فیلتر های جستجو: فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۴۱ تا ۶۰ مورد از کل ۵۰۸ مورد.
۴۱.

Challenges of Creating and Operating Digital Libraries in the Digital Age in Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Digital Transformation Digital Library Challenge resolve

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 167 تعداد دانلود : 317
One of the most important issues for libraries in the age of digital transformation is digital content management from the perspective of resource digitization. The purpose of this article is to examine the challenges of implementing and implementing digital libraries in Iran and to provide solutions to solve it. In this study, using a review of the literature research, the challenges of building and launching digital libraries in Iran were investigated. Then, with using likert scale,the challenge ranked by experts in the field of digital library construction in Iran. These challenges were weighted using the AHP Analytic Hierarchy method. Finally, a framework was devised to solve them. Based on findings there are issues and challenges in the field of human force, copyright and legal issues, information security and protection, confusion in the organization of digital resources, lack of budget, difficulty in accessing digital library software, and its distance from global standards. To solve the challenges of building a digital library, it is necessary to pay attention to the following solutions: Holding training courses to get acquainted with the operation of digital devices, Fair or free use of works, Use of global data identification system, Set an adequate budget for digitizing resources, Creating constructive interactions between experts in the field of digital libraries inside and outside countries to transfer lessons learned globally.
۴۲.

Location-based Services as Marketing Promotional Tools to Provide Value-added in E-tourism(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Brand Image Brand Loyalty E-tourism Location-based Services WOM marketing tools

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 57 تعداد دانلود : 149
Purpose :  E-tourism is the most cost-effective way to communicate with the target market and to publish information. It is also an easy way for customers to buy travel products. Recent advances in mobile communication technologies are leading the way for the next generation of travel commercial applications. Location-based services are among these facilities available on the mobile platform. These services use mobile tracking techniques to provide users with relevant information at the right time, based on their current location. This study investigates the LBSs value in tourism and their effect on destination brand equity components and tourist behavior. Method : The sample of the study totaled 210 visitors from Isfahan as one of the popular tourist cities in the world. The research hypotheses were analyzed using Smart-PLS3 software. Findings : The research findings revealed that LBSs have positive and significant effects on destination brand image, destination brand loyalty and WOM. Conclusion : As this paper is among the first studies investigating the positive effect of LBS on destination brand equity components and tourist behavior, the findings are beneficial for DMOs and their marketing managers. Due to their potential to create a unique travel experience as well as to personalize and tailor tourism services based on tourists' needs and personal preferences, LBS provide them with significant added value.
۴۳.

An Analytical Approach to Categorize Knowledge Organization Systems (KOSs) in Digital Content Engineering and Management(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 693 تعداد دانلود : 791
Purpose: The principal purpose of the present article is to analyze the technical mechanisms and the categorization procedure of thesaurus, ontology, and their types in storage and retrieval of digital and non-digital content. The types of knowledge organization systems (KOSs) which are addressed in this article are Roget’s thesaurus, thesauri, Micro, Macro and Meta thesaurus, ontologies, and lower, middle, or upper-level ontologies. The study attempts to demonstrate categorization the procedure through determining the position of KOSs in the context of data, information, and knowledge (DIK) by explaining their engineering mechanisms such as data, information, and knowledge engineering in content storage and retrieval, especially digital content. Method: The research method relies on documented and historical methodology. Findings: As ontologies have taken the highest position amidst KOSs in making digital resources available in a web based environment, it is suggested that Iran and other developing countries use the capacities and capabilities of ontologies, especially in the development of national ontologies, in order to construct their knowledge-based infrastructure and system to achieve high performance in digital content engineering and management.
۴۴.

