درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Aim: Taking into account the importance of creativity and the effective role of creative self-efficacy (CSE) in it, several attempts have been performed to develop appropriate measures. One of the multi-dimensional tools to assess CSE is Abbott’s (2010) creative self-efficacy inventory. The current study is an attempt to investigate factor structure and psychometric properties of Abbott’s CSE Inventory (2010) in Persian sample. The other objectives were to examine the differences in CSE regarding age and gender.Methods: The participants of this study were students in the age range of 13-19 years and also were schooling in 7th-12th grades of West Azerbaijan high schools (N= 400). Abbott’s CSE Inventory (2010) and intellect/imagination subscale of five factors personality Mini-IPIP scale were used. CFA was executed using AMOS and the data was analysed by SPSS software.Results: Reliability coefficients of raters for creative thinking self-efficacy (CTSE) and creative performance self-efficacy (CPSE) were 0.96 and 0.97 respectively (p<0.01). In addition, internal consistency of the whole scale, CPSE, and CTSE based on Cronbach’s alpha was 0.95, 0.88, and 0.93 respectively. The results showed that two factors were identified by the EFA, with eigenvalues greater than 1. These two factors were retained with 59.529 % of the total variance. The CFA supported construct validity of the CSE Inventory and its multi-factor structure. Also, there was no difference between the genders in terms of CSE, while CSE and age were directly related.Conclusion: The current research revealed that the structure and psychometric properties of the CSE Inventory for the Iranian sample are adequate

Aim: Due to the employment of female partners in the workforce, the number of couples who are both employed has increased recently. This problem has an impact on marital life and even job performance, even if it helps to improve family income. This study aimed to investigate the path analysis model of interpersonal trust, controlling behaviors, marital distress and job satisfaction in the dual-earner couples. Methods: The research is the correlational and structural equations type, and the statistical population of the research includes dual-earner couples working in the city of Isfahan in 1402, from which 120 people were selected by convenience sampling method. To measure the variables, the interpersonal trust scale (Johnson George and Swap, 1982), the controlling behavior scale (Graham Kwan and Archer, 2005), the marital distress questionnaire (Schneider, 1979) and the job satisfaction scale (Judge and Bono, 2000) were used. For data analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used using SPSS software version 25 and Smart-Pls software version 3. The mediation analysis was done by bootstrap test. Results: The findings show that based on the value of 0.465 for the index G.O.F., the path analysis model of interpersonal trust, controlling behaviors, marital distress and job satisfaction is suitable, and the bootstrap test and confidence interval showed that controlling behaviors mediates the relationship between interpersonal trust and marital distress, and marital distress mediates the relationship between interpersonal trust and controlling behaviors with job satisfaction. Conclusion: It is recommended that in order to lessen marital misery and enhance work satisfaction, couples should get training aimed at fostering trust and reducing controlling tendencies.

Objective: Divorce is one of the social and family problems that all sections of society are affected in some way. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of self-compassion, patience and Islamic optimism on the tendency to divorce couples in Rasht. Methods: The method of this research was correlational and the method of data analysis was practical in terms of purpose. This study was performed on 200 married men and women in Rasht in 2020. The respondents were selected by available random sampling. For data collection, Roosevelt, Johnson & Moro Divorce Tendency Scale, Nef Self-Compassion Questionnaire, Date Patience Scale and Nouri Islamic Optimism Questionnaire were used and then the data were analyzed by SPSS26 software. Results: Findings showed a significant and negative correlation between self-compassion (r = -0.43), patience (r = -0.17) and Islamic optimism (r = -0.32) with a tendency to divorce. Also, there was a significant negative relationship with confidence (P <0.05). The results of regression analysis showed that these three variables predict 23% of the variance of the tendency to divorce (P <0.05). Conclusion: According the results of this study, the couples experience less tendency to divorce with more compassion, patience and Islamic optimism. The study of the degree of self-compassion in couples and also the study of patience and optimism in them, provides a more complete understanding of the factors involved in the phenomenon of the tendency to divorce in couples. It can be concluded that self-compassion and religiosity have an effect on improving the strategies for maintaining the couple's relationship.

