درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Due to the fact that the Arabic language abounds in words with similar meanings, eloquence in speech or writing calls for the accurate choice of words. The Holy Quran is characterized by the use of words and morphemes in absolute precision, which accounts for part of its beauty and elegance.  This study addresses the proper use of Fe’l, Amal, and Son’ in the Quran, as three semantically close concepts all of which lie in the area of meaning of the verb ‘do’. The study is conducted through a descriptive-analytic method. First, with reference to Arabic dictionaries, the meanings of these words and their nuances are presented. Then, a number of representative verses are extracted from the Quran to show the elegant application as well as the verbal secret of those individual words.  According to the results, the word Amal is used in contexts where something is regularly done by preplanning and with pain. The word Fe’l refers to an action for getting something done or made typically for a short time, but it is on no regular basis, either planned or unplanned. The word Son’, however, is reserved for cases that are done with skill, care, and consciousness of consequences. The word also involves a degree of secrecy. As it is found, since Amal refers to an action which involves toil and trouble, it is never used for God in the Quran. What the Book uses in this regard are the words Fe’l and Son’. This verbal token can be taken as one of the linguistic miracles of the Holy Quran.

In every language, there is always a consistent relationship between sound and meaning and the way phonemes are used in inducing concepts. In the science of linguistics, there is a field called "phono-semantic" based on the coexistence of the phonetic structure of words and the correspondence between sounds and meanings. And in translation as an inter-linguistic and communicative act, it is very important to pay attention to the form of the source text to convey the meaning. The prayers of Imam Sajjad (AS) in the blessed book of Ṣaḥīfah Sajjādīyah are full of pure concepts for worshipping God and have a pleasant and soulful music that has been translated by translators into different languages. In the supplications of Ṣaḥīfah Sajjādīyah, the details of the phonetic level are difficult to translate due to the special features of listening. Therefore, in addition to conveying the meaning, the translator should also pay attention to the phonetic features of the words. In this literary essay, with the analytical descriptive method, the author has criticized four levels of phono-semantic: alliteration, minimal pairs, word plays and rhythm in three translations by Sayyid ʿAlī Mūsawī Garmārūdī, Ilāhī Qumshiʿī and Abdul Muḥammad Āyatī.