Symmetric Information Interaction Model: Redefinition Of the Place of Technology in Information Interaction(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Information interaction information seeking symmetric model technology agency Human non-human

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 538 تعداد دانلود : 977
The aim of this study is to review and redefine the interaction process with information based on a holistic approach. The data required for this qualitative study were collected through semi-structured interviews among 18 individuals and analyzed using thematic analysis. The network of themes making up the information interactions consists of 5 global themes which have been extracted among 23 organizing ones. These themes include the beginning, orientation, networking, and consolidation, which can be interpreted in terms of the symmetry theme as a kind of looking at humans and non-humans in a three-layered context including the internal, external, and technology-tools contexts. The new view of interaction with information has taken it beyond the interpretation scope from the human user’s perspective and observes it alongside non-human factors. As a result of such an approach, the non-human factors in the role of infrastructure and technology-tool context, meet specific and interpretable effects along with human ones, external and internal contexts.
۴۵.

Evaluation of COVID-19 Spread Effect on the Commercial Instagram Posts using ANN: A Case Study on The Holy Shrine in Mashhad, Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: social media Classification Coronavirus word embedding Artificial Intelligence

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 240 تعداد دانلود : 888
The widespread deployment of social media has helped researchers access an enormous amount of data in various domains, including the the COVID-19 pandemic. This study draws on a heuristic approach to classify Commercial Instagram Posts (CIPs) and explores how the businesses around the Holy Shrine were impacted by the pandemic. Two datasets of Instagram posts (one gathered data from March 14th to April 10th, 2020, when Holy Shrine and nearby shops were closed, and one extracted data from the same period in 2019), two word embedding models – aimed at vectorizing associated caption of each post, and two neural networks – multi-layer perceptron and convolutional neural network – were employed to classify CIPs in 2019. Among the scenarios defined for the 2019 CIPs classification, the results revealed that the combination of MLP and CBoW achieved the best performance, which was then used for the 2020 CIPs classification. It was found out that the fraction of CIPs to total Instagram posts has increased from 5.58% in 2019 to 8.08% in 2020, meaning that business owners were using Instagram to increase their sales and continue their commercial activities to compensate for the closure of their stores during the pandemic. Moreover, the portion of non-commercial Instagram posts (NCIPs) in total posts has decreased from 94.42% in 2019 to 91.92% in 2020, implying the fact that since the Holy Shrine was closed, Mashhad residents and tourists could not visit it and take photos to post on their Instagram accounts.
۴۶.

A STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE ACCESS DISTRIBUTION TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:

کلید واژه ها: Knowledge access distribution tools Knowledge Management knowledge access distribution knowledge sharing culture

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 982
The purpose of this study is to research factors associated with knowledge distribution that managers can leverage to ensure a strong innovation management process and successfully deliver technological innovations to the intended consumer. These approaches have strengths and weaknesses of their own about technological advances, user's reception, adaptability, and success rate within the real intelligence of generating knowledge. The learning of data access distribution- how an individual/ the organization obtains access to any individual's own and other knowledge-has emerged as a key research area from a broad and deep field of study on technology transfer and innovation, and more recently from the sector of strategic management. Increasingly, knowledge access sharing research has moved to an organizational learning perspective. Indeed, experience and research suggest that successful knowledge access sharing involves extended learning processes and not simply communication processes, as ideas associated with development and innovation need. This paper provides basic concepts of data access distribution and its means of realization
۴۷.

Designing the Conceptual Model of Digital Library Evaluation using the Fuzzy Delphi Method(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:

کلید واژه ها: Digital Libraries evaluation 5S Framework Evaluation Model Fuzzy Delphi Method

