درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

زبان شناسی

حوزه‌های تخصصی
ادبیات اقتصاد تاریخ تربیت بدنی جغرافیا حقوق روانشناسی زبان شناسی علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی علوم اجتماعی علوم اسلامی علوم انسانی علوم تربیتی علوم سیاسی فلسفه و منطق مدیریت مطالعات زنان هنر و معماری
زبان شناسی چیست؟ زبان شناسی کاربردی زبان شناسی نظری سیر تحول زبان شناسی (تاریخچه) علوم مرتبط میان رشته ای ها نقد و بررسی کتاب
ترتیب بر اساس: جدیدترینپربازدیدترین
فیلترهای جستجو: فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۱۰٬۴۸۱ تا ۱۰٬۵۰۰ مورد از کل ۱۰٬۶۸۷ مورد.
۱۰۴۸۱.

شبکه معنایی در زبان لاری(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: زبان فارسی و گویش های ایرانی سال ۹ بهار و تابستان ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۱ (شماره ۱۷) 31 - 61

کلیدواژه‌ها: معناشناسی واژگانی واژگان ذهنی روابط مفهومی شبکه معنایی زبان لاری

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۰ تعداد دانلود : ۴۸
پژوهش حاضر می کوشد تا روابط مفهومیِ موجود بین واژه های زبان لاری، ادامه زبان فارسی میانه و یکی از زبان های ایرانیِ در حال انقراض را که در شهرستان لار، استان فارس، تکلم می شود، در چارچوب معنا شناسی واژگانی بررسی و بخشی از شبکه معنایی آن را برای نخستین بار تعیین کند. بدین منظور 2500 واژه از 5000 واژه اصیلِ گردآوری شده اقتداری (1371) که با حرف «ل» (لاری) مشخص شده اند، به عنوان داده های پژوهش، استخراج  و براساس موضوع دسته بندی شدند و روابطِ مفهومیِ موجود بین آن ها تعیین گردید. سپس، تعداد و درصد واژه های شرکت کننده در این روابط، تعیین و در هر رابطه طرحی برای شبکه معنایی این زبان ارایه گردید. نتایج نشان می دهد که در این زبان روابطِ مفهومیِ شمول معنایی، هم معنایی، چندمعنایی، هم آوا-هم نویسی، هم نویسی، تقابل معنایی، تباین معنایی، جز ء واژگی، عضوواژگی و واحدواژگی وجود دارد که از این میان، شمول معنایی بیشترین و تباین معنایی کمترین بسامد وقوع را دارد. به علاوه، موردی از هم آوایی نیز یافت نمی شود که نشانگر ابهام کمتر نسبت به فارسی معیار در زبان لاری باشد. همچنین، شبکه معنایی زبان لاری منحصربه فرد و بخش اعظم آن دارای نظمِ سلسله مراتبی است و در بخش هایی نیز به صورت ناهمگن است. 
۱۰۴۸۲.

The Impact of Mixed Planning on the Accuracy of Iranian Learners’ Oral Performance(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۱, No. ۳, fall ۲۰۰۸ 177 - 203

کلیدواژه‌ها: Accuracy pre-task planning on-line planning Pre/On-Line Planning oral performance

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۰ تعداد دانلود : ۵۵
This study set out to explore the impact of three levels of task planning on the accuracy of task-based oral performance with narrative task types among sixty Iranian sophomores majoring in Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) at Islamic Azad University – Tabriz Branch. It was hypothesized that simultaneous pre-task/on-line planning would lead to more accurate performance. To test the research hypothesis, a quasi experimental design was used with three levels of planning (pre-task planning (PTP), on-line task planning (OLP), pre/on-line task planning (POLP). The participants in the study included 60 pre-intermediate TEFL sophomores at Islamic Azad University-Tabriz Branch who were selected out of a population of 200 TEFL sophomores on the basis of their scores on a proficiency test and an oral pre-test. One-way ANOVA run on the post-test data indicated statistically significant effects on the accuracy of the participants' task-based oral performance under POLP planning condition. However, there was no significant effect on accuracy as a result of PTP and OLP planning. The independent samples t-test analysis revealed significant accuracy gains in the POLP groups whereas the same improvements were not observed in the PTP and OLP planners.
۱۰۴۸۳.

