درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The present article studies the issue of nationality in Iran’s law and then analyze the conflict of nationality and seeks for international solutions. Methodology: The present research is applied in terms of purpose and content analysis method. In the organization of research, the documentary and library methods have been used and the information analysis has been obtained qualitatively and based on the inference of the researcher on the sources and texts. Findings: A positive conflict of nationality laws occurs when a person has two nationalities at the same time, and a negative conflict of nationality happens when no state treats a person as its own national. As a solution to the positive conflict of laws, the Iranian government states that a person who acquires a new nationality without the permission of the government is recognized as Iranian national, and he will be recognized as a foreigner if the request for foreign nationality is accepted. However, they have retained the right to withdraw the nationality of their own state if they have acquired a foreign nationality without the permission of the government. Conclusion: In the context of the negative conflict of nationality, the Iranian governments, under the title of repayment, granted the right to their former national to return to their primary nationality. Regarding the positive conflict of nationality, Iran and the majority of international tribunals consider that the person is a national of the state whose nationality is dominant and effective.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was Presentation of Competency Model Needed by Elementary Education Graduates of Farhangian University based on the theory Deliberative Inquiry. The method of qualitative research, type of phenomenology and content analysis, was a statistical society of faculty members in the field of curriculum and all scientific sources and documents. Method: The semi-structured interview data collection method and the use of checklist and encoding were used. Also, for interpreting the data, an interpretative analysis method was used. Findings: The results of the research show that the experts of the curriculum have considered contemplative, developing thinking, arts and aesthetics, perception, problem solving, decision making, skill orientation, and professional development. Conclusion: Accordingly, four main curriculum elements Flexibly, including educational goals, educational content, teaching methods and evaluation, were analyzed and the optimal model of elementary curriculum for teacher students of Farhangian University was designed in 3 main areas of knowledge, attitude and ability (skill), and was evaluated and validated The validation results show that the proposed pattern is relatively favorable.

Background: Article 5 Commission of Iran’s Supreme Council for Urban Development and Architecture is a quasi-judicial authority that has a close connection with the rights of citizens. It has composed a part of the claims that most of the related lawsuits are of great importance with great amounts. There is a certain procedure for the authorities, such as the Dispute Resolution Council, which deals with claims under 20 million toman, but unfortunately, for there is no such a procedure for important cases of municipal commissions, including Article 5 Commission. Therefore, according to Article 170 of the Constitution, natural or legal entities may request the annulment of the matter against governmental and municipal regulations in the General Board of the Court. In this respect, the owners whose rights are not observed in accordance with the rules and regulations can complain to the Supreme Council's decisions in the General Board of the Court and thereby request the annulment of the Article 5 Commission’s approvals. Methodology and Objective: In the present article, the authors will review the annulment of the approvals of Article 5 Commission of Iran’s Supreme Council for Urban Development and Architecture by the Administrative Justice Court, using an analytical-descriptive research methodology as a library study through note-making method. Findings and Conclusions: In the review of the annulled approvals, it can be found that failure to observe the proprietary and the acquired rights of individuals established by the Supreme Council and Article 5 Commission during the recent years may lead to the outcome of complaints by the owners and the annulment of approvals. Finally, the annulment of the Article 5 Commission’s approvals by the Administrative Justice Court can be summarized in the following four major factors: 1. The approvals for delegating the authorities of the Article 5 Commission; 2. The approvals contrary to the urban development principles of the Article 5 Commission; 3. The approvals contrary to the Sharia of Islam; 4. The Gratuitous possession Approvals of the Article 5 Commission of Iran’s Supreme Council for Urban Development and Architecture.

Purpose: The research is conducted to provide a model for improving the students' satisfaction from governmental and non-governmental universities in Zanjan province. Methodology: The research method is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) exploratory-confirmatory. The statistical population of this research is of higher education professionals active in governmental and non-governmental universities in the qualitative section. Purposive sampling method by using snowball technique and applying theoretical saturation grounded theory of semi-structured interviews for 20 experts was used. The statistical population of the quantitative part of the research included all active students in public universities and nongovernmental universities in the second semester of the academic year 2017-2018. The data collection method of the quantitative section is a researcher-made survey questionnaire. Findings: Final model -which consists of dimensions (educational, research, administrative /financial, welfare, cultural, political, technology, virtual, and international), and 23 components and 70 indices about the field of improvement of the student satisfaction- was confirmed by the results of the research. Conclusion: The results showed that all these factors should be addressed in Improving the Students Satisfaction.