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 853 تعداد دانلود : 78
Purpose: The present paper aims at identifying and extracting the dimensions, components, and criteria of digital library evaluation based on experts` opinions and the 5S conceptual framework of Goncalves.Methodology: This was an applied, documentary, and survey research making the best use of the fuzzy Delphi method (to extract criteria and develop the conceptual model), forming a trinity in methodology. To refine the components, and criteria, 20 Iranian and foreign experts were polled about digital libraries in 3 stages. The results of each stage were refined based on Minkowski formula. This was an applied research since it presented the evaluation criteria of Iranian digital libraries, and its results can be practically used, enabling digital libraries to evaluate and examine their status quo, and accordingly plan and enhance their activities. It was a descriptive study based on the research design and data collection method. To gather the data, three methods were used: documentary study, fuzzy Delphi (to extract criteria and develop the conceptual model), and survey, creating a trinity in methodology. Findings: During the three stages of the experts` poll, in Stream component 4 criteria, Structure component 4, Space component 4, Scenario component 5 and in societies component 3 ones were refined and also the results of each stage were refined using the formulas of Cheng and Lin model and ultimately the experts agreed with each other on 20 criteria. Conclusion: A digital library evaluation model was designed with 5 dimensions (components), 20 criteria, and 50 sub-criteria. It was offered to all organizations and universities as an evaluation model for digital library performance examination, so that they properly perceive the efficiency and effectiveness of digital libraries and their services.
۴۸.

Building children and adolescents’ electronic book reading system: a conceptual model(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Building Children electronic book System Conceptual Model

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 662 تعداد دانلود : 499
Regarding to design an applicable electronic book reading system for children and adolescent, this study’s struggle is to prepare a conceptual model. We used quantitative approach and Delphi method in order to analyze data. In this regard, criterion based sampling is used to identify the research population. 15 experts were identified which had criteria such as having subjective publications, teaching experience, and so on. We supposed that these experts could present more information that we expected to collect. Moreover, 8 electronic book systems were selected to be reviewed, because of their plenty of active audiences, and their international and also standard presence. Firstly identified practical criteria in designing electronic books by extracting them from related resources and checking active systems. These data helped us to prepare primitive version of the checklist and it completed after passing validity control step with participation of three experts. Then the checklist presented to experts in Delphi panel. Finally, consensus on the components was reached after three rounds of Delphi panel. The results showed that in designing electronic books for children, there are five original components. The components are display screen features with 12 criteria, screen organization with 13 criteria, interaction and feedback with 8 criteria, search and retrieval features with 10 criteria, and help and guidance features with 10 criteria. Consequently, display screen features with score of 3,706 and interaction and feedback with score of 3,700 were selected as the most important components in designing electronic book systems by the viewpoints of Delphi experts.
۴۹.

Thematic Clusters of the Intellectual Structure in the Field of Digital Content Management(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Digital Content Management Co-word Analysis Hierarchical clustering Thematic clusters Intellectual Structure Strategic Diagram

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 264 تعداد دانلود : 265
Purpose: The research aims to visualize and analyze co-word network, and thematic clusters of the intellectual structure in the field of digital content management during 2010-2020. Method: The study is applied research with a descriptive approach which is conducted by techniques of co-word, and social network analysis. Data analysis and visualization of the co-word network were represented by SPSS, UCINet, and Python programming language. Findings: 8 main clusters are identified. The cluster multimedia content management & retrieval is the most mature and central thematic cluster. The USA and various sub-categories of Computer Science are located in the top ranks of WOS in the field. Most productions were published in 2020. Generally, the Clusters were labeled in two contexts of health and LAM (Libraries, Archives, Museums, and cultural heritage). Conclusion: Content-based management and retrieval are focused on artificial intelligence, decision-supported, knowledge-based and ontological techniques which are conducted as novel approaches and underlying trends in the field.
۵۰.

A Study of knowledge Access Distribution Tools and Technology(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:

کلید واژه ها: Knowledge access distribution tools Knowledge Management knowledge access distribution knowledge sharing culture knowledge creation knowledge dissemination

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 270 تعداد دانلود : 604
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to research factors associated with knowledge distribution that managers can leverage to ensure a strong innovation management process and successfully deliver technological innovations to the intended consumer. Method: These approaches have strengths and weaknesses of their own about technological advances, user's reception, adaptability, and success rate within the real intelligence of generating knowledge. Findings: The learning of data access distribution- how an individual/ the organization obtains access to any individual's own and other knowledge has emerged as a key research area from a broad and deep field of study on technology transfer and innovation, and more recently from the sector of strategic management. Increasingly, knowledge access sharing research has moved to an organizational learning perspective. Indeed, experience and research suggest that successful knowledge access sharing involves extended learning processes and not simply communication processes, as ideas associated with development and innovation need. Conclusion: This study provides basic concepts of data access distribution and its means of realization.
۵۱.

