تحلیل فضای راهبردی مدیریت ضایعات سیب در زنجیره تأمین استان تهران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
ضایعات محصولات کشاورزی یکی از معضلات جدی بخش کشاورزی ایران به ویژه زیربخش باغبانی است. با توجه به این نکته که بخش مهمی از ضایعات به وجود آمده در محصولات کشاورزی در طول زنجیره تأمین، ناشی از عدم وجود راهبردهای مناسب در جهت مدیریت ضایعات است، تدوین راهبردهای مدیریت ضایعات در کشور لازم به نظر می رسد. مطالعه حاضر با استفاده از روش تحقیق آمیخته (ترکیبی از مصاحبه نیمه ساختارمند و پیمایش) انجام شد. برای این منظور ضمن بررسی میدانی زنجیره تأمین سیب در استان تهران و مصاحبه با خبرگان و صاحب نظران این زنجیره، ابتدا نقاط قوت، ضعف، فرصت ها و تهدیدهای موجود و پیش روی زنجیره شناسایی شد. پس از آن با بهره بردن از روش تحلیل SWOT، فضای راهبردی حاکم بر این زنجیره مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت و در نهایت راهبردهای لازم جهت بهبود آن تدوین شد. یافته های تحقیق نشان داد زنجیره تأمین سیب، نقاط ضعف و تهدیدهای زیادی داشته و فضای راهبردی اصلی حاکم بر آن، از نوع تدافعی (WT) با وزن نهایی 0/41 است. همچنین مهم ترین راهبردهای شناسایی شده برای بهبود مدیریت ضایعات این زنجیره عبارتند از افزایش سهم سیب در صادرات، آموزش مدیران با تجربه در حوزه زنجیره های تأمین و ارزش، توانمندسازی و یکپارچه سازی تشکل های موجود.An Analysis of the Strategic Space of Apple Waste Management in the Supply Chain of Tehran Province
Introduction
The issue of agricultural product wastage poses a significant challenge to Iran's agriculture sector, particularly within the horticulture sub-sector. Much of this wastage along the supply chain is attributed to inadequate waste management practices. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop effective waste management strategies in the country. This study aims to analyze the strategic space of apple waste management within the supply chain of Tehran province.
Materials and Methods
This study employed a mixed research approach, combining semi-structured interviews and surveys. The target population consisted of experts in the apple supply chain, with 21 individuals purposefully selected for the study. Data was primarily collected through researcher-designed interviews and questionnaires. During field research on the apple supply chain in Tehran province, experts were interviewed to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats within the chain. Subsequently, the strategic space of the chain was analyzed using SWOT analysis methodology, leading to the formulation of improvement strategies.
Results and Discussion
The findings of this study indicate that the apple supply chain exhibits numerous weaknesses and threats, predominantly characterized by a defensive strategic orientation (WT) with a final weight of 0.41. Analysis of the internal environment revealed that weaknesses outweigh strengths. Similarly, external threats surpass opportunities. Experts identified the ability to maintain high shelf life of apples at the household level as the supply chain's most significant strength. Conversely, the lack of experienced managers and associates in value and supply chains emerged as a critical weakness, underscoring the pivotal role of management in enhancing chain performance and efficiency. The favorable climate for cultivating quality apples represents a key opportunity, while underdeveloped supply and value chains, along with their instability, pose significant threats. Priority strategies proposed by experts include increasing the export share of apples in the agricultural sector, training competent managers in apple value and supply chains, and enhancing and integrating existing organizations. Based on the prioritized strategies and the emphasis on defensive or fallback strategies (WT), it is imperative to adopt defensive measures to create room for implementing contingency and competitive policies, and ultimately growth and development strategies, aimed at enhancing the apple supply chain while addressing waste management concerns. Considering the current circumstances, the initial step involves establishing a sustainable supply chain and value chain, facilitated by collaboration among relevant government and private sectors, as well as stakeholders within the chain. This entails recruiting skilled managers and trained personnel to oversee the integration of chain structure and management.
Conclusions
Given the apple supply chain's weak points, the initial focus is on addressing these weaknesses to leverage existing opportunities and mitigate external threats. Recommendations include creating a sustainable supply chain, integrating relevant stakeholders, offering training courses on waste reduction and marketing, and facilitating export growth through macro-level policies aligned with product quality and market dynamics.act
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