مطالب

The present study explained the role and responsibility of parents and schools in the sexual education of children through library studies and qualitative-descriptive research methods in this field. Child sexual education requires parents to know when, what and how to pass it on to their child. Some parents think that it is better to keep the child away from any sexual issues so that sexual thoughts do not develop in their minds, but sexual questions inevitably arise in the minds of children and the ignorance of parents and their inability to answer some questions of children cause children to get confused about sexual issues. Therefore, the most important issue for them is to grow up in a safe environment physically, mentally and emotionally. In the meantime, due to the prevalence of abnormalities and widespread factors that make sexual deviations more and more widespread, it is the suitable implementation of sexual education methods that requires children to be raised in a healthy environment based on religious supervision and education. Employing such methods also guide their sexual instincts in the right direction, and protect them from all kinds of abnormalities such as masturbation, thirst, oral and verbal sexual abuse, prostitution and pornography that lead to sexual perversion and harm.

The present investigation aimed to examine the impact of dynamic assessment on the acquisition of passive voice in a speaking context among Iranian intermediate EFL learners. To this end, forty intermediate-level learners from a Language Institute in Lahijan were randomly chosen to participate in the study through the administration of an OPT. The study employed a pre/post-test design with two participant groups: experimental and control. Speaking proficiency was assessed using four instruments: EIT, TGJT, UGJT, and a focused communication task, all administered orally. The experimental group engaged in task-based interactions with their interlocutors while receiving dynamic assessment interventions. Conversely, the control group completed the same tasks, but their instruction focused on explicit form correction. After the intervention phase, participants in both groups were administered a post-test of speaking proficiency. This post-test utilized the identical four measures employed in the pre-test. A battery of statistical analyses, encompassing t-tests and ANOVA with Pearson correlation coefficients, was conducted to assess group differences. The results yielded statistically significant differences in mean scores between the groups. These findings suggest that Dynamic Assessment (DA) may be a more effective intervention strategy than the Focus on Form approach. The study concludes by exploring the broader implications of these results for language learning pedagogy.

In a different context, the user's needs in a housing apartment are constantly changing; it is required that the provided house, by having flexibility, can always be responsive to the user's needs in various situations, which would be a challenge for specialized areas of housing, including design. To perform a flexible housing design, the architects face many different design solutions and variables, leading to confusion in this field. So, the objective of this study is to identify these variables and achieve an effective solution by considering their priority of them. The variables of this study were proposed in three scales of macro, medium, and micro according to the previous valid research studies in the field of flexible housing. Then, the variables have been evaluated using the specialist's idea through the Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM). The Friedman test has been used to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaires and achieve a valid ranking, which performs the ranking by calculating the mean rank for each variable. According to the results of data analysis, the characteristics of "spatial expansion and division," which means the possibility of space to be expanded (the expansion) or divided (the contraction), as the medium scale of housing design, has the greatest impact on the housing flexibility. On the macro scale, the "structure" component, and the micro-scale, the "use of flexible elements" provide the highest effectiveness in this regard. Moreover, as the medium scale, the modular design of space falls in the second place of influence compared to all other variables. Increasing the properties of spatial expansion and spatial division can be an effective design strategy for achieving flexibility in apartment housing. Also, modular space designing and flexible elements have been introduced as two solutions in the next priorities. All are considered small and medium scales and can be prioritized in designing flexible apartment housing.

The issue of asset pricing in the market is one of the most important and old issues in the financial world. Factor pricing models seek to be able to determine a significant relationship between return on assets based on the risk parameters of that asset. A wide range of factors can be found in the literature that can be an element for measuring the risk of an asset, but the big question is which of these models will work better. The factors studied in this research include factors that cover market risk, valuation risk, psychological (technical) market risk, profit quality risk, profitability, investment, etc. In this study, we have tried to Using machine learning techniques and optimization tools is a way to derive adaptive-robust nonlinear models that can reduce the risk of model error as much as possible. In this research, two models have been developed. In the first model, using the feature extraction technique and optimization of models based on neural network, a non-linear and adaptable model has been developed for each asset. In the second approach, a portfolio of improved neural network-based models is used in the first stage, which can be used to minimize the risk of model error and achieve a model that is resistant to different market conditions. Finally, it can be seen that the development of these models can significantly improve the risk of error and average error of the model compared to traditional CAPM approaches and the Fama and French three-factor model.

Examining the importance and influence of financial market companies is one of the main issues in the field of financial management because sometimes the collapse of a stock exchange company can affect an entire financial market. One systematic way to analyze the significance and impacts of companies is to use complex networks based on Interaction Graphs (IGs). There are different methods for quantifying the edge weight in an IG. In this method, the graph vertices represent the stock exchange companies that are connected by weighted edges (corresponding to the extent to which they relate to each other). In this paper, using the GARCH model (1,1) and the Clayton copula, we obtained the lower tail dependence interaction network of the first 52 companies of the Tehran Stock Exchange in terms of average market value, between June 2017 and October 2020. Then, based on the minimum spanning tree of the interaction network, we divided the companies into different communities. Using this classification, it was observed that the companies of the first group (Food Industry) and the second group (Oil Refinery) have the greatest impact on other companies. We also calculated the central indexes of the minimum spanning tree for each company. According to the results, the companies of the third group (Steel) have the highest average in the central indicators.