مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

Perception


۴۱.

The Evaluation of Environmental Quality criteria in Urban Design Using Citizens' Cognitive Characteristics; (Case Study: Tehran Neighborhoods)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مدیریت شهری دوره ۱۴ تابستان ۱۳۹۵ ضمیمه لاتین شماره ۴۳ ۶۴-۴۵

کلیدواژه‌ها: Environmental quality Perception Legibility Sense of place Liveliness Security

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۵ تعداد دانلود : ۶۴
The problem which has been the focus of city constructors and architectures since the beginning of citizenship life is the issue of the nature of environmental quality. This study, with a review of explaining paradigms of environmental quality and by reliance on basic works, has assumed the question of nature of environmental quality an interdisciplinary concept (civic construction, sociology, psychology) and is in seek of explaining perceptive quality factors from citizens' perspective. Since the nature of this study is multidimensional and understanding of its different aspects and answering of its relevant questions bounds researcher both to test present theories and to understand mental world of his or her subjects, therefore, synthetic approach has been applied for methodology of it. It should be mentioned that Delphi method has been applied so as to obtain different indices and factors of the study. To determine the unit of sampling, multiple-stage clustering sampling method has been used in a way that between 22 regions of Tehran municipality, based on their development, first 6 regions were selected and in the next stage all the local states of those 6 regions were listed and then six local states were randomly selected. Size of the sample of this study is 200 persons. The results show that most of the perceptive factors derived from qualitative section of the research conform to factors derived from quantitative section and questionnaire. In other words factors derived from qualitative section are the same as those derived from quantitative factors. The significant point to notice in this section is that some of the derived factors from this section couldn’t be categorized by previous theories but rather they belong to the research community of this study (i.e. local states of Tehran). Thus we can state that the total perceptive criteria of environmental quality of these local states are as follows: legibility, place atmosphere, permeability, peace, tranquility, liveliness, sensational rapture, time sense, civil justice, security, human standard, sociability.
۴۲.

Reading the Perception of Audience in Modern Conservation of Historical Monuments(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مدیریت شهری دوره ۱۴ پاییز ۱۳۹۵ ضمیمه لاتین شماره ۴۴ ۲۶۰-۲۵۱

کلیدواژه‌ها: Perception Audience monument Conservation

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۹ تعداد دانلود : ۷۲
According to the non-physical aspects of conservation in the world today and intangible effects were considered serious. Conservation process, but help to understand the purpose and effect of not reading, but perception is a matter of epistemological roots in philosophy and in modern philosophy the process of understanding a monument-art conservation in connection with the audience is important. The audience as an integral part of the conservation that is effective in the formation of the protective interactions. So how to understand and get the audience's perception of the effectiveness and value in him is vital. On this basis, the aim of this paper is to review and reach the audience in understanding how the process is the philosophical foundations value conservation and the main question raised is whether the formation is based on the principles of philosophy devoted to protecting the perception place? To access the call to review the evolution of the contact position in this field and the principles of conservation and understanding of the philosophy and the philosophy of protecting reviews override and analysis and review of the vote, Islamic and Western philosophy has been done in this area. This study is an analysis of the findings found that the effect of that sensory perception, rational and imaginary in philosophy, has been developed and subjective and objective process, in discussing his philosophy of conservation for immediate steps to get the whole effect, thinking the values of work, interpretation and effect of the appreciation of the presence and reading of this show that understanding the importance of the three principles behind the creation and validation of the integrity, authenticity and value perception lies and categories subject to the special relationship with the audience taking effect. When the relationship between the audiences with a monument is established on the basis of perceived value can be expected readings mean conservation will take effect.
۴۳.

