مطالب

Adwaita Mallabarman’s (1914-1951) Titash Ekti Nadir Naam (1956), translated by Kalpana Bardhan as A River Called Titash (1993), Manik Bandyopadhyay’s (1908-1956) Padma Nadir Majhi (1936), translated by Ratan K. Chattopadhyay as A Boatman of the Padma (2012), and Syed Waliullah’s (1922-1971) Kando Nadi Kando (1968), translated by Osman Jamal as Cry, River, Cry (2015) are novels which portray the identity of the people of Bangladesh who live by the side of the rivers Titash, Padma, and Bakal. The biodiversity of these rivers was once resourceful, but they lost their flow because of the imbalance in the river ecosystems for siltation, drought, and deforestation. The lifestyles and identities of fishermen and people are greatly influenced by the change of river ecosystems. Different writers in Bengali literature have written about the changes of human life in connection with the flow of different big and small rivers. Mallabarman writes about fisherman (Malo) community who catch fish in the Titash; Bandyopadhyay portrays the identity of fishermen who catch fish in the Padma; and Waliullah writes about the farmers and the people who depend on the movement of steamers and live by the side of a tributary called Bakal. These three novelists show beautiful landscapes of Bengal in different seasons and also show how people become victims with the change of biodiversity and ecosystems. This paper explores the change of the ecosystem of the rivers Titash, Padma, and Bakal which change the lifestyle of the people who are dependent on them.

Objective: The food pattern in clinical practice has been considered in weight loss, lifestyle, and quality of life, which can lead in weight loss and affect lifestyle and quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of food pattern in predicting students' weight, lifestyle and quality of life.Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population was all students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in the academic year of 2016-2017. The sample size was considered 280 students selected randomly from the statistical population. To collect data, the Quality of Life Questionnaire World Health Organization's 1996 (IRQOL), Health Promotion Lifestyle Questionnaire Walker, Kerr, Pender and Sachrist (1990), and Nutrition Table were used, and SPSS 22 software was used to analyze the data. Pearson correlation and regression correlation tests were also used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that there was a significant correlation between food pattern and weight, lifestyle and quality of life (r=0.258, sig = 0.027, r = 0.057, sig = 0.000, and r=0.677, sig= 0.012 respectively).Conclusion: The finding showed that the component of food pattern can predict 60% of weight, but cannot be a good predictor of lifestyle and quality of life due to the insignificance of regression model.

This article investigates Deirdre Madden’s Time Present and Time Past through the lens of Marianne Hirsch’s theory of postmemory, focusing on the role of photographs in bridging gaps between generations and constructing narratives about traumatic events. Despite a societal inclination towards anti-nostalgia and a desire to forget past concerns in favor of newfound prosperity, the main characters deal with a past that intrudes into the present in a quasi-traumatic form. To assay such fractured identity formation in characters, characteristic of post Celtic Tiger Ireland, this article explores memories as one’s inseparable source of identity. As such, Marianne Hirsch’s notion of Postmemory will be used to understand the connection between traumatic memory-formation and identity formation shared among the survivors of catastrophic events. Such an abstract connection invites an examination of photography as a means to transfer meaning, memory, and identity from one generation to another, meditating the relationship between the past and the present. This article concludes by paying special attention to how postmemory works as a healthy means of grappling with unresolved traumas, leading the characters towards an ethical form of remembering the past.

English as a Foreign Language (EFL) University students usually write in their native tongue and translate it into English using Artificial Intelligence programs. The study evaluated the quality of translations generated by AI in one hand and investigated the impact of Artificial Intelligence Generated Translation (AIGT) on EFL students in another. A human translator and an AI tool were used to translate two sample texts from English into Persian. The texts were given to 30 EFL teachers to examine the quality of AI translations. In addition, 152 students randomly divided into control or experimental groups were exposed to translated texts. Results from an independent t-test showed that there was a negligible difference between the two groups. The qualitative analysis of the interview data that involved 30 participants revealed that language teachers perceived omission, addition, syntax and punctuation errors in AIGT as adequately acceptable, despite their prevalence. However, a majority of the teachers were dissatisfied with AIGT’s accuracy in rendering idiomatic expressions. Based on the results, EFL educators should acknowledge the prevalence and usefulness of AI among students, and aim to incorporate it effectively in their teaching instead of prohibiting its use.

The present study explored the effects of interactionist Dynamic Assessment (DA) and age on the writing accuracy of IELTS candidates. This research investigated the existence of an interactional effect between the age of learners and the type of treatment they received. First, 140 IELTS candidates were split into two age groups, adult and young. Each group was divided into two equal smaller groups, randomly assigned to two types of DA. All four groups took a writing pre-test. After a nine-session treatment of interactionist DA in study groups and interventionist DA in control groups, all groups took a writing post-test. The data collected during the post-test were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and compared with the pre-test data. The findings showed that implementation of interactionist DA significantly improved the learners’ writing accuracy while the learners’ age had no significant effect on their writing accuracy. With respect to the study findings, EFL teachers could use interactionist DA to enhance the accuracy of learners' writing skills by providing more opportunities for the learners to interact.