Clustering of the Iranian Asthma and allergy specialists'''' clinical information-seeking behavior by Neural network analysis(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Clustering Clinical Information Seeking Behavior Cohesion Self Organized Neural Network Asthma & Allergy Research Institute (IAARI) Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 42
Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the information retrieval and information therapy behavior of Asthma and allergy specialists in the country, based on cohonen self-organized neural network model. Methods: The methodology of the present study, which is an applied study in terms of purpose, has been done by descriptive-survey method using neural network technique. The tool of this research is a researcher-made questionnaire that was distributed among a sample of people in the community (149 people). After collecting the data, the neural network was selected for data clustering and using MATLAB software, Asthma and allergy specialists were clustered based on the main components of the research. Then, by removing each of the main sub-components of the research, the most effective and least effective option in their information-seeking behavior in working with information resources in this specialized field was determined. Results: The most effective component in clustering information barriers, was "lack of time due to workload" and the least was "distance of libraries and information centers". About information retrieval skills, the most effective component is " knowing what keywords to use when searching the Internet, and to be familiar with synonyms and terms related to the information I need." Conclusion: By studying the clustering of information behaviors resulting from the information needs of Asthma and allergy specialists, their needs are recognized, and this is one of the measures that provides the basis for effective research, appropriate findings and ,consequently, informational decision-making for those involved in this field.
۵۲.

The Semantically Rich Learning Environments: A Systematic Literature Review(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Semantic technology (ST) E-Learning Educational semantic technology (EST) Semantic Web (SW) Ontology

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 485 تعداد دانلود : 262
By presenting the possibility of automatic reasoning by machines, semantic technology provides a new method for managing data and utilizing artificial intelligence based on formal and explicit patterns; emergence of these technologies in e-learning has enabled the development of next-generation learning and has created semantic-rich learning environments; So that, some researchers refer to this phenomenon as the next big wave in educational technologies. Despite the undeniable importance of this phenomenon and the many studies that have been done on semantic-rich learning environments, there is no combined knowledge that can demonstrate the evolved nature of these environments and related theories. the research, with the aim of extracting repetitive themes in the field of semantic-rich learning and expressing the basic opportunities and challenges in this field, systematically reviews the articles published in the WOS database, during the years 2000 to 2020 using the paradigm funnel technique; and has used Nvivo software in document analysis and theme extraction.
۵۳.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Evidence in Digital Environment and Forecasting the Corona Virus Outbreak in the UK, Spain and Belgium(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Corona virus Outbreak KAP Spain Belgium

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 76 تعداد دانلود : 719
Based on Statista reports as of April 7, 2020, there have been 52,624 deaths in Europe due to COVID-19 since the first recorded European death in France on February 15. We compared two models to assess the outbreak of coronavirus in the UK, Spain and Belgium, their healthcare expenditure and the number of hospital beds as two indices of the healthcare system. Base and advance exponential smoothing models were used to forecast the total number of new cases and fatalities in the next 15 days for each of the evaluated countries, with an upper and lower banding. The models were fine-tuned with temporal granularity and an adjust seasonality set to seven days. Furthermore, the study assessed the healthcare capacity of these countries by looking at key metrics at a national level and tried to compare them in a relative term by drawing correlations between the total number of cases and fatalities. In addition, the current study compared the three countries according to the KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE and PRACTICE (KAP) system and found the associated similarities. Also, the gaps in KAP on WHO level was appraised. The KAP shortfalls at all levels of international, governmental, organizational and individual levels were recognized. The success of the implementation of any intervention in the prevention of coronavirus epidemics is highly dependent on KAP of people, organizations and governments. Finally, a multicomponent system at international level is proposed to tackle the future infectious pandemics.
۵۴.

