عوامل کلیدی مؤثر در احیای فضاهای ناکارآمد شهری با رویکرد ارتقای کیفی (موردمطالعه: محلۀ بیسیم زنجان) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
چکیده یکی از معضلات شهرهای معاصر، وجود بافت های ناکارآمد شهری است که اغلب موجب ناپایداری در ابعاد مختلف شده و محلات شهری را با چالش های جدی مواجه کرده است. با عنایت به ضرورت احیای این نوع فضاها، هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی عوامل مؤثر در ارتقای کیفی فضاهای ناکارآمد شهری از دیدگاه ساکنان محلات مستقر در این نوع بافت هاست. در این پژوهش کاربردی، که به روش توصیفی- تحلیلی تهیه شده است، وضعیت عوامل پنج گانه «کالبدی»، «اجتماعی»، «عملکردی»، «اقتصادی» و «مدیریتی» با نظرسنجی از ساکنان محله و انجام آزمون T تک نمونه ای ارزیابی و سپس با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل عاملی اولویت بندی شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش را، ساکنان محله بیسیم زنجان و نمونه آماری را ساکنان 20 سال به بالای این محله تشکیل می دهد. نتایج بررسی ها حکایت از سطح پایین کیفیت محیطی و نارضایتی ساکنان از وضعیت نامناسب محله بیسیم دارد که بهبود این وضعیت مستلزم توجه به ترجیحات ساکنان و تصورات ذهنی آنهاست. ارزیابی ها نیز نشان دهنده آن است که عامل «اقتصادی» با وزن 621/0 در رتبه نخست اولویت، عوامل «عملکردی» و «کالبدی» با وزن 592/0 در رتبه دوم و عوامل «مدیریتی» و «اجتماعی» نیز با وزن 583/0 و 507/0 به ترتیب در رتبه های بعدی قرار دارد. درخصوص متغیرها نیز «قیمت مسکن»، «حضورپذیری فضاها»، «تعمیر و نگهداری ساختمان ها»، «سازمان فضایی و نفوذپذیری» و «دسترسی و ارتباطات فضایی» به ترتیب بیشترین تأثیر را در ارتقای کیفیت محیطی این محله دارد.Investigating the Key Effective Factors in Reviving Inefficient Urban Spaces with the Approach of Quality Improvement (Case Study: Bisim Neighborhood of Zanjan)
Introduction One of the problems faced by contemporary cities is the existence of inefficient urban structures, which often cause instability in various dimensions and make urban neighborhoods encounter serious challenges. Despite the existence of "theoretical foundations", unfortunately, the "comprehensive approach and attitude" in dealing with these spaces has not been able to provide a basic solution to organize the chaotic and disturbed faces of these urban neighborhoods. Perhaps, the lack of processing theoretical bases in addition to security has distorted their historical and architectural identities to a great extent. Considering the necessity of reviving these types of spaces, the current study aimed to improve the environmental qualities of such neighborhoods and find effective quality criteria in reviving inefficient spaces. Methodology In this applied research, which was prepared using a descriptive-analytical method, the five "physical", "social", "functional", "economic" and "management" factors were evaluated by surveying the residents of the studied neighborhood and performing a one-sample T-test. Then, they were prioritized by using the factor analysis test. The research statistical population included the residents of Bisim Neighborhood in Zanjan and the statistical sample consisted of the 20-year-old residents of this neighborhood. Discussion The results indicated the low level of environmental quality in Bisim Neighborhood and the residents' dissatisfaction with its poor condition. Thus, improvement of this situation required attention to the residents' preferences and their mental perceptions. The evaluations also showed that the "economic" factor with a weight of 0.621 was the first priority; the "functional" and "physical" factors with a weight of 0.592 were in the second place; and the "managerial" and "social" factors with the weights of 0.583 and 0.507 were in the next ranks, respectively. From the points of view of the residents of Bisim Neighborhood, the components of "housing price", "presence of spaces", "repair and maintenance of buildings", "spatial organization and permeability", and "access and spatial communication" respectively had the greatest impacts on improving the environmental quality of this neighborhood. Conclusion Since paying attention to the physical, social, economic, functional, and management dimensions are necessary and complementary to each other in order to improve the condition of inefficient tissues, in this research, the effective factors in improving the environmental quality in inefficient urban spaces were extracted from the theoretical bases and research literature. They were investigated after being implemented in the Bisim Neighborhood of Zanjan City. The results of the assessment of these factors indicated the residents' dissatisfaction with the poor condition of Bisim Neighborhood. The values obtained from the results of the one-sample T-test also showed the fact that this neighborhood was at a low level of environmental quality and improving this situation required paying attention to the residents' preferences and their mental perceptions. Keywords: environmental quality, wornout texture, inefficient spaces, residents' preferences, Bisim Neighborhood of Zanjan References - Azhar, J. (2019). Exploring the Potential of Urban Leftover Spaces , (Unpublished doctoral Philosophy). Victoria University , Wellington, Ph.D. - Filip, S. & Cocean, P. (2021), Urban industrial brownfields: constraints and Opportunities in Romania, Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences , Vol. 7, No. 4, p. 155 – 164 - Thomson, G. & Newman, P. (2018).Urban fabrics and urban metabolism–from sustainable to regenerative cities. Resources, Conservation and Recycling , 132, 218-229. - Basova1, S. Sopirova1, A. and Kristianova1, K. (2019). Potential of Recycling Urban Territories, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering , 471, 9.
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