نسیم محمدی

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on the executive functions (behavioral and cognitive regulation) of students with specific learning disorder. The research method was experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of the research was made up of all the students with specific learning disorder who referred to the learning disorders center of Ardabil in the academic year of 2021-2022, from which 40 students were selected using the available sampling method. Then, they were randomly replaced in the experimental group (20 participants) and the control group (20 participants). The experimental group was exposed to cognitive rehabilitation intervention for 11 sessions. To collect data, the behavioral rating questionnaire of Gioia et al. (2000) was used. The data were analyzed through the analysis of covariance statistical test. The findings showed that cognitive rehabilitation intervention improved executive functions (behavioral and cognitive regulation) in students with specific learning disorder of the experimental group (P<0.01). Considering the effect of cognitive rehabilitation intervention in students with special learning disorder, schools and counseling centers can use this type of treatment in working with these children to improve their executive functions (behavioral and cognitive regulation).

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to identify the causes of social isolation and design a relevant model for high school students. Methodology: This was an applied study in terms of its aim and mixed-method study in terms of its implementation method (qualitative and quantitative). The study population in the qualitative section included documents and resources and educational management experts and, in the quantitative section, 180 female high-school first-year students in Gorgan during the academic year 2019-2020. According to the data saturation principle, the research population in the qualitative part included documents and resources related to social isolation and 10 educational management experts who were selected by purposive sampling. According to Cochran's formula, the study population in the quantitative section included 180 female high-school first-year students who were selected by cluster sampling method. Data were collected by note taking, interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire (39 items), the construct and convergent validity of which were confirmed and its reliability was obtained α=0.96 by Cronbach's alpha method. Data were analyzed by open and axial coding methods, factor analysis and structural equation modeling in MAXQDA software. Findings: The findings of the qualitative section showed that social isolation consists of six components and 40 indicators, including socio-economic anomalies (7 indicators), individual variables (9 indicators), parental role (5 indicators), strengthening social relations (6 indicators), psychological interactions (10 indicators), and family level (3 indicators). The findings of the quantitative section showed that the social isolation model had a good fit and all six components, i.e. socio-economic anomalies, individual variables, parental role, strengthening social relations, psychological interactions and family level had a significant effect on social isolation (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, sociologists can use the social isolation model designed in the present study to reduce social isolation; therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the role of effective components.