This study aimed to investigate mindfulness's effectiveness on the problem-solving styles of secondary school students of Garmsar city. The statistical population of this research was all second-year high school students of Garmsar city in the academic year 2022-2023. The sample included 341 students who were selected by random cluster sampling. The research tools included a standard questionnaire on mindfulness and a questionnaire on problem-solving styles. The data was analyzed by Lisrel and SPSS software. Considering that the effect of the mediator variable is considered, structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The results showed that the five components of observation, description, action, awareness, non-judgment, and non-reaction affected the problem-solving styles of secondary school students of Garmsar city. Based on the obtained results, mindfulness can affect problem-solving techniques. Based on the obtained results, mindfulness can influence problem-solving styles. Therefore, the results of this study can have important implications in the field of education, such as the effectiveness of mindfulness on problem-solving for educational professionals.

This research examined the effect of teaching art (motivational painting) on preschool students’ cognitive creativity and social skills. The research design of this quasi-experimental study includeda  pretest-posttest with a control group. 60 students aged  6 years old were selected by purposive sampling from all preschools and kindergartens in Tehran and divided into an experimental group (15 boys and 15 girls) and a control group (15 boys and 15 girls). The experimental group was subjected to the teaching art program of motivational paintings (Silver, 2000) for 12 sessions, two sessions a week, each 45 minutes. Cognitive creativity and social skills were measured by the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking [form B, 1974] and the Social Skills Rating Scale of Gresham and Elliot [parents' form, 1990]. The results were analyzed by Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), T-test, and Spearman's correlation coefficient. The findings indicated that motivational painting instruction had significant positive effects on the students’ cognitive creativity (p<0.01) and two subscales of social skills, namely cooperation and responsibility. The research showed that teaching motivational painting can be used by instructors as a useful and productive method to develop new curricula in order to escalate the positive creativity and social skills of learners in pedagogical institutions.

Objective: Adolescence is associated with significant psychological and physical changes, and the parent-adolescent relationship is mainly faced with increased conflicts, while the parents' behavior seems to be a critical factor for the quality of this relationship. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a parental self-harmonization model based on the sahmgozari approach in conflict management with adolescents in Tehran. Methodology: In this qualitative research, data was collected through grounded theory using semi-structured interviews. Through the purposeful sampling method, 12 parents in Tehran city in 2022 were selected among those with low conflict with their adolescents based on the inclusion criteria of until the theoretical saturation was reached. The data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's coding method based on grounded theory. Findings: In the coding process, a central category under the general title of "Parent's sahm-based self-harmonization in parent-adolescent relationship" was selected. The code "Parent's sahm-based attitudinal indicators" as a contextual factor, the code "Matrix-based parent's self-harmonization" as a causal factor, and the code "Parent's productive strategies in parent-adolescent relationship" as strategies were identified in this model. Conclusion: Given the experiences of sahmgozar parents with low conflict with their adolescents, sahme-based attitude of the parent may give the parent an opportunity to create self-harmonization in different dimensions and manage conflicts in the parent-adolescent relationship by using productive strategies. This provides both the parent and adolescent a formative, soothing and satisfying relationship.

The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on the psychological resilience of girl students with self-harming behavior. The present study was a semi-experimental study with pre-and post-test with a control group design. The statistical population of the study included all female students aged 12-15 years studying in the elementary and middle school in Tehran in the academic year 2019-2020. Multi-stage random sampling was performed. The sample consisted of 36 girl students who had self-harming behavior that was randomly assigned to two groups (18people emotion regulation training group and 18 people control group). For data collection, we the used Self-Harm Inventory and the Connor‐Davidson resilience scale (CD‐RISC). The experimental group received their emotion regulation training in eight sessions of 60 minutes per week and the control group received no training. One-way analysis of covariance (ANOVA) on the SPSS software version 24 was used for data analysis. The results of the analysis of variance showed that emotion regulation training was effective in improving psychological resilience in students with self-harming behavior. Hence, by designing training programs for the regulation of emotion and including them in the curriculum of students, the necessary basis should be provided to strengthen related skills.