Users’ perception of selected e-commerce sites in Nigeria

نویسنده:
منبع: Cyberspace Studies,Volume ۵, Issue ۱, January ۲۰۲۱ 41 - 58

کلیدواژه‌ها: E-business E-Commerce ICTs Perception sites

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۱ تعداد دانلود : ۷۹
Unprecedented growth in technology usage has led to the proliferation of e-commerce sites and their adoption globally. However, there are factors hindering the adoption and full exploitation of e-commerce sites in Nigeria. In view of this, this study examined users' perception of selected e-commerce sites in Nigeria, using students of the University of Ilorin as a case study. The population of the study comprised mainly of 5500 students from four faculties selected from the University of Ilorin using a simple random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used as the main instrument for data collection using descriptive statistics to analyze field data. A Purposive sampling technique was adopted in the selection of students for this study. The sample size comprised of 300 students selected purposively from the four Faculties. Findings revealed that the majority of users patronized e-commerce sites such as Jumia, Konga, OLX, and Jiji. However, users of e-commerce sites raised issues of privacy concerns, low-security awareness, and lack of user education. In conclusion, recommendations were made towards improving the adoption and use of e-commerce sites in Nigeria.
۴۴.

Social Media Use and its Implications on Cyberethical Behaviour in Nigeria: Perspectives of Generation Z Girls

نویسنده:
منبع: Cyberspace Studies,Volume ۷, Issue ۱, January ۲۰۲۳ 23 - 44

کلیدواژه‌ها: cyberethical behaviour digital natives female generation Z gen Z information behaviour online followers online safety Perception Social media use

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۱۰ تعداد دانلود : ۸۰
This study examined how young Nigerian internet users view social media use and cyberethics. This study included all secondary school-aged female Nigerians from the six geopolitical zones. Thirty-six females aged 13–15, the generation's median age, were chosen from each zone and state. The tool for data collection was an open-ended survey. The results revealed that young women used multiple social media platforms. The characteristics of the various social media platforms which showed minimal text, short videos, and photo-editing filters showed that their peers heavily influenced their use of social media. This study also found that Generation Z females believed that large number of online followers implied a high sense of self-esteem and that any activities that increased followership was acceptable. They also underestimated online risks. Female Gen Z posted sexually suggestive videos online due to peer pressure and the need for peer acceptance, showing a lack of awareness of the consequences of such conduct. The study recommended that schools and all organisations put in place policies to ensure positive use of the Internet. Similarly, the study also recommended modifications of school curricula to include cyberethical awareness. Parenting techniques should also adequately teach societal awareness and the risks of exposing children to early exposure to the Internet.
۴۵.

Unveiling Indonesian EFL Teacher’s Perceptions and Challenges of Technology-based Assessment as and for Learning

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Language Testing, Volume ۱۴, , Issue ۱, March ۲۰۲۴ 82 - 98

کلیدواژه‌ها: assessment for learning assessment as learning Challenge Perception Technology

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۰۸ تعداد دانلود : ۱۴۵
The significance of assessment as a learning component has led to the development of a sound assessment system that supports the teaching and learning objectives. Achievement of learning assessment should prioritize assessment as learning (AaL) and assessment for learning (AfL) rather than the assessment of learning (AoL). The appropriate AaL and AfL have influenced the process of AoL. Almost all teachers in Indonesia have faced the challenge of implementing Aal and AfL. This study used a qualitative study to report English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers' perceptions and challenges regarding technology-based AfL and AaL. The design of the study was content analysis using the coding procedure and the grounded theory framework as the analytical foundation. Data gathered involved conducting structured interviews with 60 EFL teachers from three central provinces within Indonesia. The findings revealed that EFL teachers in Indonesia had different perspectives about technology-based AfL and AaL as flourishing assessment approaches. Most of the EFL teachers' perceptions said that due to a lack of time, large classes, and lack of knowledge and training on technology-based AfL and AaL principles and practices in EFL contexts, implementation of technology-based AfL and AaL was viewed as challenging. The study has implications for EFL teachers and trainers in developing an instructional model of technology-based AfL and AaL.
۴۶.

مرور نظام مند ابعاد روانشناختی آسایش حرارتی مرتبط با مکان های شهری(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: گفتمان طراحی شهری دوره ۴ زمستان ۱۴۰۲ شماره ۴ 30 - 68

کلیدواژه‌ها: outdoor thermal comfort thermal adaptation person-environment interaction Perception cognitive evaluation آسایش حرارتی در فضای باز سازگاری حرارتی تعامل فرد-محیط ادراک ارزیابی شناختی

