تغییرات مکانی سیستم های اجتماعی- بوم شناختی با استفاده از ارزیابی چندمعیاره در شمال استان اردبیل (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
یکی از الزامات توانمندسازی بهره برداران مرتع و برطرف کردن چالش های اجتماعی، اقتصادی و بوم شناختی، تحلیل روابط بهره برداران و محیط اطراف آن ها است. رابطه دوطرفه و تعامل انسان و طبیعت به عنوان سیستم های اجتماعی-بوم شناختی شناخته می شوند. آسیب پذیری، تاب آوری و ظرفیت سازگاری به عنوان سه ویژگی مرتبط با سیستم اجتماعی-بوم شناختی مشخص شده است. لذا، هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تغییرات مکانی سیستم های اجتماعی-بوم شناختی بر اساس معیارهای آسیب پذیری، تاب آوری و ظرفیت سازگاری و اولویت بندی دهستان های شمال استان اردبیل با استفاده از ارزیابی چندمعیاره است. بر اساس هدف تحقیق و ابعاد مختلف سیستم های اجتماعی-اکولوژیک، زیرمعیارهای پژوهش انتخاب شد. در ادامه مقادیر زیرمعیارها با استفاده از نقشه های پایه، اطلاعات اقلیمی و نیز تهیه پرسش نامه به دست آمد. با توجه به ماهیت متفاوت معیارها، مقادیر آن ها در هر دهستان با استفاده از روش حداکثر استاندارد شد. در ادامه رویکردهای مختلف وزن دهی در ارزیابی و اولویت بندی دهستان ها به کار گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد شاخص سیستم های اجتماعی-بوم شناختی دهستان های دشت، لاهرود، قره سو، مشگین غربی و مشگین شرقی در هر چهار حالت (با وزن دهی یکسان، تأکید بر معیار آسیب پذیری، تأکید بر معیار تاب آوری و تأکید بر معیار ظرفیت سازگاری) نسبت به سایر دهستان ها وضعیت مطلوب تری دارند.Spatial Variability of Socio-Ecological Systems Using Multi-Criteria Evaluation in the North of Ardabil Province
Introduction
Resolving social, economic and ecological challenges, analyzing the relationships between stakeholders and their surrounding environment is one of the requirements for empowering rangeland users. The interaction of humans and nature is defined as socio-ecological systems. Vulnerability, resilience and adaptive capacity have been identified as three characteristics related to the socio-ecological system. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to investigate the spatial changes of socio-ecological systems based on vulnerability, resilience and adaptation capacity criteria. Also, prioritization of the northern rural districts of Ardabil province using multi-criteria evaluation is another objective of the current study.
Materials and Methods
In this study, the research was conducted in the northern villages of Ardabil province. As per the Iranian Statistics Center's report from 2015, the northern region of Ardabil province comprises four cities: Meshginshahr, Germi, Bilasuvar, and Parsabad, along with 31 rural districts and 980 villages. The total population in this area is 237,907, residing in 61,412 households. The study focused on rural districts as the primary socio-ecological management units. These units encompass rural communities and rangeland ecosystems, each evaluated based on criteria such as resilience, vulnerability, and adaptive capacity. Based on the purpose of the research and different dimensions of socio-ecological systems, the research sub-criteria were selected. Data for the sub-criteria were gathered through mapping, climate data, and questionnaire analysis. To standardize the values across different rural districts, the maximum method was applied due to the varying nature of the criteria. Then, different weighting methods were then employed to evaluate and prioritize the rural districts accordingly.
Results and Discussion
The analysis results indicate that Shaban and Lahrud rural districts in Meshginshahr county have the highest vulnerability scores (0.871 and 0.867), while Aslandoz and North Qashlaq rural districts in Parsabad county have the lowest scores (0.448 and 0.483). This suggests that Shaban and Lahrud are in a more vulnerable situation compared to Aslandoz and North Qeshlaq. In terms of resilience, central Arshagh and West Qashlaq rural districts in Parsabad county have the lowest values (0.252 and 0.286), while the two western Meshgin and Meshginshahr Ghareso rural districts have the highest values (0.692 and 0.691) among all rural districts. Additionally, the adaptive capacity criterion shows that Dasht and Lahrud rural districts in Meshginshahr exhibit the highest favorability (0.797 and 0.864), whereas Angirlu and South Qeshlaq rural districts in Bilasuvar have lower favorability compared to other districts (0.111 and 0.145). Furthermore, the zoned maps of socio-ecological system index values revealed that when applying equal weighting or adjusting the weight of each criterion, there were no significant variations in the socio-ecological system index across rural districts. Notably, the analysis indicated that the southern rural districts in the research area exhibited more favorable socio-ecological conditions compared to other regions. Consequently, it is imperative to implement robust measures to conserve nature and the environment, provide support to rural communities, and align efforts with sustainable development objectives. This approach will facilitate informed decision-making and effective management of plans and projects aimed at enhancing social-ecological systems.
Conclusions
The results showed that the index of socio-ecological systems of Dasht, Lahrud, Qarasu, Western Meshgin and Eastern Meshgin rural districts in all four weighting approach conditions (with the same weighting, emphasis on vulnerability criteria, emphasis on resilience criteria and emphasis on adaptation capacity criteria) are more desirable compared to other rural districts. Overall, it is important to acknowledge that rural communities face greater challenges compared to urban areas in various aspects. When natural disasters strike, these communities are particularly vulnerable and have limited resources to recover. Therefore, it is crucial for management efforts to focus on maintaining favorable conditions and enhancing vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity in lower prioritized regions. Based on the research results, it is recommended to prioritize intra-regional and inter-regional equity to establish sustainable development and service indicators effectively. Special attention should be given to the spatial and physical organization of rural villages.
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