An Empirical Study of Digital Literacy among Iraqi Kurdish EFL Teachers(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۱۴, N. ۱ , ۲۰۲۵ 81 - 106

کلیدواژه‌ها: digital Literacy Digital Teacher Iraqi Kurdish EFL Teachers University Lecturers high school teachers Middle School Teachers

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۹ تعداد دانلود : ۵۴
This study aims to investigate the digital literacy of Iraqi Kurdish English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers. The study employed a quantitative approach with a sample of 418 participants, consisting of 228 females and 190 males, who teach English at Middle school, High school, and University levels. A targeted sampling was used to select the participants. A questionnaire designed by the Cambridge Assessment Center was used to explore the participants’ digital literacy. It was designed based on the Cambridge English Digital Framework for Language Teachers. The gathered data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test to compare the digital literacy of male and female Iraqi Kurdish teachers, and a one-way ANOVA test to explore any significant differences caused by different academic levels of the participants. The results showed statistically significant differences between male and female teachers in all six categories, except the evaluating learning category which deals with assessing digital resources and tools for language teachers. The results of the ANOVA test showed that there was not any significant difference between the digital literacy of middle school and high school teachers. However, it was found that the university lecturers were significantly more competent users of digital literacy skills than the middle school and high school teachers. The results also revealed that in general the Iraqi Kurdish EFL teachers demonstrated an average level of digital literacy and thus suggested more educational and technological support for the teachers at various levels across the region.
۱۰۴۸۴.

Investigating Iranian PhD TEFL Candidates’ Perceptions of an Online Collaborative Academic Writing Course: The Case of Writing Research Article Abstracts(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۱۴, N. ۱ , ۲۰۲۵ 131 - 162

کلیدواژه‌ها: Abstract Writing Online Collaborative Writing Perceptions of Online Collaborative Writing PhD TEFL Candidates

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۹ تعداد دانلود : ۴۲
Online collaborative writing (OCW) is an essential pedagogical method in higher education, promoting learner interaction and shared responsibilities in academic writing tasks. While previous research has explored learners’ perceptions of OCW across various academic writing genres, there is a lack of investigation into how OCW impacts higher education students’ perceptions of their research article abstract writing performance. Utilizing an OCW perception questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, this study aimed to gauge the perceptions of 20 Iranian PhD TEFL candidates regarding an online collaborative academic writing course focused on writing research article abstracts. Quantitative and descriptive analysis of the questionnaire data and qualitative thematic analysis of the interview questions revealed that participants held positive views of technology-mediated writing instruction. However, they noted challenges faced, such as connectivity issues, software glitches, or time management. Besides, they offered recommendations, including exerting more rigid rules and defining more online assignments for the betterment of such online courses. The findings underscore the necessity of integrating technology-based writing instruction into teacher training programs to equip educators with essential skills for effective implementation. Besides, given the participants’ favorable looks towards interactive platforms like Google Docs, conducting joint research article writing programs can enhance the collaborative writing experience, ultimately leading to better academic outcomes for doctoral candidates.
۱۰۴۸۵.

شمار در زبان گیلکی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: زبان فارسی و گویش های ایرانی سال ۹ بهار و تابستان ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۱ (شماره ۱۷) 7 - 30

کلیدواژه‌ها: شمار ضمیر اسم مفرد نشانگر جمع تطابق

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۰ تعداد دانلود : ۶۱
در این مطالعه چگونگی بازنمایی شمار در زبان گیلکی گونه لاهیجانی بررسی شده است. شمار در این زبان با جنبه های گوناگون ساختاری و کاربردشناختی در تعامل است. داده های پژوهش براساس گفتار روزمره گویشوران و شم زبانی یکی از نگارندگان گردآوری شده است. براساس نتایج پژوهش، ضمایر به لحاظ شمار و در حالت های فاعلی، مفعولی و اضافی دارای صورت های متفاوتی هستند. در گروه های اسمی غیرمعرفه حضور نشانگر جمع به همراه طبقه نما موجب بدساختی می شود، درحالی که در گروه های اسمیِ معرفه حضور تکواژ جمع برای دستوری بودنِ ساخت اجباری است. دوگان سازی از فرایندهایی است که در تعامل با مفهوم شمار قرار دارد. در این فرایند، استفاده از جزء مکرر به همراه پایه در برخی بافت ها برای اشاره به یک مجموعه به کار می رود. براساس سایر یافته ها، در ساخت های همپایه، علی رغم اطلاق مفهوم جمع به هر دو عضو، اگر هر دو به یک مجموعه تعلق داشته باشد (به عنوان مثال لوازم التحریر)، نشانگر جمع می تواند تنها بر روی سازه دوم تظاهر یابد. در برخی بافت ها عدم تطابق صوری یا معنایی به لحاظ شمار مشهود است که عواملی همچون رعایت ادب و تکریم، تعمیم و جانداری در آن دخیل هستند.  
۱۰۴۸۶.

