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ایران، سرایت امید
حوزه های تخصصی:
اراده قوی و کامیابی
منبع:
سودمند تیر ۱۳۰۵ شماره ۱
حوزه های تخصصی:
نه جنگ، نه صلح
حوزه های تخصصی:
تسری خشونت از اجتماع به سیاست ایران
حوزه های تخصصی:
کتابشناسی ژان - فرانسوا رول
حوزه های تخصصی:
وطن
منبع:
سودمند تیر ۱۳۰۵ شماره ۱
حوزه های تخصصی:
The Global Prevalence of Internet Addiction in Adolescents Post-COVID-19 Period: Examining Iran's Situation(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۴, Autumn ۲۰۲۲
673 - 703
حوزه های تخصصی:
The widespread use of the Internet has led to both beneficial and detrimental impacts on adolescents and young adults worldwide. Understanding the factors that contribute to these effects enables the development of culturally appropriate strategies for addressing them at a global scale. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global surge in Internet use, particularly among adolescents. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of Internet addiction among adolescents in Iran during the post-COVID-19 period. In this web-based cross-sectional study, 1358 Tehran-based adolescents aged 13-18 completed the Young's Internet Addiction Questionnaire. Findings revealed a 10.3% prevalence of Internet addiction among the participants following the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors such as age of first exposure to the Internet and time spent online were correlated with addiction, while gender played no significant role. Additionally, Internet addiction was significantly linked to recreational use, gaming, and insufficient parental support, but not to educational usage. By comparing the cultural contexts of Iran and other countries, this study determines Iran's standing in terms of Internet addiction and the influence of culture. The implications of the findings suggest the need for policymakers, educators, and healthcare providers to devise effective strategies to combat this emerging public health concern.
Disability and Cinema in India: Representation of Women with Disabilities in Bollywood since 1970(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۴, Autumn ۲۰۲۲
743 - 776
حوزه های تخصصی:
This study aims to examine the representation of women with disabilities (sensory impairment) in the Indian cinema, focusing on the Hindi speaking Bollywood. Three popular movies shown in Bollywood have been selected in order to investigate the way in which women with disability are represented. The movies include Koshish (i.e. ‘Effort’, (1972), Lafangey Parindey (i.e. ‘Cheeky Birds’, (2010) and Kaabil ([i.e. ‘Capable’, (2017). The year 1970 has been selected as the beginning of the time frame because it is the closest time to the first Bollywood movie (Koshish, 1972), in which a disabled woman is depicted as a leading role. To analyze the movies, Critical Disability Theory (CDT) was selected as the study’s theoretical framework, and Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA) has been applied as the study’s research method. Results reveal that the representation of women with disability has undergone significant positive changes over time, which includes variations in social status, ability and achievements, issues and concerns, patterns of pleasure, presence and acceptance, social attitude, words and phrases used, as well as changes in policies related to women with disabilities.
Pilgrimage and Conflict Resolution: The Case of Interpersonal Contact between Iranians and Iraqis in the Arbaeen Walk(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۳, summer ۲۰۲۲
539 - 565
حوزه های تخصصی:
Given the history of conflict between Iran-Iraq (1980-1988), the present paper investigates whether interpersonal contact between Iranians and Iraqis, through religious tourism, has assisted in changing the perception of the Iranians toward the Iraqis. To this aim, the researcher chooses the Arbaeen Pilgrimage—the world’s largest annual gathering in Karbala—and the interaction of the Iranians with Iraqis as its case study. To observe the cultural contact of foot pilgrims to Karbala, the researcher traveled to Iraq in 2019 for five days to participate in a 78 km. walk from Najaf to Karbala. The paper uses semi-structured face-to-face interview as research method. To account for diverse demographic characteristics of pilgrims, potential participants were approached randomly. Overall, 24 interviews with 14 female and 10 male Iranian pilgrims were conducted. Participants comprised Iranian people aged 14 to 57. Each interview lasted from 20-35 minutes. The paper uses integrated threat theory and Contact Theory to analyze the data. It will be argued that under Gordon Allport four optimal conditions-- i.e., a.) equal status; b.) common goals; c.) intergroup cooperation, and d.) support of social and institutional authorities-- intergroup contact between Iranians and Iraqis has helped in reducing prejudice, while diminishing old hostilities.