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۶ تعداد دانلود : ۵۷
بیان مساله: دانش بیشتر در زمینه ابعاد موثر بر آسایش حرارتی در فضای باز، می تواند به طراحان شهری در اثرگذاری جهت تقویت تجربه مکان های شهری کمک کند. درک چرایی پاسخ های انسانی به محرّک حرارتی نیازمند شناخت دقیق تر عوامل و فرآیند های مؤثر بر آسایش حرارتی است. در این زمینه، علاوه بر تاثیر عوامل عینی، لازم است نسبت به فرایند های ذهنی شناخت صورت گیرد. در دو دهه اخیر پژوهش های متعددی مبتنی بر چارچوب سازگاری حرارتی به ابعاد روانشناختی آسایش حرارتی در فضای باز پرداخته اند. تنوع عوامل روانشناختی مؤثر و گستردگی اطلاعات پژوهش های نمونه موردی نیازمند مرور جامع در جهت استنباط نظری و تبدیل آنها به مفهوم سازی هایی ساختار یافته تر است. از طرفی، مرور پژوهش ها در زمینه ابعاد روانشناختی تجربه حرارتی در فضای باز نشان دهنده ارتباط ضعیف با نظریه های پایه روانشناسی محیطی در زمینه مربوطه است. هدف: هدف این مطالعه مرور جامع یافته های پژوهشی در زمینه ابعاد روانشناختی مؤثر بر آسایش حرارتی متأثر از تجربه مکان های شهری و ایجاد پیوند میان شواهد در حوزه تأثیرات روانشناختی آسایش حرارتی در فضای باز و مفاهیم نظری روانشناسی محیطی بوده است. روش:  چارچوب مفهومی پیشنهادی ساختاری متشکل از پارامتر های تجربه حرارتی لحظه ای و عوامل موثر بر آن ارائه می دهد و هدایت کننده و سازمان دهنده این مطالعه مروری است. جستجوی مقالات بر اساس کلمات کلیدی مستخرج از مبانی نظری انجام شد. و نهایتاً 28 مقاله به صورت تفصیلی مرور گردید و یافته های پژوهشی استخراج شده در قالب بخش بندی موضوعی مدل مفهومی شامل تجربه بلند مدت، تجربه کوتاه مدت، محیط های ترمیم کننده و تعامل فرد- محیط حرارتی تقسیم بندی شد. یافته ها و نتیجه گیری: یافته های پژوهشی در قالب جداول، به تفکیک زیر بخش های مفهومی، در تطبیق با مفاهیم نظری قرار گرفته و بر اساس مقایسه با مفاهیم نظری مرتبط مورد بحث قرار گرفتند. مرور پژوهش ها نشان دهنده تأثیر عوامل شناختی حاصل از تجربه بلند مدت (پیوند میان شرایط حرارتی و مشخصات فضایی-مکانی در حافظه، ترجیحات و نگرش ها در ارتباط با تجربه حرارتی در فضا های شهری، و حسّ مکان، به عنوان نگرش فرد معطوف به مکان)، تجربه کوتاه مدت (تأثیر محیط حرارتی تجربه شده در کوتاه مدت و مدت زمان حضور در معرض محیط باز، تأثیرپذیری های احساسی کوتاه مدت و خستگی ذهنی)، محیط های ترمیم کننده (ویژگی های ترمیم کننده فیزیکی و عملکردی و محبوبیت مکان نزد فرد) و تعامل موقعیتی فرد-محیط حرارتی (تناسب با نیاز ها/اهداف و انتظارات و امکان کنترل) بر آسایش حرارتی در فضای باز  است. همچنین، حاصل پژوهش نشان می دهد مفاهیم نظری روانشناسی محیطی در حوزه شناختی می توانند به انسجام بخشی مفاهیم، توضیح مشاهدات و هدایت مطالعات پژوهشی پیش رو در زمینه تأثیرات روانشناختی بر آسایش حرارتی کمک کنند.  
۴۷.

