درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Today, tourism does not belong to a particular group, and everyone can explore places and enjoy leisure, knowledge and experience depending on their financial strength and interests. As a result, tourism has become one of the largest economic sectors in the world. However, the problem most Muslim countries face to the development of the tourism industry is the Islamic law that governs these countries.In this research, four main factors: 1- Trade with Muslims and presence in the business market. 2. Enjoy freedom in holding national and religious ceremonies. 3. Freedom to perform sentences and actions based on religion and religion. 4. Immunity and safety in terms of mortality, financial and occupation. As legal and legal challenges, the presence of non-Muslim tourists in Iran has been identified. After analyzing and prioritizing these factors using the AHP method, we obtained the following results. The most important challenge we face is the freedom to carry out the acts and actions on the basis of religion and religion, and the least important issue is the trade with the Muslims and the presence in the business market. 1- Freedom to perform ordinances and acts on the basis of religion. 2. Freedom to hold national and religious ceremonies. 3. Immunity and security in terms of mortality, financial and occupation. 4. Trade with Muslims and presence in the business market.

Central Asian and Caucasian countries are among the countries that have faced numerous ups and downs in the process of nation-building, and they are currently facing various challenges, particularly in the geopolitical arena. Since nation-building is a process greatly influenced by a country's historical roots and events, Central Asian and Caucasian countries have unique coordinates despite sharing a part of history. This article examines the nation-building process in Central Asian and Caucasian countries through a comparative approach. It focuses on the practical geopolitical challenges of nation-building in these two regions. The study findings indicate that Due to differences in the social context, historical processes, and geopolitical features, Central Asia and the Caucasus countries have gone through two different patterns of nation formation. In particular, Central Asian countries face significant geopolitical challenges during this process. 

Yemen crisis is a political and security one, in which besides domestic actors, regional and transregional actors also play some various roles in this process, based on their own national strategies and interests. Therefore, recognizing effective actors in the conflict, their actions and preferences is the most important factor to determining and finding some ways to settle the conflict. The question is, what will be the future of the Yemeni crisis? Graph model analysis indicated that Saudi Arabia and Ansar Allah will accept ceasefire and negotiate, while the war may also be continued, but it will not be the most likely effect and if UN Security Council has a more active role in establishing a ceasefire and creating a peaceful state, the actors for this conflict can reach a political and peaceful solution to settle the conflict.So, the purpose of this article is to show by descriptive-analytical method that by modeling conflicts and using graph model, constructive solutions can be discovered for them and the state of equilibrium in crisis can be suggested to its actors.

An industrial city tourism that manages and sells various products and experiences for people who have a wide range of motivations, tendencies and cultural perspectives  and  engage in a dialectical interaction with the host community. The old and ancient texture of cities due to their existence and the presence of historical valuable elements, proper communication position, the main market of the city and its economic heart, and etc. have a unique value and place in the spatial and functional structure of the city. Historical textures with enduring cultural values are one of the most important fields of development for endogenous development. These textures have characteristics and properties such as: large number of buildings, spaces and memorabilia of the old texture so that old town is distinguished from the periphery and immediate parts of the city and surrounding areas. Among the different regions of the country, the area of the Holy Shrine of Abdulazim in Tehran is of the potential tourist areas due to its historical dating and the abundance of attractions, as well as the diversity in its texture. Therefore, the main goal of this research is development of tourism in the historical texture of the shrine of Hazrat Abdul Azim. Descriptive-analytical method was used in this applied-survey study. The analytical method of SWOT was used to answer research questions and to provide a strategy for tourism development. For this purpose, a list of strengths and weaknesses, as well as opportunities and threats was prepared adjusting the strategic factors in order to extract SWOT matrix and provide the approaches derived from these analyzes as solving strategies regarding strengthen of the range. In addition, it can be concluded with a systematic view over the weaknesses and strengths as well as the existing opportunities and threats, that there are more strengths and opportunities available in this field, which must be exploited using the strengths and existing opportunities. The results obtained from the evaluation of the factors affecting the tourism development of the historical texture of the Hazrat Abdul Azim Shrine using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model showed that the importance of the AHP technique, 6 main criteria and 23 sub-criteria based on the calculation of the relative and final weights among the evaluated criteria, historical and cultural attractions have the highest significance with coefficient (0.199), respectively.