فرزانه حیدرپور

With the increasing competitiveness of the capital market, one of the topics that has attracted the attention of many financial researchers in recent years is the reasons for the formation of abnormal stock returns as a stimulus for restructuring companies due to the difference between real returns and Expected (normal) returns can motivate investment in the capital market. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the reasons for the formation of abnormal stock returns on the content of the autopoietic restructuring theory of companies operating in the petrochemical industry in the capital market. In this study, in order to identify the components (reasons for the formation of abnormal stock returns) and research propositions (content themes of corporate autopoietic restructuring theory), a combined analysis was used with the participation of 15 accounting experts at the university level. In the quantitative part, the components and propositions identified in the form of matrix questionnaires were evaluated by interpretive ranking process (IRP) by 20 financial managers of capital market petrochemical companies. The results showed that the most effective reason for the formation of abnormal stock returns is the institutional and regulatory causes of the stock market, which has the greatest impact on the dimension of autopoietic restructuring strategy of petrochemical companies. In other words, institutional and regulatory changes in the stock market by upstream institutions will be able to influence the restructuring process with the aim of matching the content with the structural process (the autopoietic approach).

The accounting and auditing profession must acquire the necessary skills in ethical judgment, so that it can consider the well-being of all those affected by its performance. Without strong and moral behaviour, the position of this old art and profession is shaken. This issue should be considered more by people who want to enter this field and technology than by companies. The main purpose of this study is to identify and rank the factors affecting accounting and auditing ethics among accountants and auditors. In order to identify the effective factors, while reviewing the studies, a semi-structured interview was conducted using a qualitative method of theme analysis. The experts interviewed were sixteen university professors and activists in the accounting and auditing profession. A review of the literature, research, and interview results reveals nine key themes that categorize the factors influencing corporate accounting and auditing ethics. In this research, key factors have been identified and then the fuzzy Delphi technique has been used to rank and find the importance of the factors. The results showed that government and legal, economic, individual, social, cultural, corporate governance, organizational and intelligence factors are involved in accounting and auditing ethics, respectively.