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 The research on social networks and collaborative strategies has highlighted from the mid of 1980 which has contributed to the success and development of firms. The relationship and communication with trade partners in overseas help success of firms in entering to foreign markets and improve new partners and new markets abroad. Doing firm internationalization in foreign countries faces some barriers in external environment. These firms also face a lack of resources and capabilities and unprotected against environmental changes. Export managers through relational aspects of social network able to overcome the challenges and expand success in their internationalizing firms. The aims of this paper is to survey the correlation between internationalization orientation such as inward and outward internationalization and relational elements of social network such as trust, favor and friendship among Malaysian manufacturing firms exporting to the countries surrounding the Persian Gulf. The data was collected from 120 manufacturing firms in Malaysia by using a mail survey. The findings illustrate that two operations of internationalization means inward and outward internationalization orientation are positively and significantly correlated with all dimensions of relational elements means trust, favor and friendship. The results of this study can contribute to internationalizing firms and enhances relational marketing knowledge.        JEL Classification: F55, L10 

Cet article se penche sur l’analyse de la traduction de l’ Elāhi-nāme du poète mystique Attār Neys͂ābūri par Fuad Rouhani, sous le titre de: Le livre divin. Nous nous proposons de voir si cette traduction remplit son rôle de «vecteur culturel» et de point d’échange «entre l’autre-soi et le soi-soi», d’autant plus que le traducteur est un érudit littéraire iranien, qui traduit de sa propre langue vers une langue secondaire. Il s’agit également de voir le degré de succès dans la transposition du contenu didactique de l’ouvrage source. Cette traduction est étudiée dans une perspective bermanienne au regard de la traductologie moderne, secondée d’une analyse de la traduction au regard des procédés de la traduction technique - emprunt lexical, calque, traduction littérale, transposition, chassé-croisé, étoffement, modulation, équivalence et adaptation. La démarche du traducteur quant à la dimension poétique du texte est ensuite analysée.

 The oil price shocks are an important source that affect on TOT in both oil exporting and importing countries. Hence, this paper compares the effects of real oil price shock on TOT in both oil importing and exporting countries, using Panel Data technique and during 1980-2010. To the best of our knowledge, we applied the nonlinear approach in order to assess the asymmetric impact of the oil price shocks on TOT. The results show that the oil price shocks influenced the TOT in the oil exporting and importing countries, differently. So that, in oil exporting countries, positive (negative) oil price shocks have significantly positive (negative) effect on their TOT, while in oil importing countries, positive (negative) oil price shocks have significantly a negative (positive) effect on TOT. Furthermore, the findings reveal that in the oil exporting countries, the effect of negative oil price shocks on TOT is more than positive oil price shocks. While, in oil importing countries, it is converse.JEL Classification: E64, F41