درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES : The source of sovereignty and obedience is Allah, the Almighty. Any obedience to others but Allah is rejected and considered as oppression unless it be along with His sovereignty and through His permission, such as the Guardianship (wilayah) of prophets and Divine Authorities (wali). The question arises here that what are the reasons for the compulsion of obedience or forbidding opposition to the Prophets. METHOD AND FINDING : This paper, was conducted with the method of qualitative research and documentary review. Accordingly, the author has examined the most important proofs of the obligation to follow the commands and instructions of the prophets based on the Quranic sources of narration and the covenants. CONCLUSION : This study argues that its evidences are based on both Sharia (Divine Law) and intellect; because if everyone acts according to his own ideas, as wherever the words of the Prophets agreed with his carnal desires, he would act according to them and if the words of the Prophets were not in accordance with his intentions and desires, he would not pay attention to them and so oppose him, surely such a person is not a follower of the Law of Religious, even though he seems to be a believer. In fact, he is really a hypocrite or ignorant of the truth of religion, which in both cases lacks faith.

SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES : Due to the outbreak of a virus from the corona family called Covid-19, which has infected millions of people around the world, the subject of the possibility or impossibility of Government responsibility for infectious diseases is a global issue. It is the Government's duty to act in order to improve human life, and this is in accordance with its existential philosophy. This debate originates from the capabilities and powers that are monopolized by Government. It is believed that, by resorting to the authority and discretions of a conventional Government, it can prevent the spread of many infectious diseases to a large extent and in case of negligence in performing tasks, must be liable. This is the initial question: Why should the Government be liable for infectious disease which it had no role in creating it? METHOD AND FINDING : In this paper, by descriptive and analytical method and by collecting library resources, the continuity and relation between the responsibility of the Government and infectious diseases will be discussed. The Right to Life and the Right to Health are the basis of legal authority to intervene in the field of infectious diseases. CONCLUSION : Public Law and Human Rights has a special view of infectious diseases and some statutes provide for Emergency Situations. Governments are committed to taking the most effective measures possible to prevent spread of infectious diseases. According to the findings of this study, during Corona, these liabilities for the Government can be enumerated: Identification, Determining the liable authorities and institution, Education, Responsibility for prevention and treatment, Establish and expand insurance protections, Compensation for victims, Judicial and political Responsibility. In Iran, it is necessary to design a comprehensive system for exceptional situations such as pandemics.