Economic Effects of Receiving IMF Loans in D8-Group Countries (Panel Data Approach)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۳, summer ۲۰۲۲
605 - 636
حوزه های تخصصی:
Economic growth is a major goal for developing countries; governments therefore strive to create favorable conditions and allocate necessary resources for the prosperity of their nations. This study examines the impact of International Monetary Fund (IMF) loans, along with other macroeconomic variables, on the economic growth of selected countries in the D8 group. The study utilizes panel data covering the period from 2001 to 2020, and employs a panel data method to investigate the effects of explanatory variables on growth. The research findings indicate that IMF loans have had a positive impact on the economic growth of member countries. Furthermore, IMF loans have contributed to the promotion of structural reforms and trade liberalization, which further enhances economic growth. Other variables, such as foreign direct investment, labor, and exports also had a positive impact on economic growth in the D8 countries. However, an increase in inflation rate has been found to have an adverse impact on economic growth. Therefore, economic policymakers in the D8 countries should seek loans for economic growth from the IMF and invest in projects that promise high returns. This study contributes to the existing literature on the relationship between IMF loans and economic growth in developing countries, and provides valuable insights for policymakers in D8 countries. The findings suggest that prudent borrowing, along with strategic investment in high-return projects, can help these countries achieve sustained economic growth.
Russian Digital Economy and Cybersecurity: An Overview of Recent Developments(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۳, summer ۲۰۲۲
439 - 498
حوزه های تخصصی:
The main purpose of this research was to examine the key metrics of the Russian digital economy and influencing factors affecting the digital economy development in Russia during the period of 2010-2020. One-way ANOVA was conducted to compare the three indicators of e-government. Results from LSD statistics indicated that there was a significant difference between the telecommunications indexes and human capital. The correlation matrix of economic influencing factors in Russia in terms of ICT application revealed that there has been a balance between the various economic sectors. Results of the Kruskal–Wallis test demonstrated that there was a significant difference between Russian financial institutions in terms of cyber-attacks. Based on the refinery methods of factor analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression model, five variables GDP, GDP per capita, R&D expenditure, cyber security, and consumer price index were removed from the analysis, and the results showed that the human capital has a significant positive impact on the development of the digital economy in Russia. Despite the significant explanatory role of the human capital index, this study strongly recommended considering the other variables, both predictive and control variables, to explain the variance in the development of digital economy in Russia.
Neofunctionalism Theory Put to Test in Central and Eastern Europe(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۴, Autumn ۲۰۲۲
705 - 742
حوزه های تخصصی:
The Three Seas Initiative harks back as another version of strategic integration in the Central and Eastern Europe. Based on the Neofunctionalism, a functional-based regionalism is expected to take roots in the region with the spillover effect into the political and institutional levels; therefore, the main question of the research study is: what is the effect of the EU on the regionalism in the Central and Eastern Europe? The hypothesis of this research states that the EU’s highly developed institutional arrangement has led to a specific type of regional arrangement to take place in the CEE under the Three Seas Initiative, which lacks highly supranational institutionalism, even though it maintains high functional and political dimensions. The main research question was investigated using the qualitative method, namely descriptive method within the theoretical framework of Neofunctionalism. Results indicate that while Central European regionalism is under the effect of political and functional spillover as well as spill-around in institutionalization, the divide between Central European conservative and Western liberal values has been used by Eurosceptic parties to accelerate the process.
EU Counter-Terrorism Strategy and Its Impact on European Security(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۴, Autumn ۲۰۲۲
777 - 804
حوزه های تخصصی:
This article examines the impact of European Union's (EU) Counter-Terrorism Strategy on European security, considering recent developments and challenges. This investigation seeks to answer two pivotal questions: (1) How do varying counter-terrorism approaches impact the effectiveness of European security measures against terrorist threats? (2) How does cooperation or divergence in counter-terrorism strategies influence Europe's broader security environment? The research explores key developments in European counter-terrorism cooperation and analyzes the effects of regional cooperation on European security dynamics, drawing on empirical evidence from recent terrorist attacks and counter-terrorism operations. Findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive and coordinated European counter-terrorism strategy, which addresses immediate security concerns and long-term drivers of radicalization and extremism. The research utilizes the method of Library Resources and Documentary Research, analyzing existing literature, academic publications, reports, and relevant documents related to counter-terrorism strategies, European security, and the interplay between terrorism and counter-terrorism in the region. The article also presents a theoretical framework of institutional cooperation to understand the implications of counter-terrorism strategies on European security. It highlights the significance of intelligence sharing, legal harmonization, capacity-building, and addressing challenges within regional and international collaborations.
