درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: This research aims to investigate the quadruplet role of modern media (education, informing, making social participation, and culturing) on the development of Zurkhaneh sport. Method: This research is applicable in terms of objectives and is descriptive research in terms of data gathering methods. The statistical society of this research includes the athletes, experts, and activists of sports media in the context of the Zurkhaneh sport. Because the exact number of this society was not clear, the number of 384 persons were selected by random sampling. Its measuring tool was the researcher-made questionnaire that 12 professors and experts approved its content validity and its reliability was calculated using the compound reliability (Dillon – Goldstein) and was about 0.82. In addition, the SPSS software was used to analyze the data and PLS software was used to preset the model. Results: The results show that the “informing” factor had the maximum role in developing the Zurkhaneh sport with the factor loading of about 0.93. The other factor that had many roles in developing the Zurkhaneh sport was the “social participation” with the factor loading of about 0.91. The “education” factor with the factor loading of about 0.90 was in third place and the last factor was the “culturing” with the factor loading of about 0.90. Conclusions: According to the results of this research, it could be stated that modern media have obtained such power in the communication era that could affect public opinion. Therefore, the potentials of the modern media and their infinite capacity can be used by proper and correct operational planning to make great movements in developing various aspects of Zurkhaneh sport inside and outside of the country.

This study aimed to determine the university students’ level of social presence, preferred synchronous learning tool, and learning performance and their differences according to sex, age, year, major, Blackboard experience, and perceived computer literacy. The relationship between students’ social presence, preferred synchronous tool, and learning performance was also determined. The respondents were 29 students enrolled in the ESL online elective class, Global Business Communication, at a university in South Korea. There were two sets of online surveys used in this study. The statistical tools used in this study were the mean, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, Mann-Whitney Test, and Kruskal-Wallis Test. The results showed that the students maintained a Moderately High level of social presence throughout the duration of the course, chose KakaoTalk as their preferred synchronous learning tool, and concluded the course with an overall average grade, or learning performance level of “B”. There was a significant difference regarding the students’ learning performance when they were classified according to Blackboard experience; and no significant relationship existed between the students’ social presence, preferred synchronous tool, and learning performance.

The present study aimed to investigate the concept of “Teacher Education” from a hermeneutic point of view. This view was selected since there were rare cases in the whole literature related to teacher education. On the other hand, defining a hermeneutic model could be expected to provide a more objective and tangible of teacher education nature and its configuration in the minds of those who directly deal with or discuss it. The main question for which this study tried to find an answer was whether it was possible to present a hermeneutic model for giving an operational definition to teacher education. To answer the question, the study followed a survey-qualitative methodology: first the concept of teacher education was investigated through archival scrutiny and its definition deficiencies were determined. Next, the same procedure was followed for the hermeneutics concept. The data of the study were analyzed via non-statistical comparative analysis, and it was concluded that it was possible to define teacher education hermeneutically; however, the vastness of the issue needed more survey.