Meta-Cognitive Strategy Use in Reading Comprehension among Iranian EFL Learners of Varying Levels of Proficiency(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۱, No. ۳, fall ۲۰۰۸ 91 - 108

کلیدواژه‌ها: motivation Reading Comprehension High Proficient Readers Low Proficient Readers Meta-Cognitive Strategies

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۰ تعداد دانلود : ۴۹
This study explored the use of meta-cognitive strategies (MCS) in reading comprehension among Iranian EFL learners with varying levels of proficiency (i.e. high proficient vs. low proficient). Furthermore, there was an attempt to investigate the impact of motivation on language learners’ MCS use. The proposed hypotheses predicted: 1) there is no significant difference between the high proficient EFL learners’ use of MCS compared to their low proficient peers, and 2) there is no relationship between the two groups’ MCS use and their motivation. One hundred participants, aged 16-24, were selected from the intermediate and advanced EFL learners in Jihad Daneshgahi Institute of Kermanshah. The data was collected through: a) a modified version of the FCE reading paper, b) a modified version of the PET reading paper, c) Taraban's (2006) MCS Questionnaire, and d) an adapted form of Gardner's (1985) motivation questionnaire, and was submitted to a series of independent samples t-test and co-relational analysis. The results indicated: 1) a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the use of meta-cognitive strategies, favoring the highly proficient readers, and 2) a significant relationship between the use of meta-cognitive strategies and motivation of the participants.
۱۰۴۸۷.

The Effect of Textual Enhancement Techniques on the Acquisition of Passive Form(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۵, No. ۱۱, fall ۲۰۱۲ 102 - 115

کلیدواژه‌ها: Input Input enhancement Focus on Forms Focus on Form Explicit Instruction textual enhancement Noticing hypothesis

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۵ تعداد دانلود : ۵۴
This experimental study evaluated the possible effects of textual input- based enhancement on the acquisition of passive form on Iranian pre-intermediate EFL learners. Sixty Iranian EFL learners at the pre-intermediate level of proficiency were randomly assigned into three groups; two experimental group and one comparison group. The first experimental group received passages in which the passive forms were repetitive, the second experimental group received passages in which the passive forms were underlined in different colors. The third group (comparison group) received explicit instruction of passive form with no passage. Repetition group received two texts in each session. The study followed a pre-test /treatment/ post-test design. The result indicated that both textually enhanced input, repetitive and underlined in different colors, have a statistically significant effect on the acquisition of target items than explicit instruction group. Moreover, it can be concluded that repetition can be more beneficial than underlined method of enhancement.
۱۰۴۸۸.

جایگاه طب سنّتی و گیاهان دارویی در بوستان سعدی(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: گویش شناسی و فرهنگ عامه سال دوم پاییز و زمستان ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۲ 113 - 136

