درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stability (DNS) training on performance (lower limb strength, flexibility, fall risk) and quality of life in the elderly. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. This research was performed on 30 elderly males, aged 60-70 years in Qom Province, Iran in 2021. The examined elderly were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups (n=15/group). Furthermore, the experimental group participated in three 45-minute weekly sessions of DNS training for 6 weeks. To collect the necessary information before and after applying the training protocol, tint tests, 30-second seat sitting test, sitting and delivery test, TUG test, and SF-36 questionnaire were used. The obtained data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and Paired Samples t-test at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The ANCOVA results indicated a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in motor function, fall risk, quality of life, lower limb strength, and flexibility (P<0.05). The collected mean scores outlined that the experimental group performed better than the control group. Conclusion: Due to the effectiveness of DNS training on physical function and the very high importance of the elderly lifestyle, it is recommended that the provided training protocol be used for prevention and rehabilitation, increase the level of physical fitness and quality of life as a low-cost treatment, among the elderly.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of professional ethics in the relationship of the organizational culture with social responsibility and the organizational commitment in sports organizations. 201 staff of sport and youth departments in Esfahan province completed the research questionnaires through stratified random sampling approach according to geographical distribution. For data analysis, structural equation modeling by Lisrel software was used. Results showed that organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, by coefficient of 0.36, indirectly according to professional ethics mediator variable and on social responsibility by coefficient of 0.37. According to the research findings the mediator role of professional ethics variable as well as the research conceptual model was confirmed. 

Competency of managers plays a critical role in the success of the organizations. The aim of this study was to investigate the competency of managers of Sports and Youth Offices in Alborz, Iran. 134 managers and staff of Sport and youth offices completed the researcher-developed questionnaire. Two questionnaires with 50 questions were used to get the research data, one questionnaire completed by managers and the other completed by staff. For validity, the questionnaires content were approved by 10 sports management experts, and their reliability were confirmed by Cronbachs alpha, respectively, 0.83 for the managers questionnaire and 0.90 for the staff questionnaire. Friedman, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, and t-test were conducted to test the research hypotheses. Result of the study shows that there is a significant difference between managers and Staff concerning communication skills, decision-making, encouragement, business communication, leadership, team development, and deployment of positive feature of the managers.

Introduction: The aim of present study was to determine the effect of biofeedback training on electrical activity of trapezius muscles and range of motion in people with shoulder impingement syndrome. Martials and Methods: In this study, 20 patients with shoulder impingement syndrome in age range of 20-40 y were selected as the statistical sample and were divided into experimental (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The experimental group trained by using EMG biofeedback for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. The control group was applied only for pre-test and posttest measurements. For data collection, surface electromyography was used to analyze the muscle activity patterns of trapezius muscles (upper, middle, lower), and a goniometer was executed to evaluate the flexion. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to confirm the normality of the data and covariance analysis test was applied to compare pre-test and post-test. Correlated t-test was used to examine within-group changes. Results: In this study, after 8 weeks of biofeedback training in the experimental group, a significant improvement in the electrical activity of the middle trapezius (P=0.000) and lower trapezius muscles (P=0.016) was observed. In addition, a significant improvement in the amount of flexion range of motion (P=0.000) was indicated in the experimental group compared to the pretest and also the control group (P=0.05). However, no significant difference was shown in the muscle activity of the upper trapezius muscle (P=0.776). Conclusion: The present study showed that biofeedback training is effective to improve the electrical activity of trapezius muscle and flexion in people with SIS.

The musculoskeletal and support systems along with biomechanical factors lead to tissue adaptations in the skeletal, musculoskeletal and nervous systems, resulting in changes in movement pattern. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tactile feedback along with corrective exercises on the degree of thoracic kyphosis in people with Hyperkyphosis . Twenty patients with postural kyphosis greater than 42 were selected voluntarily and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. In the pre-test and post-test, the degree of kyphosis of both groups was measured using a flexible ruler. In the intervention phase, both groups performed corrective exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week and each session for 30 to 45 minutes. With this difference, the experimental group received tactile feedback, but the control group did not receive any feedback. The results of 2-factor analysis of variance showed that tactile feedback along with corrective exercises (D = -12%) compared to corrective exercises (D = -8%) led to a reduction in kyphosis in people with Hyperkyphosis (P = 0.018).It seems that tactile feedback with changes in sensory inputs can be an effective complement to corrective exercises to reduce the degree of kyphosis.