درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The present research explores some of the most significant aspects of COVID-19 outbreak from the perspective of criminology and from a comparative viewpoint between Iran’s and world’s Data. Describing the current pandemic as deviance is one aspect of this approach upon which an argument arises for explaining the COVID-19 outbreak as deviance from a criminological approach. The criminal effects of COVID-19 is another part of discussion through which relationships between the pandemic and crime rates, and some of types of crimes, including economic crime and domestic violence are examined. The findings show that overall, crime rates have fluctuated in the advent of COVID-19, and while the current pandemic has caused an increase in some types of crimes, but yet, it entails a reduction in many types of crime. Finally, the article concludes that the current pandemic has different impacts on criminality according to the assumption that ‘disease’ alongside ‘crime’ endanger the human health as a whole. Therefore, the main question is how humanity could preserve their physical health from dangers of COVID, and their mental health from risks and unpleasant effects of criminality, particularly fear of crime and moral panic?

Wind environment in the populated built area especially in campus is important. This s tudy tes ted 57 crossroad spots over of the whole campus in North China University of Technology (NCUT). The data of wind speed and direction were measured at fixed time and fixed place. The average, maximum values as well as the speed variation scale were calculated. Wind comfort criteria were adopted to examine the spots of s till wind zone, wake flow zone and risky zone. The overall measured data in wind scale map was analyzed to find out the changes of wind speed and direction in different seasons and in different locations of the school. Research and analysis show that The results show that the overall wind environment of the campus is good, the average wind speed is between 0.04-4.8, the average wind speed in spring (1.38m/s) is slightly larger than that in autumn (0.87m/s). However, the overall frequency of campus wind comfort location measurement is not high (52% and 30% in spring and autumn respectively). Finally, with analysis results, some sugges tions were given to improve the wind environment of NCUT campus. Additional CFD simulations are undertaken in order to help identifying the wind risky points.

   The histories of architectural design and town planning are replete with references to creating a better quality of human life. One of the approaches to enhancing human existence is Vāstu Vidyā , the knowledge of design and building from the ancient Vedic tradition. More recently, Vāstu Vidyā has been repurposed to include not only architectural practice and construction but also considered in light of the consciousness of the designer and builder and the need for a more ‘enlightened’ approach to design. Such a consideration is called Maharishi Vedic Architecture (MVA). Some of the features of MVA include a concern for orientation of the building to cardinal east, the position and proportion of rooms within the dwelling, and considerations of slope and relation to the early morning sun. Such features are said to enhance the creativity, health, and happiness of occupants.  The purpose of the present study is to explore the experiences of individuals who reside in homes designed according to the principles of MVA. Triangulated quantitative and qualitative results from an international mixed-methods survey of 158 individuals in 14 countries indicate this approach to architectural design contributes to individual and family quality of life, specifically as it has been operationalized to mean changes in well-being, health, personal development, and success. On a quality-of-life scale, the study found a statistically significant difference between those living in MVA for more than three years compared to those living in MVA for less than three years ( F = 1.89, p = .02), however no difference was observed between experiences for people living in different locations.  

This study focused on the pedagogical application of priming in an EFL context. Structural priming refers to the speakers’ tendency to produce the structure they encountered in recent discourse in subsequent production compared to an alternative form. Given the limited number of studies in the literature with a focus on the application of priming in L2 teaching and the problems that L2 learners face during speech production, the present study aimed at investigating whether the implication of priming leads to a more frequent oral and written production of the relative clause (RC) structure compared to adjectival modification of nouns (AN) in long- and short-terms as an instance of implicit learning. Participants consisted of 60 EFL female L2 learners, aged between 18-25 years old. Two experimental and 1 control groups were defined and 20 participants were allocated to each group. By applying a pretest, a treatment, an immediate posttest, a delayed posttest design, a picture description task, and a grammaticality judgment test (GJT), the data were gathered. Results of the descriptive and inferential analyses revealed that the implication of priming led to an improvement in the rate of the RC construction when the participants were involved in the written production of the L2, as compared to oral modality. Results are discussed based on structural complexity and procedures involved in L2 production. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are considered, too.

In the educational setting of Iran, language assessment literacy (LAL) is still an underexplored issue. This paper investigated the development of LAL among EFL students taking language assessment course at state universities in Iran. The three components of LAL (i.e., knowledge, skills, and principles) were the focus of the inquiry. To collect the required data, a questionnaire, encompassing 83 Likert items and a set of open-ended questions, was developed, and responses from 92 course instructors were collected. Teaching and assessment practices of two course instructors were also observed throughout an educational semester. SPSS (26) was used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that these courses mainly focused on knowledge and skills, overlooking the principles of assessment. Adherence to traditional assessment approaches, use of inappropriate teaching materials, and lack of practical works in assessment also characterized the investigated courses. The paper concludes with suggestions to better design language assessment courses to increase the assessment literacy of English graduates who will probably enter the teaching contexts after graduation.