امکان سنجی توسعه انرژی های تجدیدپذیر شهری اهواز با رویکرد دفاع غیر عامل (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
در قرن 21 میلادی مهم ترین سیاست های جهانی برای کاهش آلاینده های محیطی شامل اقتصاد کم کربن و توسعه انرژی های تجدید پذیر است که این سیاست ها منجر به کاهش گازهای گلخانه ای و صرفه جویی در انرژی می شود؛ اما در راستای رسیدن به این امر چالش های متعدّدی وجود دارد؛ از این رو هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی و تحلیل چالش های توسعه انرژی در شهر اهواز با رویکرد پدافند غیر عامل است. پژوهش حاضر ازلحاظ هدف، کاربردی و ازلحاظ روش، پیمایشی و توصیفی–تحلیلی است. اطلاعات لازم در این پژوهش به صورت اسنادی، کتابخانه ای و میدانی (پرسشنامه و مصاحبه) جمع آوری شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر خبرگان حوزه های شهر و انرژی است. شیوه نمونه گیری در این پژوهش، نمونه گیری طبقه ای متناسب با حجم نمونه است. همچنین، روش آنالیز نیز کمّی بوده که در آن از تکنیک های ARAS, VIKOR استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که مجموعه چالش های موجود به ترتیب در توسعه انرژی زمین گرمایی، انرژی زیست توده، انرژی آبی، بادی و خورشیدی بیشترین اثر ها را دارد. نتایج تکنیک VIKOR حکایت از آن دارد که از میان شاخص های پدافند غیر عامل در کاهش چالش های انرژی تجدید پذیر انرژی خورشیدی با امتیاز 1رتبه اول، انرژی بادی با امتیاز 758/0 در رتبه دوم، انرژی آبی با امتیاز 2220/0 در رتبه سوم قرار گرفته است. همچنین، انرژی زمین گرمایی و زیست توده به ترتیب در پایین ترین رتبه قرار دارد. نتایج ادغام سازی نیز نشان داد که بین شاخص های پدافند غیر عامل و چالش های توسعه انرژی نوعی وابستگی وجود دارد که این وابستگی بسته به هر نوع انرژی تجدید پذیر با یکدیگر متفاوت است. در نهایت، مشخص شد که امکان توسعه انرژی حاصل از خورشید در اهواز زیاد است؛ اما توسعه انرژی حاصل از گرمایش زمین امکان کمی دارد.Developing Feasibility of Urban Renewable Energy in Ahvaz with a Passive Defense Approach
In the 21st century, global efforts to mitigate environmental pollutants have focused on fostering a low-carbon economy and advancing energy sources that minimize greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. However, numerous challenges persist. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate and analyze the obstacles to sustainable development in the city of Ahvaz within an environmentally non-operating context. This study was applied in its purpose and survey-oriented while being descriptive-analytical in its methodology. Data were gathered through document analysis, library research, and fieldwork (questionnaires and interviews). The statistical population of the study comprised experts in the field of energy in Ahvaz with a sampling method based on stratification. The analysis employed quantitative methods, utilizing the ARAS and VIKOR techniques. The findings revealed that the challenges in developing geothermal, biomass, water, wind, and solar energy were primarily environmental in nature. The VIKOR technique results indicated that solar energy ranked highest in terms of ineffectiveness in addressing energy challenges in Ahvaz with a score of 1 followed by wind energy at 0.758 and water energy at 0.2220. Geothermal energy and biomass ranked lowest, respectively. Furthermore, the integration results demonstrated a varying degree of interdependence between non-factor indicators and energy development challenges contingent upon the type of renewable energy.Keywords: Energy Development, Passive Defense, ARAS, VIKOR, Ahvaz IntroductionRenewable Energy Sources (RES) are gaining global prominence as a viable alternative to fossil fuels with recent research underscoring their pivotal role in the future. Depleting reserves and the adverse environmental impact of fossil fuels have prompted investors to consider RES for sustainable development. Conventional energy sources, such as oil, coal, and gas, are not only dwindling in supply, but also carrying significant environmental repercussions. A diverse array of renewable energy sources, including solar, geothermal, hydroelectric, and wind power, have been posited as more sustainable alternatives to meet both current and future energy demands. Despite their potential to furnish affordable and clean energy, adoption of renewable energy has encountered varying degrees of governmental policy support and market uptake. Materials & MethodsThis study was classified as an applied research due to its focus on assessing the development of renewable energies and examining non-functional defense indicators. Methodologically, it adopted a survey-based and descriptive-analytical approach. Data were collected through documentary analysis, library research, and fieldwork involving questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population consisted of experts in the field with their number determined through a systematic review of resumes and statistics within the renewable energy and passive defense sectors. A minimum number of 50 individuals was selected based on this criterion. The sampling method employed in this research was proportional stratified sampling, wherein a percentage of the total statistical sample was allocated to each area based on its population. Additionally, to rank the indicators pertinent to renewable energy development, a questionnaire was distributed to other experts in the field. The snowball sampling method was utilized to select 50 relevant experts. The analysis method utilized quantitative models, specifically employing the ARAS decision-making method and the VIKOR model for ranking with the results subsequently integrated. Research Findings:The outcomes derived from the VIKOR technique revealed that the defense indicators least effective in mitigating the challenges of renewable energy in the city of Ahvaz were solar energy with a score of 1, wind energy ranking second with a score of 0.758, and hydro energy securing the third position with a score of 0.2220. A correlation existed between the non-operating defense indicators and the challenges of energy development, influencing the feasibility of developing each type of energy and likelihood of overcoming the existing challenges based on the conditions specific to Ahvaz. This correlation varied depending on the specific type of renewable energy. Furthermore, biomass and geothermal energy ranked lowest, respectively. The overall conclusion of this study suggested that the development of solar energy was more feasible than those of other energy sources. The interplay between the non-operating defense indicators and energy development challenges determined the relative feasibility of developing each type of energy and overcoming the existing challenges with this relationship varying across different types of renewable energy. Discussion of Results & ConclusionThe array of challenges present in the development of geothermal, biomass, hydro, wind, and solar energy respectively exerted a significant influence, necessitating careful consideration by relevant managers in their planning efforts as these challenges had to be addressed concurrently, presenting a formidable task. However, the potential for developing renewable energies varied across different energy types. According to the findings of ARAS, geothermal energy development ranked as the lowest priority in terms of feasibility. From a non-agent perspective, prioritizing a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach that encompasses the broader social and environmental impacts of energy policy and technology is imperative. This approach allows for a better understanding of the opportunities and challenges associated with transitioning to a more sustainable energy system, enabling the identification of effective strategies to achieve this objective. With the burgeoning population and economy, the demand for energy in Ahvaz City was escalating rapidly. The development of renewable energy in Ahvaz was essential to meet the ever-increasing energy demand and mitigate the environmental impacts stemming from the city's industrial nature and heavy reliance on fossil fuels. Nonetheless, numerous challenges existed in the path of renewable energy development in Ahvaz.
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