comparing the real values of the stock market in one-month and quarterly intervals, the model presents more capabilities for providing accurate ranking and higher portfolio returns than fuzzy TOPSIS in the capital and stock markets. The response surface method and the regression equation obtained in the proposed method are used to rank the options. In addition, Pareto method, which ranks the criteria based on the effectiveness of the criteria in the final result and regard to the surfaces of experiments and weights of capital market and stock market experts, is used for ranking the factors (criteria).