Journal of preventive Counselling (JPC)

The objective of the current study was to investigate the role of personality traits in predicting cyber-bullying in second year high school students in Zanjan. This is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all boy and girl high school students in Zanjan. Considering the 15500 students in the population, the sample size turned out to be 348 based on Krejcie and Morgan formula. The sample was selected through convenience sampling method using virtual social networks. To collect data, NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Cyber-Bullying/ Victimization Experiences Questionnaire (CBVEQ) were used. Data analysis was performed through Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS software (version 25). The results showed that the relationship of neuroticism and openness to experience with cyber-bullying and cyber-victimization was significant and positive. In addition, the relationship of agreeableness with cyber-bullying and cyber-victimization was significant and positive. Furthermore, from among personality traits, neuroticism and agreeableness could predict cyber bullying (β = 110); neuroticism could also predict cyber victimization (β = .117). In general, the results indicated that when neuroticism and agreeableness increased, cyber-bullying and cyber-victimization also increased. This finding can be a guide for counselors and psychologists to prevent and reduce cyber-bullying and cyber-victimization.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention on cognitive avoidance of students with test anxiety. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-post-test design ad a control group. The statistical population included all Meshkinshahr students who were referred to school counseling centers. Among them, 30 people with test anxiety were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection tools were test anxiety questionnaires (Abolghasemi et al., 1996) and cognitive avoidance (Sexton and Dogas, 2008). The experimental group received a mindfulness-based stress reduction program (John Kabat-Zayn) for 8 weeks (one week of a 2-hour session). The collected data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention significantly reduced cognitive avoidance in students with test anxiety (P <0.001). According to the present study, the use of mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention in the pre-exam period can be effective in reducing the cognitive avoidance of students with test anxiety.

The high prevalence of the coronavirus has put the world in a dangerous position, and fear and anxiety have spread across the globe, leading to significant social and psychological damage around the world. The aim of this study was to qualitatively investigate the implications of communicational, biological and psychological connections of Corona virus on families. To achieve this goal, a qualitative approach and a descriptive phenomenological method were used. The statistical population of the study included the group with Covid-19 disease and the group with acceptable prevention of Covid-19 disease in Tehran. The sampling method was purposive. Thirteen patients (cured from the disease and non-sick) were selected as the sample. Data collection was done through semi-structured researcher-made interviews and data analysis was done by content analysis method. Klaizi seven-step method was used to analyze the data. The five main categories include intra-family relationships, negative feelings and emotions caused by illness, changes in the behavior of others (after social relationships), family disputes and lifestyle changes, and 24 subcategories and 100 free codes of research results. According to the results, it can be said that the design of psychological interventions to improve mental health during this epidemic should be done and also a community program of critical psychological intervention should be prepared and implemented to compensate for the devastating effects after Covid 19.

Social health, as one of the three pillars of health, is a requirement for having a useful, effective, and satisfactory personal life and social health of members of a community, especially effective and constructive strata such as students, is a necessity for the dynamism, prosperity, and promotion of that community. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effectiveness of World Health Organization-based life skills training on resilience and social health among sixth-grade male elementary school students. It was a quasi-experimental study followed by a pretest-posttest design with a control group regarding its research method. The current study had a statistical population including all sixth-grade male elementary school students in Zahedan in the academic year 2017-2018. To collect data, a corpus of 30 people was selected using available sampling. 9 sessions of life skills training were conducted on an experimental group; however, a control group was on a waiting list. Afterward, a pretest was carried out on both groups. Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) and Keyes Social Health Inventory (2004) were asked to complete in pretest and posttest. For data analysis, analysis of covariance. Results indicated that mean scores of resilience and social health obtained by the experimental group increased compared to those of the control group. Accordingly, it can be noted that life skills training promoted resilience and social health among the male students. According to the findings, it can be concluded that life skills training can be applied to enhance levels of resilience and social health among students.

The purpose of this study was to design an educational package of individual and social skills of Islamic lifestyle and to study the effectiveness of the educational package on quality of life, mental well-being of students. To answer the main question and achieve the research objectives, the experimental research method was used. For this purpose, after identifying and selecting individuals, the sample was randomly selected into two groups. Participants have trained 8 sessions in the Experimental group. The statistical population of this research is all students of Ardabil universities. Among the students of Ardabil, universities have used a sample of 30 people was selected. for gathering data were used Reef Psychological Welfare Questionnaire (18-item short form), 26-item Quality of Life Questionnaire. To analyze of data, multivariate analysis of covariance and univariate analysis of covariance was used. The results showed that there is a significant difference in the combination of dependent variables between the experimental and control groups. And also there is a statistically remarkable difference between the average of the two groups of students in the psychological well-being variable, quality of life. . Findings showed that the design and training of individual lifestyle and social skills training package of Islamic lifestyle is effective in increasing psychological well-being, quality of life.Educated Islamic life to increase students' psychological well-being, quality of life.In universities, university counseling centers, the training package of individual and social skills of Islamic lifestyle can be taught to increase the psychological well-being, quality of life of students.

This study aimed to evaluate causal explanation of the relationship between emotional expression and marital maladjustment based on the mediating role of empathy in divorce stage couples. This research conducted through a descriptive method and the study design was correlation in the form of path analysis. The statistical population consisted all couples applied for divorce (aged 30-50) who referred to the counseling centers of the Judiciary in Tehran during2020-2021. The sample size determined 396 cases and selected through convenience sampling method. In order to collect the information, standard questionnaires of marital maladjustment, couple empathy, and emotional expression were used. Data's analyzed in the SPSS 21 and AMOS 24 software's. Data analysis showed the model fit of emotional expression relationship with marital maladjustment by mediated role of couple's empathy. The model explained about 34% of the variance of marital maladjustment in divorce applicants. Based on these findings, it can be said that the relationship between marital maladjustment and emotional expression is not a direct relationship and factors such as marital empathy can strengthen or weaken this relationship, so in trainings related to emotional expression, it is suggested to consider these variables.