Journal of preventive Counselling (JPC)

The Covid-19 pandemic has made fundamental changes in the human world at the levels of relationships, jobs, education, and health issues. This study was conducted to identify the components of basic psychological coping strategies in people with Covid-19 disease. Participants were people recovered from coronavirus. The research method was qualitative. Eighteen persons were studied through semi-structured interviews. One hundred thirty codes identified related to the objectives of the study. The results of the analysis identified four main topics and sixteen primary categories for hospitalized patients. The four main issues include symptoms and coping skills, treatment expectation, and consequences. The results showed that benefiting from psychological capital can be considered an essential aspect of coping skills. In dealing with Covid-19 disease, patients use all kinds of problem-focused to emotion-focused coping strategies and their resources and even negative coping methods to survive. How a cohesive body and mind make survival. Good physical perception, self-confidence, high will to survive, and hope are among these resources. All patients are grateful for their health after recovery. More importantly, the perception of social support, such as being supported by a spouse, family member, and proper physical activity, are healing factors against Covid-19 disease.

Mental health plays an essential role in ensuring the dynamism and efficiency of any society. Entering the university is a challenging life event for young adults; because students encounter changes in social communication, expectations, and roles. As a result, they are susceptible to experiencing stress and anxiety that could affect their functions. The present study was done to present the causal model of the effect of intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations on mental health about the mediating role of irrational beliefs. The research method was descriptive correlational. To do this, 250 students from Allameh Tabatabaei University were selected via available sampling and then answered a self-report questionnaire consisting of four Factors of Irrational Beliefs Test-Ahvaz (4IBT-A; Ebadi and Motamedi, 2005), General Health Questionnaire (28- GHQ; Goldberg & Hiller, 1979), and Aspiration Index (AI; Grouzet et al., 2005). Data analysis was administered in two parts of latent and observed variables via structural equation modeling using AMOS software. The results showed that extrinsic aspirations positively predict irrational beliefs and intrinsic aspirations negatively predict irrational thoughts; intrinsic aspirations, directly and indirectly, affect mental health; but extrinsic aspirations have no direct effect on mental health; instead, they can reduce students' mental health mediating irrational beliefs. Also, irrational beliefs had a causal and immediate impact on mental health.

The study of marital satisfaction and its determining factors has always been of interest to researchers in the fields of Psychology and Social Sciences. The objective of the present study was to predict marital satisfaction based on social networks and body image in women who chose to have cosmetic surgery through the mediation of emotion regulation. The research methods were correlation and path analysis. The statistical population included all women who chose to have rhinoplasty in beauty clinics in districts 1 to 5 of Tehran in 2021. From among them, 150 women were selected through convenience sampling method. They filled out Olson’s (1998) Marital Satisfaction questionnaire, Mojaradi et al.’s (2014) Social Network questionnaire, Body Image questionnaire (1970) and John and Gross’ (2003) Emotion Regulation questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and path analysis were conducted using SPSS software (version 25) and PLS software (version 3), respectively. The results showed that the direct effects of body image on emotion regulation, emotion regulation on marital satisfaction, virtual social network on emotion regulation, and virtual social network on marital satisfaction were significant (p < 0.05). However, the direct effect of body image on marital satisfaction was not significant (p < 0.05). In addition, the indirect effect of body image mediated by emotion regulation on marital satisfaction, and that of virtual social network mediated by emotion regulation on marital satisfaction of women who chose to have cosmetic surgery were not significant (p < 0.05).

This study aimed to compare impulsivity, sleep disorder, and suicidal thoughts in marijuana users and non-users. The present study was a comparative causal study. The statistical population of this study included students consuming marijuana as well as non-consuming students at the University of Gilan. Fifty male students consuming marijuana in the age group of 18 to 33 years were selected by purposive and snowballs sampling, and 50 non-consuming students were selected and placed in the other group. Participants completed the Bart (1995) Impulse Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (1989), and the Beck Suicide Thought Scale (1961), respectively. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance, chi-square test, and independent t-test with SPSS-22 software. The results showed that marijuana users scored higher on all three subscales of impulsivity, i.e., cognitive, motor, and unplanned impulsivity, and showed a significant difference with the non-consumer group. In terms of sleep disorders, marijuana abusers in six subscales out of seven subscales, i.e., mental quality, sleep delay, sufficient sleep, sleep disorders, hypnotic drug, and daily sleep disorders, a significant difference with the non-consumer group. Moreover, in the suicidal ideation scale, people with marijuana abuse had a higher mean score on the Beck suicidal thoughts scale. Conclusion: The research findings can be used in designing therapeutic interventions for people addicted to marijuana.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive hypnosis therapy on sexual desire and marital satisfaction of women. The study's design was semi-experimental and pre-test and post-test with the control group. The statistical population included all women referred to Babolsar Eltiam psychological clinic and then 22 women were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (11 women for each group). The experimental group was received cognitive hypnotherapy for 11 sessions and each session lasting 90 minutes; while the control group did not receive any intervention during this research. Both groups compeleted the Apt and Halbert (HISD) Sex Desire Scale and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale (ESQ-47) in two stages of pre-test and post-test. The collected data were analyzed using covariance analysis statistical method. The results of covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the performance of both experimental and control groups in the scores of developmental functions of Sexual Desire and marital satisfaction in post-test stage (P<0/001) Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that cognitive hypnosis therapy is effective in increasing marital satisfaction and improving women's Sex Desire. Consequently, marital satisfaction and improve women's Sex Desire promote by cognitive hypnosis therapy.

The aim of the present study is to show how language and narration function in the selected works by Lydia Davis based on Blanchot’s theory. Lydia Davis is an American writer known for her idiosyncratic and extremely short stories often characterized by clear observations of mostly material and daily events. One aspect that Blanchot points out is the spacing among a literary text. This spacing or distance refers to how a literary text resists interpretation and reaching the singular truth by the reader. The more, the reader attempts to understand the text, the further the meaning slips. As a result, a relation between the text and the reader is created. The present essay shows how Davis experiences death or becoming through her writings. The author shows her sacrifice and becoming the other in her short stories; in Meat, My Husband, Davis becomes no one and every one at the same time; she becomes the wife, the cook, and the meal but she is not any of them as well. In Jack in the Country, Davis reflects the field where no transcendental being is detected. Davis’s stories manifest Blanchot’s theory of language and narration in which the author is engaged with dying process, yet ironically neither he dies nor she is reborn. The aim of the present research is to show how Davis experiences the dying process and becoming the other.