۱.
Of the various literary works, which have come to exist during the centuries and civilizations, few are capable of remaining in the universal history of literature and culture. Also among these few, only finger trip has become immortal on the people's mind and memory. One might conclude that having joint humanistic concerns is a cause for the immortality of any work of art or literature. The more a literary work deals with commons, questions, subjectivities and human pains, more people will find their own feelings and "their heart word" in it. Undoubtedly, "Saadi’s Golestan" can be considered one of such works. The present study reconsiders Saadi’s Golestan in terms of anxieties and concerns that contemporary human beings are encountered with. Since Saadi’s strategies and techniques are based on his humanitarian experiences, wisdom and high qualities of genius, intellect and attention to readers, in many situations, it appears to be a solution for the contemporary human problems, and this is the secret to the Golestan’s durability. The research, using descriptive–analytic method and through an inter-textual and induction approach, tries to explain Saadi's humanitarian views and his strategies and techniques to respond to the contemporary human pains and challenges. According to the outcomes of the research, a great part of Saadi's sayings in Golestan is based on his humanistic views and his solutions to the social and spiritual (existential) anxieties and crises. Therefore, his teachings, surpassing the place and time, often can be a healing to the contemporary human's sufferings and a solution for his ongoing challenges.
۲.
Modern-minded man, as the modern time necessities, believes in the concrete world, and if does not deny metaphysics, he finds it unperceivable and unreachable and hence, ignores some of his potential and spiritual abilities. Metaphysics form man’s spiritual life, absence of which results in mental nervousness and leads to nihilism, and thus death, men’s inevitable final destiny, appears like a monster. To be away from which and forget it, man requires engaging himself in the concrete, and not reflecting upon death at all. This paper attempts to investigate the questions as: How does Molavi perceive metaphysics? How does he engage himself with it? And while he follows his religious and spiritual way of thinking, how the face of death is displayed in Molavi’s thoughts? Molavi’s works represent a human’s perception and experience gained from the Prophets’ teachings which were put into practice in Molavi’s own life. One can find lots of Molavi's couplets dealing with the same, pondering upon which can smooth the harshness of the concrete world in the light of the spiritual world, and generate yet another type of world
۳.
One of the major problems in today's hectic world is that people have no time to think about the man and his role in the universe. They are constantly trying to move forward without paying any attention to the detail, the correctness of the step, and everything which is ahead of them. It seems that previous philosophers have more time and patience in this matter and have given more attention to it. One of these philosophers and poets which has the power of language and use it to explain his lofty thoughts is Hakim Nezami Ganjavi. He has paid attention to public concerns and given recommendations for their improvement in all his five treasures which are ordered in succinct wise words. One of Nezami's pivotal thought through his works, especially in Khusrow and Shirin and Leili and Majnoon , is love, the love which exists in all particles and leads to the continued existence of the universe. The love that alters the existence of those people trapped in low intentions and aspirations and transforms them to the world of kindness. This paper discusses this issue and its impact on two poems, Leili and Majnoon and Khusrow and Shirin, as Nezami's global message.
۴.
Polyphony is a term applied by Bakhtin to describe the features of Dostoevsky's Poetics. According to Bakhtin, polyphony is based on dialogism and to respect to the others 'opinion. In this case, polyphony is an achievement that releases human thought of dogmatism. Molavi, prior to Bakhtin, emphasized on otherness and avoidance of dogmatism and selfdom. Polyphony is a twentieth century idiom and he did not theorize it, the principles of polyphony as a universal message for human society can be seen in Molavi's thought and works. This article examines Molavi̓ s polyphonic view and tries to show it in Molavi's works especially in Mathnavis. The conclusion shows that there are the elements and roots of polyphonic thinking in Molavi̕ s work; Molavi presents polyphony through the elements such as: coexistence of binary oppositions, relativism, to respect to the other`s ideas.
۵.
The concepts used in Iqbal Lahori's poetry indicate that the political, social, and cultural settings of the time had greatly influenced his ideas. Influenced by three sources, namely the philosophy based on spiritual perfection, a kind of pan-Islamic approach to propagate among Muslims, and a political view toward his own country, Iqbal deals with the modern socio-political crises plaguing Muslims and drawing upon guidelines received from Molavi-his master whose ideas can be a great source of inspiration to solve new problems of the Islamic world and the colonized nations-he addressed many of these problems. In Javid Nama, he believes that desperately romantic poets are the hearts of the nations and give the body the life-giving blood. Such poets create liveliness in their nations. Iqbal calls them "the Prophet's heirs", who carry the burden of guiding people. Jalal-e-din Mohammad Balkhi, is the symbol of a committed and passionate poet who is the source of life to his nation and transforms the universe through his burning voice. To Iqbal, he is the pioneer of the lovers, whom he is the guide. In Iqbal's view, Rumi master us a fellow-traveler whose company brings salvation and bliss. He advises the followers of the path of divine love to accompany him so that, through his blessings, they know themselves and do great things inspired by strong belief and reach their eventual goal.
۶.
Of the various literary works, which have come to exist during the centuries and civilizations, few are capable of remaining in the universal history of literature and culture. Also among these few, only finger trip has become immortal on the people's mind and memory. One might conclude that having joint humanistic concerns is a cause for the immortality of any work of art or literature. The more a literary work deals with commons, questions, subjectivities and human pains, more people will find their own feelings and "their heart word" in it. Undoubtedly, "Saadi’s Golestan" can be considered one of such works. The present study reconsiders Saadi’s Golestan in terms of anxieties and concerns that contemporary human beings are encountered with. Since Saadi’s strategies and techniques are based on his humanitarian experiences, wisdom and high qualities of genius, intellect and attention to readers, in many situations, it appears to be a solution for the contemporary human problems, and this is the secret to the Golestan’s durability. The research, using descriptive–analytic method and through an inter-textual and induction approach, tries to explain Saadi's humanitarian views and his strategies and techniques to respond to the contemporary human pains and challenges. According to the outcomes of the research, a great part of Saadi's sayings in Golestan is based on his humanistic views and his solutions to the social and spiritual (existential) anxieties and crises. Therefore, his teachings, surpassing the place and time, often can be a healing to the contemporary human's sufferings and a solution for his ongoing challenges
