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Objective: Marital infidelity is one of the most significant threats to the stability of marital relationships and a leading cause of divorce across various cultures. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on self-compassion and experiential avoidance in women who have experienced marital infidelity. Methods: The current research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, involving experimental and control groups and a three-month follow-up. All women who had experienced marital infidelity and attended psychotherapy and counseling clinics in Tehran during the year 2021-2022 constituted the statistical population of this study, from which 30 were selected via convenience sampling based on the inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to two equal groups of 15. Data were collected using the Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003) and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - Second Version (Bond et al., 2007). Participants in the experimental group received 8 sessions of intervention. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance with SPSS version 26. Findings: The mean self-compassion score and its dimensions in the experimental group significantly improved post-intervention compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Cognitive-behavioral therapy was beneficial in reducing experiential avoidance in the experimental group, unlike the control group (p < 0.05). The effects of this therapeutic program on dependent variables continued during the three-month follow-up period (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral exercises can be used as an effective intervention method to improve the cognitive-emotional status of women who have experienced marital infidelity.

Aim: The family is the most basic and durable social-emotional unit that plays an important role in the entire development of a person and establishes her personality. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of religious coping strategies in the relationship between psychological capital and the ability to forgive with family strength. Method: The research method is descriptive and correlation type, which was done using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research was all married employees with children in the executive bodies of Rasht; 400 people (200 men and 200 women) were randomly selected. To collect data, Pargament et al.'s religious coping strategies, Luthans' psychological capital, Ray's forgiveness, colleagues' questionnaires, and Sham et al.'s family strength scale were used. SPSS26 and AMOS24 software were used for data analysis and model fitting, and the bootstrap method in the MACRO program was used by Preacher and Hayes to investigate the role of mediating variables. Results: The research results showed that the proposed research model has a favorable fit. Psychological capital(P=0.001, β=0.155)  and the ability to forgive(P=0.003, β=0.139) have a direct effect on family strength, and Psychological capital(P=0.001, β=0.0745) and the ability to forgive(P=0.006, β=0.0655)  have an indirect effect on family empowerment through positive religious coping strategy. Also, a negative religious coping strategy does not mediate the relationship between psychological capital(P=0.210, β=0.0169) and the ability to forgive(P=0.0144, β=0.396) with family empowerment. Conclusion: Therefore, this conceptual model can be used in the process of family counseling interventions and couple therapy to improve the quality of life as well as the strength of the family

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and emotion-focused therapy on attachment patterns, communication patterns, and lifestyle of incompatible couples who referred to counseling centers. Methods: This study is applied research in nature and quasi-experimental in execution, utilizing a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all couples with incompatible spouses who referred to counseling centers (Behesht Counseling Center) in Isfahan in 2022. From this population, 45 individuals were selected using convenience and purposive sampling and divided into three groups: two experimental groups (each with 15 participants) and one control group (15 participants). The first experimental group underwent Goodwin's positive psychotherapy (2018) in ten sessions, and the second experimental group underwent Johnson's emotion-focused therapy (2006) in eight sessions. The questionnaires used in this study were Hazan and Shaver's Attachment Questionnaire (1987), Christensen and Sullaway's Communication Patterns Questionnaire (1984), and Miller-Smith's Lifestyle Questionnaire (2003). Findings: Using covariance analysis, the results indicated that, after controlling for pre-test levels, there were significant differences between the experimental and control groups of incompatible couples in terms of attachment patterns (secure, avoidant-insecure, and ambivalent-insecure), communication patterns (constructive mutual), communication pattern (demand/withdraw), communication pattern (avoidant), and lifestyle. The effect size was 0.48 for emotion-focused therapy. Similarly, significant differences were observed for positive psychotherapy with an effect size of 0.41. There was a significant difference in the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and emotion-focused therapy on attachment patterns (secure, avoidant-insecure, and ambivalent-insecure). Conclusion: Overall, the results indicate that emotion-focused therapy has a greater impact on attachment patterns (secure, avoidant-insecure, and ambivalent-insecure) compared to positive psychotherapy. Significant differences were also observed in the impact on communication patterns (constructive mutual, demand/withdraw, and avoidant) and lifestyle, with emotion-focused therapy showing a greater effect.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral family therapy on marital attributions, sexual assertiveness, and gender stereotypes with insecure attachment styles in Rasht. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design including a control group. The statistical population consisted of all student couples with insecure attachment styles in Rasht in 2023. A total sample of 30 couples (15 couples per experimental and control group, each group consisting of an equal number of couples with insecure attachment styles) was selected through purposive sampling after meeting the inclusion criteria. The questionnaires used to collect data from the sample group included: Griffin and Bartholomew's Relationship Scales Questionnaire (1994), Fincham and Bradbury's Marital Attributions Questionnaire (1992), Bem's Gender Stereotypes Questionnaire (1974), and Halbert's Sexual Assertiveness Questionnaire (1992). Statistical data analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance with SPSS software. Findings: The results showed a significant difference in the mean scores of marital attributions, sexual assertiveness, and gender stereotypes based on group membership (experimental and control) at the post-test stage (P<0.01). Conclusion: It can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral family therapy is an effective method for addressing marital attributions, sexual assertiveness, and gender stereotypes in individuals with insecure attachment styles.