Digital Resources Management Based on Open Archival Information System(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Digital Resources Management Central Library of Allameh Tabataba'i University OAIS Reference Model

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 129 تعداد دانلود : 281
The purpose of the paper was to identify the status of digital resources management in the central library of Allameh Tabatabae’i University based on the open Archival Information System(OAIS) reference Model template .The Methodology and approach was carried out in terms of the nature of the applied and case study method. The director and staff of the Central Library of Allameh Tabatabae’i University were research community. By reviewing the literature and resources available in relation to digital resource management, a six-part log is provided for this research. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (calculating abundance, frequency and mean) and interpretation. The Findings was designed to determine the significance of the 6 subsystems of the OAIS model. Among them, the "subsystem of acceptance and processing" with 90%, the access subsystem with 81%, the subsystem of management with 70%, archiving storage subsystem "with 71%, data management subsystem with 59% , Maintenance and Maintenance Planning subsystem "with 52% percent respectively, was obtained for the digital resources management of the Central Digital Library of AllamehTabataba'i University.
۵۵.

The Perception of Iranian Teachers on Online Teaching Using Digital Carrier During the COVID-19 Pandemic(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: COVID-19 online classes distance teaching teachers’ perceptions Iran

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 739 تعداد دانلود : 609
Purpose: School closures in Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic have caused a movement wave to hold classes online. Although, there had been some online classes for some courses, online teaching, and learning for students and school teachers have been an unprecedented experience; consequently, most teachers and students have a limited experience with it. This paper examines the Perception of Iranian Teachers on Distance Teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic Methodology: The research method was a descriptive survey. Data was collected through an online questionnaire with 5 questions, involving 214 participants from schools in Iran. Findings: The findings show it has been the first experience with online classes for most teachers and Creating content for online classes and low levels of teacher's pedagogical digital competence are of the most significant challenges for teachers. Conclusion: Along with these alternations, it has been felt the need for instructional strategies, technological readiness to implement online learning, and teacher training courses with regard to modern technologies, as well as changes in national curricula must be made to increase flexibility and technological readiness.
۵۶.

Identifying and Modeling Factors Affecting Success or Failure of Gamification in Organizational Training(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Gamification Organizational Training Interactive Management

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 177 تعداد دانلود : 125
The importance of training in organizations cannot be overlooked. This has motivated organizational decision-makers to look for new ways for achieving proper training in order to reach their organizational goals. Nowadays, one of new approaches to realize the training and gaining an effective output is gamification. Many factors can influence the use of this new approach in organizational training. Therefore, the present research seeks to identify and model the factors affecting on success and failure of gamification in organizational training. Accordingly, qualitative research method is used in this research. Also, three processes is conducted to collect data needed to answer the research question. In the first step, semi-structured interview is used to identify the factors affecting on gamification of organizational training. In the second step, the Interactive Management (IM) method is used to identify and extract the most important factors among the identified factors of the previous step. Finally, Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) software was used to model the factors and determine the causal relationships among them. The results demonstrate seven important factors which are respectively staff demographic characteristics, availability of infrastructure and facilities, staff information literacy, staff attitudes toward gamification, management attitudes towards gamification, gradual inclusion of gamification in the training process, and rich (learning) content. At the end, the research findings have been discussed.
۵۷.

The Effect of Six Sigma Lean Strategy Management on Improving the Quality of Information Therapy Services at Pediatric Medical Center(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Pure Six Sigma strategy service quality information therapy Hospital