کلیدواژه‌ها: بوستان سعدی طب سنتی فرهنگ عامیانه

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۹ تعداد دانلود : ۷۰
یکی از وجوه مطالعه در فرهنگ عامّه، مطالعه و برّرسی نوع باورها و چگونگی عقاید مردم در مواجهه با بیماری هاست. از آنجا که بسیاری از عناصر فرهنگ عامّه همچون: آداب و رسوم، اعتقادات و باورها، بازی ها و سرگرمی ها، پوشاک و خوراک، طب سنّتی و عامیانه و سایر موارد دیگر در ادبیّات فارسی انعکاس یافته است، در این جستار کوشش شده تا به برّرسی طب سنّتی در کتاب بوستان سعدی که تأثیر انکارناپذیری بر فارسی زبانان گذاشته و منعکس کننده آیین و سنّت ملّی می باشد، بپردازیم. شاعران پارسی زبان نه تنها بر علوم ادبی که برخی از آنها در علوم مختلف زمان از قبیل فقه و کلام، عرفان و تصوّف، تاریخ و جغرافیا، طب و نجوم از عالمان و دانشمندان معاصر خود بوده اند، و با به کارگیری علوم مزبور، به ویژه علم طب، به آثار خویش، روح و لطافتی خاصّ بخشیده اند. گروهی از این بزرگان نیز گرچه طبیب نبوده اند، با طبیبان حاذق زمان خود مجالست داشته و یا اینکه از نحوه طبابت مرسوم در آن دوران با خبر بوده اند. به طوری که تأثیر شگرف این دانش در اشعار لطیفشان به خوبی تجلی کرده است.
۱۰۴۸۹.

Manipulative Strategies in Tennessee Williams’ The Night of Iguana: A Discursive Study(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics (IJAL) Vol. ۲۶, No. ۱, March ۲۰۲۳ 259-272

کلیدواژه‌ها: Critical discourse analysis Manipulative strategies interpersonal relationships

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۸ تعداد دانلود : ۴۲
Manipulation, one of the pivotal concepts in critical discourse analysis (CDA), is mainly considered a top-down strategy implemented by superior people on the inferior ones, who are passive recipients of power, to further their goals and benefits. However, the present paper highlights manipulative strategies exercised by a less powerful individual on the more powerful one who rather than being a passive victim, resists being manipulated by having gained counter-information to counterbalance the manipulator’s arguments. In the present paper, a critical discourse analytic approach is adopted to trace the power struggle in interpersonal relationships, taking advantage of a textual-contextual analysis to lay bare how power relations are detectable in discourse and what strategies are employed to exert or neutralize power. The selected excerpt examines the exchange between an irresponsible tour guide who is concerned with his job security and a dissatisfied tourist who threatens to disclose his incompetency as a tour-guide. To accomplish this end, several manipulative strategies are identified in the chosen excerpt, drawing on Teun A. Van Dijk, Eddo Rigotti, De Saussure & Schulz and Sandrine Sorlin’s proposed strategies.
۱۰۴۹۰.

Substitution as a Device of Grammatical Cohesion in English Contexts(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۵, No. ۱۰, Spring ۲۰۱۲ 114 - 136

کلیدواژه‌ها: Cohesion Cohesive devices modal Reporting Conditional Contexts

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۸ تعداد دانلود : ۱۳۹
The present study set out to investigate the effect of teaching substitution as a kind of grammatical cohesion on the true identification of confusing substitution elements with cohesive or non-cohesive roles in different contexts and also the production of modal, reporting and conditional contexts through clausal substitution acquaintance. To this end, the following procedures were taken. First 120 male and female EFL students were selected from Iranshahr Azad University. Having administered the language proficiency test, researchers selected 80 students as intermediate subjects according to their TOEFL band scores. First, pretests of cohesion identification (substitution) and production of modal, reporting and conditional environments were administered to both control and experimental groups. Then, the experimental group was exposed to the teaching of the above-said above-mentioned cohesive device. Finally, post-tests of substitution elements’ identification and modal, reporting and conditional contexts’ production through clausal substitution familiarity were administered. The results showed that cohesive device treatment helped students on the true identification of substitution elements. Another finding proved that EFL students might have no difficulty in learning certain rules or classification of rules and application of their clausal substitution knowledge in creating modal, reporting and conditional contexts. Our findings can have implications for the field of language learning and teaching.
۱۰۴۹۱.

Evaluating the SAMT English Textbook for BSc Students of Physics(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۴, No. ۹, fall ۲۰۱۱ 175 - 195