  Objective : This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Transactional Analysis Therapy on the quality of life and anxiety in children diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methods : A quasi-experimental design, utilizing a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group, was employed. The statistical population comprised students with ADHD in exceptional schools in Rasht during the 2023-2024 academic year. A total of 30 participants were selected using purposive sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Research instruments included Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The experimental group received 8 one-hour sessions of Transactional Analysis Therapy, while the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and Tukey's post-hoc test via SPSS software, with a significance level set at p<.01. Results : The findings indicated that Transactional Analysis Therapy had a significant positive effect on improving both anxiety and quality of life in the experimental group (p<.01). These positive effects were maintained during the two-month follow-up phase. Conclusion : It can be concluded that Transactional Analysis Therapy is effective in enhancing the quality of life and reducing anxiety in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: The present study aimed to design an educational package based on Motivational Interviewing, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Compassion-Focused Therapy and evaluate its effectiveness on alexithymia and quality of life in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in Tehran. Method: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a control group and pre-test, post-test, and follow-up assessments. Forty women with MS, who visited the MS Association in Tehran Province from October to February 2021, were selected based on research criteria through purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to two groups (using a random number table). After random assignment, one of the groups was randomly designated as the experimental group, receiving the researcher-developed integrative treatment package, and the other as the control group (n=20). The data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (Bagby, Taylor, & Parker, 1994), and the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 Instrument (Ware et al., 1988). Data were collected at three stages: baseline, post-intervention, and three-month follow-up. The research hypotheses were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests. Findings: The results of this study indicated that the educational package based on Motivational Interviewing, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Compassion-Focused Therapy significantly improved alexithymia (F=24.31, P<0.001) and quality of life (F=22.67, P<0.001) in women with MS. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the educational package based on Motivational Interviewing, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Compassion-Focused Therapy is effective in improving alexithymia and quality of life in women with MS.

Objective: This study seeks to validate and standardize the extended version of the knowledge of parenting strategies scale (KOPSS) among Iranian citizens. Methods:  This paper is a descriptive measure validation study, which falls in the category of quantitative research. The statistical population consisted of Iranian parents with children aged 3-12, living together. Thirty parents were selected through convenience sampling and were tested using the Persian KOPSS in order to estimate the standard deviation of the total KOPSS score and obtain the sample size for validation and standardization (n=725). Then, thirty parents were studied at an interval of three weeks to calculate the test-retest reliability. Furthermore, 330 other parents were selected through convenience sampling to measure internal consistency reliability and concurrent criterion validity. To calculate concurrent criterion validity, the Persian KOPSS scores were correlated with the scores of Robinson’s Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). To obtain the standardized scores and percentile ranks of the raw Persian KOPSS scores, an online survey was conducted on 725 eligible parents (including 532 mothers and 193 fathers). Results: The correlation of the total Persian KOPSS-20 score with the PSDQ sub-scales was found to be larger than 0.40 (0.417-0.508). The standardized KOPSS-20 was obtained by converting the raw scores into normed z and T-scores and calculating the percentile ranks of the entire group (n=725). Conclusion: KOPSS-20 was found to yield reproducible and reliable results with satisfactory validity coefficients.