واکاوی نقش حس تعلق مکانی در تاب آوری خانوارهای روستایی در شرایط خشکسالی در شهرستان دورود (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
خشکسالی های مکرر در گذشته به دلیل نبود رویکرد های جامع کاهش دهنده خطر، سطح تاب آوری خانوارهای روستایی را به شدت کاهش داده است، همچنین وابستگی به کشاورزی دیم در روستاهای ایران بر سطح آسیب پذیری خانوارهای روستایی افزوده است. بنابراین نیاز است از توانمندی های جوامع محلی در افزایش تاب آوری آنان در شرایط خشکسالی بهره گرفته شود. در این راستا این پژوهش با هدف کلی واکاوی نقش حس تعلق مکانی در تاب آوری خانوارهای روستایی در شرایط خشکسالی انجام شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه خانوارهای روستایی - کشاورز شهرستان دورود بود. حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان 375 سرپرست خانوار برای مطالعه انتخاب شد. ابزار اصلی پژوهش پرسش نامه ای بود که روایی آن توسط پانل متخصصان و پایایی آن توسط ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. نتایج گروه بندی خانوارهای روستایی نشان داد که اکثریت آنان از سطح تعلق مکانی و تاب آوری پایینی در شرایط خشکسالی برخوردار هستند. علاوه بر این، نتایج مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری پژوهش نشان داد که ابعاد حس تعلق مکانی با ضریب تبیین 64 درصد (0/80=t=9/85 ،γ) اثر مثبت و معنی داری بر تاب آوری خانوارهای روستایی در شرایط خشکسالی دارد. یافته های پژوهش می تواند بینش های جدیدی را برای سیاست گذاران توسعه روستایی درزمینه کاهش مهاجرت به مناطق شهری فراهم کند. در نهایت پیشنهاد می شود با اصلاح روش های موجود دامپروری و کشاورزی با ارائه خدمات فنی، آموزشی و ترویجی مناسب، زمینه افزایش تاب آوری و حس تعلق در خانوارهای روستایی فراهم شود.Investigating the Role of Sense of Place in the Resilience of Rural Households in Drought Conditions in Dorud City
IntroductionToday, the occurrence of severe accidents and disasters related to climate change is increasing in the world. In the face of challenges and crises caused by global changes and the intensification of human activities, how to deal with various changes and maintain the vitality of one's development is a very important issue. Among the wide range of risks that human societies are exposed to, drought is one of the most important natural disasters that has had severe and sometimes catastrophic effects on human vital activities all over the world since the beginning of human civilization. Because drought covers a wider geographical area, it is more complex than other natural disasters and affects more people. Among its effects, we can mention the reduction of agricultural products, reduction of production efficiency, soil erosion, and lack of food and increase of hunger in the affected areas. Frequent droughts in the past have severely reduced the resilience of rural households due to the lack of comprehensive risk reduction systems, and depending on rainfed agriculture in rural Iran it has increased the vulnerability of rural households. Therefore, it is necessary to use the capabilities of local communities to increase their resilience in drought conditions. This study was conducted with the general purpose of the investigating the role of sense of place in the resilience of rural households in drought conditions.Materials and MethodsThe statistical population of the study included all rural households - farmers of Dorud city. Sample size was selected for the study using Krejci and Morgan table of 375 heads of households. The main research tool was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was performed in two sections of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS and LISREL software.Results and DiscussionThe results of grouping rural households showed that they are not in a good position in terms of spatial belonging and resilience. In addition, the results of structural equation modeling showed that the dimensions of sense of place with a coefficient of explanation of 64% (γ = 0.80, t = 9.85) have a positive and significant effect on the sense of resilience of rural households in drought conditions. The results of this study can provide new insights for rural development policy makers in reducing migration to urban areas. In this regard, it is suggested to improve the existing methods of animal husbandry and agriculture by providing technical, educational and extension services, and providing appropriate grounds for increasing resilience and a sense of belonging in rural households.ConclusionsThe results of this research showed that the past droughts have lowered the resilience level of rural households and they have become extremely vulnerable. The loss of resilience can further increase the migration of rural households. But one of the important solutions in the field of capacity building of local communities is to use the potential of rural households' sense of belonging. Rural households believe that if the environment can meet their needs, they would not be willing to leave their place of living easily. Therefore, it is suggested to provide proper support to rural households in drought conditions to provide them with a basis for sustainability.
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