درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose- Since the development of entrepreneurial activities in rural areas reduces many initial costs, and because the agricultural production is centered in rural areas, agricultural graduates can make closer and easier relationships with beneficiaries. Therefore, the current research was conducted aimed at analyzing the rural entrepreneurial intentions of agricultural students of Hamadan University based on the extended theory of planned behavior. Design/methodology/implications- The population of the study were all senior agricultural students of Bu Ali Sina University, Hamadan (N = 420). The simple random sampling method and Krejcie and Morgan table were used respectively to sample the research population and to determine the sample size (n = 200). A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. To verify the reliability of the research tool, a pilot study and the calculation of the ordinal theta coefficient were also conducted. Findings- The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the indicators used to measure the latent attributes studied in this research are consistent with the factor structure and the theoretical basis of the research. The results showed that three main components of TPB (attitude, perceived behavioral control and social norms) had a positive and significant effect on rural entrepreneurial intentions of students, which predicts 51% of the variance of rural entrepreneurial intentions. In addition, adding six entrepreneurial skills to the model, the predictive power of TPB increased by 19%. Research limitations/implications- One of the most important limitations was the accurate assessment of the entrepreneurial skills. Practical implications- Considering the interaction of motivational and skill components, it can be inferred that students’ confidence in their entrepreneurial abilities and skills in order to launch and manage a new business gives them the power to have creative intentions and decisions to start a new activity. Originality/value- This study contributed to integrate skills and behavioral components for improving the rural entrepreneurial intentions of agricultural students. The results contribute to enriching the literature on rural entrepreneurial intention. This study documents the entrepreneurial intention and skills as important precursors to students’ decision to create new agricultural business.

Due to people's searching for a unique new destination to pass their holidays and release for a while, the province of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiyari in Iran is one of the top touristic destinations in which a combination of huge natural beauty and rich history due to the nomadic lifestyle has made this province as a potential region for eco-tourism development, however this province has not a high volume of tourism flow at this time. To remove this shortcoming of tourism market in the area, in this study a baseline analysis of current situation of tourism industry has been done through in-depth interviews with the main stakeholders in eco-tourism market in the province. The potentials of tourism market in the area have been reviewed through SWOT analysis technique. The results will provide the tourism decision makers the main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The main strengths and opportunities of the province is related to environmental and cultural issues due to its unique vast natural environment and nomadic lifestyle, however the main weaknesses and threats of the tourism destination is related to political and technological issues due to global sanctions of Iran and lack of sufficient infrastructure for eco-tourism.

Iran, as one of the preventive (health) tourism regions and hubs of the world, has potential preventive and health capacities. On the other hand, health tourism brings three times more currency than other areas of tourism, so it is necessary to recognize the factors affecting the attraction of health tourists in different regions of Iran. According to 9 tourist regions in this article, which include region 1 (separately 5 land management regions, which are regions 2 (East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil and Kurdistan), region 5 (Fars, Bushehr, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad), region 8 (Yazd, Kerman, Sistan and Baluchestan and Hormozgan), region 1 (Gilan, Mazandaran, Golestan and Semnan) and region 3 (Hamedan, Kermanshah, Lorestan and Ilam) which in terms of health in areas with natural resources and suitable climate Comparative advantage and priority (regions 2, 1, 3, 5 and 8), preventive tourism demand (health) was estimated by the almost ideal demand method. Based on the opinion of 226 preventive health tourists in 5 land management areas, the sensitivity of foreign preventive tourism demand (health) to the effective factors and types of health tourism expenditures is measured. The results in all 5 preventive tourism areas indicate the sensitivity of foreign tourists to various macro factors such as inflation and exchange rates, the amount of personal income can be captured. In addition, the variables of relative prices (exchange rate), transportation and travel costs, medical facilities, standard accommodation, health tourism facilities, accommodation costs, health services prices, cooperation between tourism agencies and medical centers are all It affects the demand of tourists. Also, foreign tourists are highly sensitive to costs and preventive expenses in Iran and less sensitive to other expenses such as transportation and accommodation services and other expenses.