The Effects of Auditory and Audiovisual Input on Listening Comprehension and Writing Accuracy of EFL Students: Focusing on Students’ Perceptions of Input Modality(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۶, No. ۲, ۲۰۲۴ 71 - 88

کلیدواژه‌ها: Accuracy Auditory/Audiovisual input fluency listening comprehension Perception

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۸ تعداد دانلود : ۴۱
The current study was conducted to examine Iranian EFL students’ listening comprehension and writing performance after receiving auditory and audiovisual input. With a quasi-experimental test-retest design, a listening comprehension test was administered in auditory and audiovisual formats to 51 intermediate EFL students from two intact classes. The results indicated that the students’ mean scores in the audiovisual listening test were significantly higher than that in the auditory test administered after a six-week interval; however, no significant difference was found in the accuracy and fluency of summary writing. The analysis of the participants’ responses to the questionnaire indicated that 75% of the students preferred the video format of the test and only 22% found it distracting. Most participants believed that visual input helped them remember details for a longer period and stay more concentrated, engaged and interested in the topic. To conclude, in addition to auditory input, audiovisual material is recommended as a preferred instrument to assess learners’ listening comprehension.
۴۸.

Iranian EFL Teachers’ Dynamic Assessment Literacy and their Views of Its Practicality: A Comparative Study of Public School and English Language Institute Teachers

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۹, Issue ۲ (۲۰۲۴) 30 - 45

کلیدواژه‌ها: dynamic assessment EFL high school teachers EFL institute teachers Literacy Perception

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۶ تعداد دانلود : ۲۰
Teachers play a pivotal role in the instruction-assessment process. Knowing EFL teachers’ conceptualizations of the role of assessment as well as their own role in the implementation of assessment is very critical. Accordingly, the current study aimed to compare Iranian EFL public high school teachers’ literacy and perceptions of dynamic assessment with those of English language institute teachers. In so doing, 45 (23 high school, 22 institute) English teachers, teaching in Lahijan, Iran were selected according to convenience sampling method. The teachers were invited to cooperate and participate in the study and fill out the questionnaire sent via social network like WhatsApp and Telegram. In addition, nine teachers (five high school, four institute teachers) were selected through purposive sampling to participate in a semi-structured interview with five questions posed through the above-mentioned social networks. A researcher-adapted questionnaire with 23 items in a Likert-type scale was utilized to collect data. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were achieved through experts’ opinion and Cronbach Alpha, respectively. Having collected the data, descriptive and inferential statistics of the findings showed that although both groups of teachers had a realistic view about the application of dynamic assessment due to its practicality and social acceptance, the teachers in two different contexts of teaching had different rates of literacy and perceptions of dynamic assessment. Furthermore, the difference in the two groups of teachers’ perceptions of dynamic assessment practicality was significantly different. The institute teachers enjoyed a higher average of both literacy and perceptions of dynamic assessment practicality in their classrooms. This study echoes the teachers’ voices, and as in the wake of new forms of curricular policy in many parts of the world, teachers are increasingly required to be agents of change that would hopefully encourage change at the discipline and in the institutional level.
۴۹.

Iranian Advanced EFL Learners’ Perception of Criteria-Referenced Self-and-Peer Assessment: Benefits and Challenges(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۶, No.۳۳, Fall & Winter ۲۰۲۳ 107 - 126

کلیدواژه‌ها: Criteria-referenced Self-Assessment Peer-assessment Perception writing

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۰
Self-assessment, a form of alternative assessment focusing on learner-centered curricula, autonomy, and needs analysis, has gained prominence recently. Via individual and cooperative self-assessment, EFL learners notice and apply the established standards and criteria that would decide on the accuracy and fluency of their productions, particularly in challenging areas like writing that require detailed forms of assessment. Here, learners’ capacity to self-assess and peer-assess their writings could contribute to their developmental functions. The objective of this study was to explore a specific number of Iranian EFL learners’ perceptions of criteria-referenced self-and-peer assessment in writing through a mixed-method survey. Sixty EFL learners were asked to answer a questionnaire on self-and-peer assessment. Additionally, 15 learners were requested to answer semi-structured interview questions to express their perceptions toward criteria-referenced self-and-peer assessment. For the quantitative phase of the study, a self- and peer-assessment questionnaire developed by Cornelius and Kinghorn (2014) was utilized. The questionnaire's reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and content validity was confirmed. For the qualitative phase of the study, the researcher developed and conducted a semi-structured interview with five open-ended questions with validated content. The data related to the quantitative and qualitative phases were analyzed through descriptive statistics including the frequency percentage and content analysis methods, respectively. Results revealed learners had positive perceptions towards criteria-referenced self-and peer assessment in language classes. The findings offer beneficial implications for EFL teachers, learners, test developers, and administrators.
۵۰.

