مطالب

Objective: Participating in sports has many benefits for children, but sometimes there are some problems that make a series of worries and stress in their parents. Therefore, the current research was carried out to identify factors reducing parents’ stress while their children participate in sports activities.Methods:  The present study is practical in terms of its purpose and was conducted qualitatively via using the descriptive phenomenological method. The participants in the research consisted of university faculty members in the psychology department, sports psychologists, sports instructors, and parents in 2023. The sampling method was purposeful, and the interviews continued in a semi-structured manner up to number 14.Results: Effective Factors in reducing parents' stress during their children's participation in sports activities include 6 main contents: motivational awareness; factors relating to parents, children themselves, instructors, and peer groups; and the structure of sports places and clubs, which form a total of 48 sub-contents.Conclusion: Some of the most important themes expressed in the current research include proper interaction between parents, children, and club coaches, no verbal or physical violence by instructors towards elementary-aged children, and favorable relationships between children and their friends in the club.

Critical thinking in students' education is associated with the analysis of received information. Students provide the basis for the development of critical thinking in their future careers by cultivating this skill. This study is conducted to predict the relationship between learning style and critical thinking skills with the mediating role of distance education technologies in students of Payam Noor University. This is an applied study in terms of objectives and also a descriptive-correlational one since it describes the existing situation. The statistical population includes 253 distance learning students of Payam Noor University in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, of which 153 were selected as samples using the Cochran formula and simple random sampling. The population was asked to answer the Kolb Learning Style Inventory (12 questions), the California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST) (24 questions), and the researcher-made distance education technology questionnaire (10 questions). Due to the standard questions of the questionnaires, it could be argued that they are highly valid. The reliability of the questionnaires was checked through Cronbach's alpha using SPSS software, and it was found that all three questionnaires were sufficiently reliable. The data were analyzed using SPSS, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses using LISREL software. The results showed that the development of critical thinking skills to select, analyze, and apply information to solve problems in everyday life should be the focus of education and training systems in this era rather than inventing and applying methods of memorizing and processing information in memory.

Management is an effective and goal-oriented process that guides an organization. This guidance involves five sequential functions: planning, organizing, leading, coordinating, and controlling and evaluating. The fundamental knowledge of management, or the management process, has been present even in ancient civilizations such as those of the Iranians, Egyptians, Sumerians, and others. In Islamic civilization, we have had grand and civilizational management systems. Today, the successful implementation of an HSE (Health, Safety, and Environment) management system depends on the participation of all employees. Given that job satisfaction can influence employee performance, this study aims to model the relationship between job satisfaction and the HSE performance of Pars Oil and Gas Company employees. The statistical population of this research consists of all employees of Pars Oil and Gas Company (N = 5300). Using Cochran's formula and simple random sampling, 360 employees were selected as the sample. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, and to ensure its validity, the opinions of several university faculty members were used. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was applied to confirm the reliability, yielding values of 0.79 for job satisfaction and 0.83 for HSE performance. The results indicate a positive and significant relationship between job satisfaction and HSE performance (P-value < 0.01). The regression results show that, in two steps, the indices of job natureand security and safety, which had the highest impact on HSE performance, were included in the analysis. In the first step, the job nature index explains 59% of thevariance in the response variable (HSE performance), and in the second step, with the inclusion of the security and safety index, this figure increases to 63%