کلیدواژه‌ها: evaluation ESP textbook Physics BSc

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۳
English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) are developing branches of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction in Iran. These branches have a marginal status in the tertiary education, and the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology’s high commission offers no clear guidance for selecting and developing basic academic instructional materials related to the linguistic or communicative standards expected by teachers (Mazdayasna & Tahririan, 2008). This paper tries to evaluate an ESP textbook written for BSc students of physics entitled, ‘English for the students of physics’, which is prepared by the Center for Studying and Compiling University Books in Humanities (SAMT). The present research was based on qualitative and quantitative research techniques and included two steps. First, internal, external and overall evaluation of the book was carried out based on McDonough & Shaw (1993) model. While conducting the external evaluation of the book, the intended audience, the proficiency level, the context of use, the language, the author's views on language and methodology, the inclusion of a vocabulary list/index, visual features, and the cultural aspects were examined. The internal evaluation included the presentation of the skills, grading and sequencing, discourse skills, listening section, the representation of different learning styles. And in overall evaluation, general suitability of the textbook was assessed. In the second step, six teachers each responded to a 22-item textbook evaluation questionnaire to express their perceptions concerning various aspects of the textbooks. The results revealed the extent of appropriateness of the textbook used by BSc students of physics. Suggestions are offered for the future revision and/or designing the textbooks.
۱۰۴۹۲.

Lexical and Grammatical Collocations in Writing Production of EFL Learners(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۵, No. ۱۰, Spring ۲۰۱۲ 61 - 86

کلیدواژه‌ها: lexical collocation grammatical collocation Lexical Approach L1 L2

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۸ تعداد دانلود : ۴۶
Lewis (1993) recognized significance of word combinations including collocations by presenting lexical approach. Because of the crucial role of collocation in vocabulary acquisition, this research set out to evaluate the rate of collocations in Iranian EFL learners' writing production across L1 and L2. In addition, L1 interference with L2 collocational use in the learner' writing samples was studied. To achieve this goal, 200 Persian EFL learners at BA level were selected. These participants were taking paragraph writing and essay writing courses in two successive semesters. As for the data analysis, mid-term, final exam, and also the assignments of L2 learners were evaluated. Because of the nominal nature of the data, chi-square test was utilized for data analysis. Then, the rate of lexical and grammatical collocations was calculated. Results showed that the lexical collocations outnumbered the grammatical collocations. Different categories of lexical collocations were also compared with regard to their frequencies in EFL writing production. The rate of the verb-noun and adjective-noun collocations appeared to be the highest and noun-verb collocations the lowest. The results also showed that L1 had both positive and negative effect on the occurrence of both grammatical and lexical collocations.
۱۰۴۹۳.

A Comparative Study of Discourse Markers: The Case of three English Applied Linguistic Texts with their Farsi Translations(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۳, No. ۷, fall ۲۰۱۰ 1 - 22

کلیدواژه‌ها: Connective markers Cohesion markers Pragmatic markers Cue phrases

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷
This research was an attempt to find the relationship between English discourse markers and their Farsi translations. It was conducted in order to find out whether DMs translations completely demonstrate source texts orientation and to what extent DMs translations are functionally appropriate compared to the original text? Six instruments were used. Three of them were the original English books and the other three were their translations. Ten pages from each original book were randomly selected. Then they were compared to their translations by the researcher and two translation teachers according to Farahzad's (1992) scale. The results of the study showed that there is a high degree of relationship between English DMs and their Persian counterparts; however, there is not a 1:1 translation about DMs. It can be also said that Persian translations are, functionally and almost totally, appropriate, compared to the original texts.
۱۰۴۹۴.

The Impact of Task-based Activities on the Reading Skill of Iranian EFL Young Learners at the Beginner Level(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۲, No. ۴, Spring ۲۰۰۹ 81 - 102

کلیدواژه‌ها: Young Learners task type Reading skill Task-based language teaching (TBLT) Beginner Level

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۹ تعداد دانلود : ۴۳
Task-based learning and teaching in the realm of teaching young learners is still considered an adventure since very few experimental studies to date have tackled its applicability in that age group. The present research was an attempt to find out whether using task-based reading activities has any impact on the development of text comprehension in Iranian young learners studying English as a foreign language at the beginner level. Two groups of 25 students, aged 11 to 13, were the participants of the study. Through a reading pretest, it was ensured that the two groups were at the same level and belonged to the same population in terms of the reading skill. Having instructed the experimental group with four task types and the control group with classical reading activities, the researcher compared the reading performance of the two groups through a t-test which, not surprisingly, manifested the better performance of the experimental group. A follow-up reading test also showed that the experimental group still enjoyed a higher level of reading skill after one month. Furthermore, the scores gained from the four task types were compared and it was concluded that the students performed better in tasks which involved creativity and gave them the experience of playing.
۱۰۴۹۵.

