درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Abstract The aim of the present study was investigating the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on neurocognitive performance in people with mild neurocognitive impairment. Using meta-analysis and integrating the research results, this study has specified the extent of the effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on improvement of neurocognitive function in people with mild neurocognitive impairment. Method: For meta-analyses Magiran, SID, and Irandoc databases were used to search Persian articles and Science direct, Scopus, and PubMed databases were used to find foreign articles, using ‘MCI’, ‘transcranial direct current stimulation’, tDCS, and ‘mild cognitive impairment’ key words for foreign articles and their Persian equivalents for Persian articles. Of the 29 studies, 11 that were methodologically acceptable were meta-analyzed. The research tool was a meta-analysis checklist. Results: The results of meta-analysis indicated publication bias in the studies. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, a random effect model was used. The effect of Hedges for the impact of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on neurocognitive functions in people with mild neurocognitive impairment was 0.26, which is a large effect. Conclusion: This result shows clinicians can choose transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as effective intervention for patients who suffer from mild cognitive impairments. More investigations are necessary to find the cognitive benefits of using transcranial direct current stimulation in elderly people and other cognitive impaired persons.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of painting therapy in reducing emotional- behavioral problems (internalized problems: anxious - depressed, withdrawn-depressed, somatic complaints, and externalized problems: aggressive behavior and rule-breaking behavior) of Children with cancer. Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and control group with follow-up. Using targeted sampling, 40children (6 to 12-year-old) with cancer, whose score on the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) was one standard deviation above average, was selected and randomly divided into two groups of experiment (n = 20) and control (n = 20), but due to the drop in the number of subjects, it decreased to 31 (16 experimental group and 15 control group). The painting program was performed on the experimental group in the form of 8 two-hour sessions. To analyze the data, the mixed variance analysis method was used. Results: The results showed that although the overall score of the internalized and externalized problems was significantly reduced, painting therapy didn’t affect the somatic complaints (of internalized problems) and the rule-breaking behavior (of externalized problems). Conclusions: The results showed that painting therapy can be an effective way to reduce the emotional-behavioral problems of children with cancer. Therefore the findings of this study can have preventive clinical applications.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on goal orientation and feeling of inferiority in individuals with physical-motor disabilities. Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental methodology. The statistical population consisted of all students with physical-motor disabilities in Kalaleh County (n = 517). Among them, 30 students were selected as a sample using a convenience sampling method. After explaining the purpose of the research and signing the consent form, they were divided into two groups of 15: the experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in eight ACT training sessions (one 60-minute session per week), while the control group only answered pretest and posttest. For this purpose, Elliot and McGregor's Achievement Goal Orientations Scale (2001) and Eysenck's Feelings of Inferiority Questionnaire (1976) were used. Results and Conclusions: The findings indicated the effect of ACT-based training on mastery-approach goal orientation and feeling of inferiority in students with physical-motor disabilities. Examining the means showed that the mastery-approach goal orientation increased, and the feeling of inferiority decreased after ACT.

Objective: Today, work as a social identity plays an important role in success, health, and well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of self-determined motivation with psychological, life, and workplace well-being. Method: The participants of this study consisted of 246 employees of Marun Oil and Gas Producing Company in Khuzestan in 2020, who were selected by stratified random sampling method. The instruments used in the study were Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (Gagné et al., 2015), and Employee Well-being Scale (Zheng et al., 2015). Canonical correlation and multiple regression analysis through SPSS-24 were used for data analysis. Results: Findings showed that among the three dimensions of self-determined motivation, autonomous motivation with a structural coefficient of 0.94 and among the components of employee well-being, workplace well-being with a structural coefficient of 0.99, had the maximum relationship with the first canonical variable resulting from independent and dependent variables. According to the results of simultaneous regression analysis, autonomous motivation was the most important predictor for psychological well-being (β=0.45, p=0.000), life well-being (β=0.30, p=0.001), and workplace well-being (β=0.45, p=0.000). Amotivation could predict workplace well-being (β= -0.34, p=0.000). However, controlled motivation could not predict any component of employee well-being. Conclusion: Based on the findings, autonomous motivation was the most important predictor of psychological, life, and workplace well-being. Therefore, it is recommended that organizations provide opportunity for development of this type of motivation.

The purpose of the present research was to examine the effect of cognitive-behavioral stress management on health locus of control and resilience in patients with coronary artery disease. This research was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population of this research consisted of all patients aged 40-65 years with coronary artery disease who were referred to Kasra Hospital in Tehran in 2019. The sample was 90 patients who were selected from the research population and assigned into the two experimental and control groups. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale and Resilience Scale. The research data were analyzed using Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The results showed that the cognitive-behavior stress management significantly increased internal health locus of control and resilience in the experimental group (P<0.01). Cognitive-behavioral stress management may lead to a change in one's self-awareness and abilities through cognitive challenge, cognitive error detection and thought replacement, which in turn can increases individual’s sense of containment and cognitive control.