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Tourism industry is a suitable substitute for oil trade and is a proper ground for “resistant economy”. Tourism industry as one of the main economic activities has relationship with most of economic parts. Expansion of the domain and level of security in the society in all tourism fields and levels, has caused a safe and proper situation for developing tourism industry. Since, the tourism industry is very sensitive to the security of region while the domain and amount of their reaction according to security providing and security threatening components is more than other industries and individuals in the area. By contrast, the tourism industry contributes to the improvement of the community's security through the promotion of various economic, cultural, social and ... indicators, each of which affects the security of the community. The present paper seeks to focus on the relationship between two domains of tourism industry and security by conducting the necessary surveys to find out the relations between tourism industry and security which states hypothesis “Strengthening the security components of the organization and the development of tourism industry have a direct relationship with each other.” writer used analytical methods and proposes his own suggestions for improving the relationship between these two components.

Muslim exegetes have long sought to discover the wise secrets, rhetorical points, and explicit or implicit messages embedded in the expressions and structures of the Quranic text. In addition to the common methods of using lexicological approaches, Arabic morphology and syntax, ancient Arabic poetry or narrating the exegetical sayings from the prophet''s Companions to literally interpret explicit meanings of Quranic words, they sometimes appealed to intellectual methods in order to extract implicit and implied meanings hidden in some Quranic verses. In modern times, most of these technics and methods have been classified and introduced in various branches of linguistics. One of the relatively new branches of linguistics which concerns inferring implied, and intended meanings out of the utterances is pragmatics. The present study aims at conducting a comparison between the newly developed elements of pragmatics and some of the medieval Quranic commentaries which applied those elements. In this regard, three much discussed elements of presupposition, entailment and conventional implicature have been selected and then a number of old Quranic exegetes in which these three elements have been indirectly used are introduced. The study indicates that Muslim commentators of the medieval era were aware of these technics and extensively used them in their works.

Purpose: The Purpose of this paper is to explain the nature and process of digital transformation.Methodology: Its methodology is based on a structured literature review (SLR) and searching scientific sites and specialized resources. One roadmap model, six maturity assessment models, three digital business model transformation approaches and eight digital transformation frameworks are explained interpretively.Findings: Digital transformation is  a strategy and an operating model change, in which technological advancements are leveraged to improve human experiences and operating efficiencies and to evolve the products and services to which customers will remain loyal. A review of research in this field shows that the nature of digital transformation depends on knowledge and knowledge is formed as a valuable asset in people's minds. Therefore, the role of human resources in creating and achieving the transformation is important and fundamental. Findings show that no digital transformation is only technological, it is organizational and requires its own planning, resources and rules. It is clear that we need a model in this kind of transformation journey. Staff capital and its empowerment by knowledge and fundamental requirements are important for success in the digital transformation program. Transformation in culture, in structure, in processes and methods, along with the benefits of the frontier technologies, will lead to a dramatic transformation in the field of business. The environment of organizations is changing faster and has become more volatile, uncertain and complex than in the past. Rapid changes in competition, demand, technology and regulations make it more important than ever for organizations to be able to respond and adapt to their environment. In this context, the pressure on firms to align their business strategy with the technological changes in the environment has significantly increased with the emergence and growing importance of new digital technologies, such as Social Media, Cloud Computing, Big Data and Analytics, Embedded Devices, 3D-Printing, the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence. They are profoundly transforming the strategic context of organizations: changing the structure of competition, the behavior and expectations of customers, the way business is conducted, the way products are manufactured and services are delivered, the way of working and, ultimately, entire industries. The growth of technology, in addition to transforming organizational boundaries, has also improved knowledge sharing. As the results indicate, the digital age refers to a time in history when the use of digital technology was generalized throughout the world. We are on the verge of a technological revolution that will fundamentally change the way we live, work and communicate with each other. In terms of scale, scope, and complexity, this transformation will be different from what mankind has already experienced.Conclusion: Digital transformation has affected the work processes of individuals in organizational environments. New methods in combining digital innovations and intensifying inter-organizational collaboration are among the key features of success. Because the goal of digital transformation is a business transformation, it requires different organizational elements, which are explained in the frameworks, to work together like a piece of music in a concert with different instruments played harmoniously and simultaneously

This study, contrary to the conventional research on PCK, which attempted to enhance the teachers’ PCK and single out its driving factors, aims to use PCK as an outcome-based lens for evaluating Iranian EFL teachers’ programs. To this end, two current EFL teacher-education programs (i.e., State and Islamic Azad universities on the one hand and Farhnagian Teacher Education University on the other), each with its specific approach to developing EFL teachers’ PCK, were selected. Along with administering a glocally developed and validated PCK questionnaire among 263 student-teachers, this study ran a one-on-one semi-structured interview with 80 student-teachers to capture a crystal-clear evaluation of the outcomes the programs were to cultivate. The results of running qualitative and MANOVA analysis methods showed the student-teachers trained in the program with a more finely-tuned PCK instruction, which was accompanied by four continuous courses of teaching internship, were more cognizant of the role of PCK in their professional development and enjoyed a statistically significant index of developed PCK. Although there existed some similarities between these programs in terms of reviewing high school English course books, evaluation and assessment, and applying technology in teaching English, student-teachers in both programs were not completely aware of different components of PCK, including curriculum design and materials development, language teachers’ technological knowledge, and professional development. The results imply that content knowledge, PCK, and internship should be fettered together. The findings suggest that EFL teachers’ PCK can be applied as an effective lens for delving deeply into teacher training programs.