Lexical Chains of Sermons No. 87 and 191 of Nahj al-Balaghah and their role in understanding the theme(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics (IJAL) Vol. ۲۶, No. ۱, March ۲۰۲۳ 50-70

کلیدواژه‌ها: semantics Lexical Chain Saxena Barzilay and Elhadad Nahj al-Balaghah sermons No. 87 and 191

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۷ تعداد دانلود : ۵۷
"Lexical Chains" is one of the newest branches of statistical semantics, which is defiend as the process of identifying words that have semantic relationship with each other, and help us to identify the topic and main content of the text. In this research, we aim to determine lexical chains of sermons No. 87 and 191 of Nahj al-Balaghah, based on the theory of "Saxena", as well as "Barzilay" and "Elhadad", using the descriptive-analytical and statistical method. The results show that in both sermons, the semantic relation "Antonym" has the most frequency. In sermons No. 87 and 191, respectively, 8% and 5% of the chains are "strong chains", and play the main role in determining the main themes of the sermons. According to the data, choosing the title "religious, ethical, scientific" for the sermon No. 87, and "moral, ethical, social, intellectual" for the sermon No. 191 -contrary to what "Mohammad Dashti" mentioned for them- seems more appropriate.
۱۰۴۹۶.

On the Relationship among EFL Teachers’ Classroom Management, Organizational Commitment and Burnout and Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Nature

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۹, Issue ۴ (۲۰۲۴) 93-110

کلیدواژه‌ها: Burnout Classroom Management EFL Teachers Organizational commitment perceptions

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۷ تعداد دانلود : ۶۲
This mixed-methods study was an attempt to ascertain if experienced EFL teachers’ classroom management is related to their burnout and organizational commitment. It was also intended to unveil their perceptions and attitudes regarding the sources of their burnout and organizational commitment. For this purpose, 50 male and female experienced teachers were chosen from three English institutes in Tehran and were asked to fill up the three questionnaires: Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Organizational Commitment Scale, and Attitudes and Beliefs on Classroom Control (ABCC) Inventory. They were further interviewed and observed in their actual classes. According to the obtained findings and results, the perceived classroom management of teachers did not significantly correlate with their actual management practice. Furthermore, there was a negative but statistically non-significant correlation between EFL teachers’ organizational commitment and classroom management. The correlation between teachers’ burnout and classroom management turned out to be positive but statistically non-significant as well. Considering the point that the correlations between the variables were non-significant, the predictability analyses were not conducted as the results would logically be non-significant too. Conducting the interviews, the majority of the teachers strongly believed that low commitment and burnout have nothing to do with their performance in classroom since there is something beyond the obligation to the organization, which is responsibility to learners, and no other external factors could interfere.
۱۰۴۹۷.

تحلیل برخی فرآیندهای واجی گویش بهبهانی در نظریه بهینگی(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: گویش شناسی و فرهنگ عامه سال دوم بهار و تابستان ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۱ 144 - 169

کلیدواژه‌ها: درج حذف همگونی تضعیف گویش بهبهانی نظریه بهینگی

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۸ تعداد دانلود : ۶۷
این پژوهش به بررسی برخی از فرایندهای واجی رایج در گویش بهبهانی در چارچوپ نظریه بهینگی پرداخته است. این فرایندها عبارتند از: همگونی، حذف ، تضعیف همخوان هایb ، f ، v به غلت دولبی نرمکامی w در محیط پس از واکه، درج غلت دولبی نرمکامی [w] در التقای واکه، تبدیل انسدادی c به غلت کامی [j] در بافت پایان واژه. این پژوهش برای جمع آوری داده ها از روش میدانی و انجام مصاحبه هدفمند بهره برده است. علاوه بر این، برخی از داده ها از منابع مکتوب مانند پایان نامه و کتاب هایی که درباره گویش بهبهانی نوشته شده، استخراج شده اند. یکی از نگارندگان مقاله نیز اهل بهبهان است و به عنوان گویشور نیز در این پژوهش نقش داشته و صحت داده ها را تایید می نماید. گویشوران ده نفر مرد و زن، بی سواد و تحصیل کرده در سنین مختلف بوده اند. پس از جمع آوری داده ها، واژه های موردِ نظر به دقت آوانویسی شده و در نظریه بهینگی به لحاظ واج شناختی تحلیل شده اند. پس از جمع آوری داده ها، واژه ها آوانویسی شده و در نظریه بهینگی تحلیل شده اند. نتایج نشان می دهد که در این گویش فرایندهای حذف و تضعیف از سایر فرایندها بسامد بیشتر داشته اند.
۱۰۴۹۸.

