مطالب

The causality between tourism growth and economic growth would not be very accurate regardless of the environmental factors affecting them such as the oil revenues. The present study investigates the effects of oil revenues on the causality between them, to present the difference between the two variables in oil-exporting countries. We examined the causal relationship using Dumitrescu and Hurlin’s model (2012) and the trivariate method in 9 oil-exporting countries from 1996 to 2019. The results show a one-way causal relationship between economic growth and tourism promotion in two variate causality but no relationship was found between them in trivariate. However, one-way causality is weakened when oil revenues are introduced. The causality of economic growth is not confirmed in the presence of oil revenues, as the causal relationship in the two-variable test is affected by the abundance of oil revenues. JEL Classification: F49, L83, O47, C21, C23

This paper explores early and Reformation-era Christian attempts to render the idea of an afterlife coherent. The specific focus is on early Reformed Christians’ unequivocal belief in a bodily criterion of personal identity and a physical afterlife. This article shows how Jewish divisions are partially responsible for the differences from this endeavor. Lending focus and structure to this broadly reconstructive project is a sustained critique of Princeton philosopher Mark Johnston’s recent agenda-setting series of lectures published as Surviving Death. My general conclusion is that Christian resurrectionism—or at least, the most persuasive forms of it as presented by some of the more astute Reformed Christian thinkers—is at least a coherent idea regardless of whether or not it is true. 

Background: The advancement of information technologies has many effects on library services and collection management. Most of the librarians and library managers would like to work in libraries with a focus on modern devices and technologies. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine applying new devices of IOT technologies in different parts of libraries and changing library environments and services according to these new technologies. Method: The present research has been using a library study. In fact, equipping libraries with modern technologies would improve library services and increase users’ satisfaction. Findings: Librarians should be aware of important aspects of IoT in library services. The IoT will continue to affect libraries and their services through the building, collection management, instruction, data security, data mining, and information literacy. In this study, authors try to design a practical model for academic libraries based on IoT devices to improve the quality of services, increase user’s satisfaction and reduce costs. Conclusion: It is expected that this new technology, in addition to improving services, can greatly reduce the additional costs of libraries and help the library get closer to green and environment-friendly libraries.

The purpose of the study is to explore the history and growth of the Indian LIS education system, its sustainability, and describe a critical review of recent UGC proposed Learning Outcomes-based Curriculum Framework (LOCF) syllabi. The formal LIS education which was started before independence with few universities currently witnessed a phenomenal growth of LIS departments/schools in the county. The structured questionnaire and survey methods were used to collect relevant data about availability of various courses and supplemented by searching websites and personal contacts. The findings of the study indicates that that 237 universities/colleges/ polytechnic institutes and professional associations found offering LIS education from six months certificate course to a doctoral research program. The survey revealed that at present B.A. (Hons.), B.Sc. (H), Dip. in LIS (3 years), CLIS, BLIS, MLIS, MLIS (two years integrated), PGDLAN, M. Phil., Ph.D., and D.Litt. courses are available in 31 states and UT of Indian universities/colleges in Library and Information Science. The study also finds that during the span of 20 years (2001-2020) 105 LIS departments came into existence primarily in private universities and colleges. The latest UGC proposed LOCF syllabi for BLIS also examined its acceptability and sustainability as a uniform model curriculum framework for the LIS departments in India, In addition, the study describes key issues, challenges and recommendations to enhance LIS education scenario.