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 588 تعداد دانلود : 883
Introduction: In the last decade, Six Sigma has emerged as a systematic and powerful approach to improving the quality of health care and controlling costs. The purpose of this article is to determine the effect of Six Sigma strategy management on improving the quality of information services in the Children's Medical Center Hospital. Research Method: The methodology of the present study, which is an applied study in terms of purpose, is a descriptive correlational survey. The statistical population of this study consists of all managers, supervisors and experts of the Children's Medical Center Hospital, whose number is 149 people. Cochran's formula has been used to determine the sample size, which according to the statistical population is 94 people. The method of selecting statistical samples is simple random sampling according to the subject and nature of the research. The required data were collected using a standard questionnaire and the data were analyzed using regression analysis through SPSS 23 software. Findings: Research findings showed that fact-based management can account for 26% of changes in the quality of information services, management of resource providers can account for 38% of changes in the quality of information services and management based on facts and information Predict 39% of changes in the quality of information services. Conclusion: Six Sigma is a systematic and statistical approach that aims to identify the shortcomings of process performance and reduce the error of those work and clinical processes that are performed with long time, high cost and poor outcome.
۵۸.

The Assesment Possibility of Building Digital Libraries in Universities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Digital Library Faculties Of University of Tehran Feasibility

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 637 تعداد دانلود : 931
Abstract: Research methods: Descriptive-survey The purpose of research is applicant, using Descriptive-survey. The tool of collecting data is questionnaire and the statistical population of this research is 17 people in charge of computer systems in colleges and 75 students. Data analysis is performed with SPSS software version 22. Findings : This study shows that 84.2% due to lack of budget allocation, 71.2% high skills needed in using digital resources, 84.4% taking 8 years and above time to set up a correct system, 88.2% more than 31 devices, 53% 5 servers 76.5% of the devices have chosen over 75% internet connectivity, 47.2% ADSL, 1mb high bandwidth, high use of fiber optics. Results: Lack of budget allocation can be considered the main problem for not creating a digital library. The level of students' skill in using digital resources is at a good level and this can be a great advantage for the University of Tehran to be able to create information resources needed by students and researchers by creating a digital library and due to the technical infrastructure a digital library can be set up conveniently in colleges.
۵۹.

Bibliometric Study of Publications in Conference Proceedings of SRFLIS Summit during 2014-2019(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

کلید واژه ها: Bibliometric study SRFLIS Conference Authorship pattern Citations analysis Publication trends

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 643 تعداد دانلود : 101
The purpose of the study is to conduct bibliometric analysis of the research articles of SRFLIS Summit- International Conferences held during the year 2014-2019 and investigate the various dimensions of bibliometric study. The paper conducts bibliometric analysis of 220 articles which were published in the form of conference papers during the covered period. The study evaluates the various aspects of published conference articles of SRFLIS Summit. The study highlights the chronological distribution of papers, authorship pattern, geographical distribution, and affiliation of authors, citation pattern and length of articles. The results explore that the majority of the contributions by two authors. It is observed that a total of 2720 citations counted to the contributions and most cited documents are journal articles. The analysis of countries found that majority of contributions are from India and authors from New Delhi published maximum papers. The study evaluates the publication trends and has important implications for scholars and researchers
۶۰.

Online Learning Initiatives and Its Effects on Teaching-Learning Process During the Covid-19 Pandemic(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:

کلید واژه ها: Online-learning Teaching -learning process Learners

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : 419 تعداد دانلود : 653
Introduction: Online learning is a technologically facilitated learning process using web sites, personal computers (PCs), tablet, cell phones, learning management system (LMS), televisions (TVs), radios, computers, mobile phone, laptop, desktop etc. from a remote distance. Online learning has changed the learning experience for many learners. Rather than sitting on traditional classroom and taking notes, learners are taking advantage of online classes and other forms of online learning. Online learning allows the widespread distribution of electronic learning materials to many learners simultaneously anywhere and anytime from a remote location. Materials and Methods: This is a questionnaire-based study on online learning and its effects on the teaching and learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic. Investigators collated the samples from different teachers and students with regard to their gender, age, community, location, working streams, qualification and experiences. Results: Based on the results obtained, online-learning has a positive effects on teaching-learning process of the learners. Conclusion: Overall, traditional learning is expensive and takes a long time, and the results can vary. Online-learning offers an alternative that is faster, cheaper, and potentially better. Online-learning has to be implemented and made available to everyone easily.

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