The Impact of Context on the learning and Retention of Idioms(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۷, No. ۱۵, fall ۲۰۱۴ 130 - 145

کلیدواژه‌ها: LEARNING idioms Retention Extended context Limited context

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۳ تعداد دانلود : ۴۱
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of context on learning idioms among 60 Iranian female advanced English learners. To this end, the researcher assigned the participants to two experimental groups and one control group: Group 1 (first experimental group, the extended-context group), Group 2 (second experimental group, the limited-context group) and Group 3 (control group or the decontextualized group). First a 50-item idiom test was constructed using Vocabulary Knowledge scale (adopted from Wesche and Paribakht, 1993) and answered by the participants. The results of this test revealed that thirty idioms were not at all familiar to the participants. So these 30 idioms were selected as the target idioms. Then, the researchers applied two types of treatment to the participants in groups 1 and 2. Group 1 was taught idioms in extended-context through listening to short stories including the target idioms, Group 2 in the limited-context through listening to single sentences including the target idioms, and Control group (Group 3) was taught idioms through their decontextualized definitions of the target idioms. The analysis of the results of immediate and delayed post-test showed that extended contexts had significant influence on the participants’ idiom learning and retention. Pedagogical implications are provided.
۱۰۴۹۹.

The Effect of Multi-step Oral-revision Processes on Iranian EFL Learners’ Argumentative Writing Achievement(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۴, No. ۸, Spring ۲۰۱۱ 78 - 98

کلیدواژه‌ها: Negotiation Multi-step Oral Revision Scaffolding Argumentative writing

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۱ تعداد دانلود : ۴۵
The purpose of this study was to explore the role of two multi-step oral-revision processes as feedback providing tools on Iranian EFL learners’ argumentative writing achievement. The participants taking part in this study were 45 Iranian EFL students who were randomly assigned into three groups. The participants of the groups were given three argumentative writing assignments, each assignment demanding three separate drafts. In the control group, the participants revised their essays in response to teacher's written feedback, while the participants of the two experimental groups experienced oral-revision talks with their teacher or a peer. Two sets of quantitative and qualitative data were collected: Argumentative essays written at the beginning and the end of the semester and interviews. The results of the quantitative aspect of the study revealed the significant outperformance of the two experimental groups. Moreover, the data provided through interviews revealed some differences in terms of the effectiveness of feedback between the two experimental groups. The participants of the peer-led group reported more awareness of the rhetorical structures and an ability to revise surface errors. While, the teacher-led group reported more global writing concerns like content, organization of ideas, and discourse. The obtained results point out that the mutual co-construction of participation roles and certain combinations of negotiation and scaffolding let the teacher provide a supportive conversational environment and assistance in accordance with the proficiency of learners of the teacher-led group to promote greater learner participation.
۱۰۵۰۰.

Language and Variation: A Study of English and Persian Wh-questions(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Vol.۸, No.۱۶, Spring ۲۰۱۵ 64 - 93

کلیدواژه‌ها: Variation Systematic/Patterned Variation Variationist Sociolinguistics Wh-questions

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۷ تعداد دانلود : ۵۴
It was claimed by variationists that languages experience variation at all levels, which is supposed to be patterned. The present study aimed at exploring how variation occurred in English and Persian wh-questions. More specifically, it investigated whether such a variation was systematic and patterned. To this end, a modified version of the Edinburgh Map Task was used in data collection. The population of this study was 60 Canadian and Persian native speakers who performed the task through the construction of wh-question variants. The results indicated that both languages experienced variation in the construction of wh-questions. However, Persian proved to be more variable than English because it allowed more wh-question variants to be produced. Moreover, this variation was patterned in English and Persian individually, yet a systematic variation could not be observed between these two languages. It followed that the different mind-sets of the Canadian and Iranian participants which were affected by social and cultural factors might account for such a variation.

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