Perception, Disappearance, Transmission in Lewis’ The Chronicles of Narnia Based on Virilio's Theory of Dromology(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۱۱, Issue ۴۷, ۲۰۲۳ 97 - 106

کلیدواژه‌ها: Perception Disappearance Transmission Dromology Virilio

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۱ تعداد دانلود : ۱۴
This research explored the intricacies of incitement as a speech act in political discourse, particularly in the context of the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict. Utilizing a mixed-methods design, the study combined qualitative analyses—focusing on rhetorical structures and pragmatic strategies—with quantitative evaluations of speech act frequencies. The corpus included speeches from prominent political figures delivered between February 2022 and March 2024, selected for their relevance to incitement. The analysis revealed that incitement often straddles the boundary between illocutionary and perlocutionary acts, showcasing how politicians use indirect language to maintain plausible deniability while still mobilizing action. This ambiguity complicates traditional classifications within speech act theory. Furthermore, the study highlights various persuasive strategies employed in political rhetoric, such as emotional appeals and historical analogies.The implications of this research are significant for understanding how language functions as a tool of political power, particularly in conflict situations. It provides insights into ethical considerations surrounding incitement in political communication, suggesting that awareness of linguistic strategies can help prevent escalation of tensions and promote more responsible discourse among leaders.
۵۱.

Iranian EFL Teachers' Perception of Formulaic-Oriented Witten Corrective Feedback Practices(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۱۲, Issue ۴۸, Spring ۲۰۲۴ 11 - 25

کلیدواژه‌ها: Perception teachers EFL classes Formulaic Witten Corrective Feedback

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۹ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱
Although there is an increasing amount of research examining the efficacy of Witten Corrective Feedback (WCF) in enhancing the grammatical accuracy of EFL learners, only a few studies have explored the perspectives of EFL teachers regarding Formulaic-oriented Witten Corrective Feedback (FWCF) in EFL settings. Using a mixed-method approach, this interpretive exploratory study sought to understand the attitudes of Iranian EFL teachers toward FWCF. The analyses were based on quantitative data from a 13-item anonymous bespoke online survey, qualitative data from semi-structured interviews, and an open-ended question at the end of the survey. EFL teachers (n =137) responded to the online survey, and 7 participants participated in semi-structured interviews. The findings indicated that female teachers' favorable opinions about the effectiveness of WCF for improving EFL learners' writing performance resulted from their belief that the learners' capacity to use more formal and courteous language in their writing assignments was positively impacted by using these formulaic sequences. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that EFL teachers preferred direct WCF methods over indirect tactics. The most essential component that affected teachers' practices in the classroom was training designed to change their perspective of the valuelessness of WCF. The teachers' lack of satisfactory understanding of formulaic sequences stemmed from their lack of information. In addition, teachers' hesitancy to use them in the lower proficiency levels emanated from their misconceptions of their uselessness in the language learners' writing tasks.
۵۲.

Students' Perception and Interest in Using Literary Texts for Teaching English(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۱۲, Issue ۴۸, Spring ۲۰۲۴ 131 - 147

کلیدواژه‌ها: Authentic Literary Texts interest Perception Simplified Literary Texts

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۴
The present investigation attempted to see if using literary texts could lead into any change in learners' interest or perception toward literature. The research also attempted to find students' perception on using literary content in language learning based on learners' opinions. The investigation finally sought to discover the way learners' interest in literature changed as a result of using literary texts as the instructional content. The Research employed a mixed-method design to answer the questions proposed in the study. After analyzing data through t-test, Gain-score comparison and thematic analysis, the results showed that using literary content worked as useful and constructive for learners in language learning and life objectives. The results further confirmed that learners' interest level improved positively due to using simplified literary texts, whereas, the positive role could not be seen in using authentic literary content. Accordingly, content selection from literature along with considering learners' life needs are able to make language learning more attractive to learners. The results also support that developing newer books with literary texts can provide learners with different knowledge like cultural awareness, social knowledge or historical background, which seem to be urgent life needs in today's modern society.