درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Women entrepreneurs use virtual social networks in their professional relationships. These relationships with higher quality leads to better performance in their businesses. The present study aimed to analyze the effects of virtual social networks on improving rural women’s entrepreneurship. The statistical population of the study included all members of the Agricultural Development Specialized Holding Companies in Fars province in Iran. The study was conducted using survey and stratified random sampling methods with 269 individuals participated via questionnaires. The results indicated that virtual social networks had a favorable effect on rural women’s businesses. There was a significant difference between women in the different studied counties regarding the effects of virtual social networks on business. In addition, a significant difference was observed between women in various groups regarding the effect of virtual social networks on business. In addition, greater effect of virtual social networks on women’s businesses led to higher business resilience among the women entrepreneur and their businesses, which resulted in increasing the women’s information about business activities and their entrepreneurial activities in their businesses. Further, more use of social networks by the women led to more use of marketing methods and strategies. Therefore, it is suggested that Agricultural Development Specialized Holding Companies use the functions of virtual social networks in order to information transfer, networking and online training for members when necessary. Also provide the necessary training in the application of appropriate marketing methods and strategies to rural women entrepreneurs using these networks.

The increasing concern of consumers about the quality and safety of agricultural products all over the world has caused organic products to become one of the most popular options for healthy. The increasing trend and consumption of organic agricultural products has led to the increasing growth of the market of these products in the last two decades. Due to the importance of entering and gaining a share of this growing market, this study investigates the factors affecting the international organic products market entry and determines the appropriate strategy for entering it using structural equation modeling. The data of this study was obtained by collecting 90 questionnaires from producers of organic saffron, pistachio, and raisin products in the year 2021 with available sampling method in Khorasan Razavi province. The obtained results indicate that the variables of risk and motivation to enter the international market directly and the production and marketing ownership indirectly and through influencing the motivation to enter the international market, influence the international market entry strategy. Based on this, the appropriate strategy for entering the international market of organic products, indirect, cooperative and non-attendance strategies such as indirect export, contract production and joint investment was obtained. Therefore, it is suggested that the government should remove or reduce the risks caused by sanctions and obstacles to enter the market for the direct presence of organic product producers in international markets.

The purpose of this article is to simulate the behavior pattern of shareholders in the Iran’s capital market according to the monetary policies of the Central Bank of Iran. The research method in the first stage was qualitative (interview) and in the second part it was quantitative (statistical and inferential tests). According to the purpose of the research, the research method was of fundamental-applied type and based on the research method of survey type. The statistical population of the research consists of the shareholders of the Tehran Stock Exchange, whose number was about 650 stock companies until the end of the fiscal year 2023. Semi-structured interviews with experts of this market have been used to identify model indicators. Then, by coding the data obtained from the interviews, a research questionnaire was designed. Finally, to extract the model from the factor-based model (ABM) using the exploratory factor analysis method, Netlogo software was used for simulation. The investigated period can be divided into three periods without applying a targeted monetary policy to control the behavior of shareholders. The first period is the period when economic variables such as exchange rate, inflation rate and interest rate are constant. In this situation, the number of buyers in the capital market has increased and purchases have taken place in this market (in this purchase, the share of emotional buyers is higher). In the second period, when inflation decreases and the interest rate remains the same, the number of shareholders in the market is reduced, but purchases still occur, but the share of volatile buyers is higher in this period. In the third period, when the inflation rate and the interest rate both increase, with the greater effect of expansionary policies (increasing the volume of money) than the increase in the interest rate, the number of shareholders and the amount of purchases increase. The study of the behavior of shareholders and their buying and selling in this market indicates that the profit from the buying and selling of volatile shareholders in the period under review is more than that of emotional shareholders and shareholders who hold their shares for a while in order to gain profit with a long-term view. The results indicate that due to uncertainty, this market, which has the nature of long-term financing, has lost its function and the shareholders' view of this market is short-term profit.