Economic Resilience in Challenging Times: A Crossroads of Russia's Experience and Prospects for Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۴, Autumn ۲۰۲۲
805 - 833
حوزه های تخصصی:
significance, as they have grappled with enduring economic and political sanctions imposed by Western powers. Over time, both Iran and Russia have confronted a series of sanctions targeting their economic and financial sectors. In response to the adverse effects of these sanctions, both nations have embraced a strategy of 'resistance.' Experts contend that financial and economic sanctions induce substantial shifts in a country's macroeconomic landscape, prompting the adoption of distinct policies and strategic orientations. Against this backdrop, this research undertakes a comprehensive examination and analysis of the discourses surrounding economic resistance and resilient economies in Iran and the Russian Federation, with a focus on elucidating their commonalities and disparities. The research methodology employed in this study is the SWOT analysis method. Findings reveal that both Iran and Russia, while contending with Western sanctions, have pursued the implementation of resilient economy and economic resistance strategies, respectively. Iran's resilient economy signifies a transition towards long-term economic resilience rooted in religious principles. Conversely, Russia's economic resistance constitutes a short-term response to sanctions driven by political considerations".
Trust in Modern Medical Institution: The Perspective of COVID-19 Patients in Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۳, summer ۲۰۲۲
499 - 537
حوزه های تخصصی:
With the COVID-19 outbreak, it appears that social research to better understand how people react to epidemics, particularly this one, is a necessity. A lesser-known societal feature of COVID-19 is the trust of Corona patients in modern medical institution. The current study addresses this issue. This study drew on institutional trust theories, most notably Giddens' theory of abstract systems trust. In this study, the qualitative method was applied. Thematic analysis is a qualitative research method which was used. Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data. The statistical population for this study is comprised of Covid-19 patients who have been infected with the virus between the Covid-19 virus outbreak in Iran and September 2020, and 21 of them were chosen through a purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with these patients. According to the research findings, Corona patients' opinions can be classified into three categories: 'medical science and expertise', 'hospital environment,' and 'medical staff,' with each category containing sources of trust and distrust. The article delves deeper into sub-themes and other details. Among the COVID-19 patients who have been interviewed, there appears to be a boost in public trust in medical personnel. While these patients' trust in medical science and expertise, as well as in the hospital environment, has eroded.
Britain’s Mechanism of Tolerance in the AASR’s Role Sharing: Case Study of UK-US Conflict of Interests in Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۴, Autumn ۲۰۲۲
637 - 672
حوزه های تخصصی:
WWII and its consequences served to bring a new era of extensive cooperation between the United Kingdom and the United States, leading to the birth of the Anglo-American special relationship (AASR). However, the two countries’ global widespread interests led to inevitable conflicts of interest, mostly favoring the US. Here, the question arises: Why did postwar Britain maintain its attachment to the AASR in times of conflicting interest with America? The paper, motivated by Gidden’s definition of ontological security, discusses that the consequences of WWII not only generated for the UK physical security concerns, but also ontological insecurity. In this respect, postwar Britain, accepting an inferior role, sought a special relationship with the US to consolidate this mutual partnership in order to mitigate its ontological insecurity in the postwar world order. The paper then, by investigating two cases of British-American conflicting interests in Iran, and raising a material-ideational debate, aims to identify the advantages of ontological security theory in explaining Britain’s “mechanism of tolerance” in preserving the AASR. Otherwise stated, through the proposed conceptual framework, the paper explores the way in which ontological security needs shape the postwar UK’s behaviors to prioritize its close relations with the US, regardless of the costs.
Scarcity & the EU Resilience-Building Capacity in Moldova by Stabilizing the Transnistrian Conflict(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۳, summer ۲۰۲۲
567 - 603
حوزه های تخصصی:
Resilience-building within the EU borders is critical to ensure the security of European states. Moldova is one of the target areas for this policy due to the frozen Transnistrian conflict. The primary purpose of this article is analyzing the role of the EU in the Transnistrian conflict and why the EU resilience building activities had limited effects on the ground. The theoretical framework of this study is Mullainathan and Shafer's idea of Scarcity. Scarcity is a broad concept that means "having less than you need." The EU security scarcity has led to a security poverty. Scarcity’s capture of attention affects not only what the EU sees the world, but also the way in which it interprets and understands it. This article hypothesizes that the EU has started tunneling due to the security scarcity for resilience-building in the Transnistrian conflict, and this has led to a decrease in the bandwidth and consequently diminished the resilience-building capacity and conflict resolution in the region. The method of research is case study.
France-U.S. Negotiations on Iran Sanctions during the 1979 Hostage Crisis (Based on France’s Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs Declassified Archived Documents)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
World Sociopolitical Studies, Volume ۶, Issue ۳, summer ۲۰۲۲
411 - 437
حوزه های تخصصی:
One of the most critical issues in Iran's foreign policy is European countries' foreign policy toward the Iran-US crisis. The hostage crisis in Tehran on November 4, 1979 (Aban 13, 1358 SH) was the first Iran-US crisis to affect Iran's relations with Western countries. This study aims to investigate the following question: "What were the French policies toward the hostage crisis, and how were they formed?" To answer this question, the “strategic autonomy” framework was utilized to comprehend France's foreign policy. This research employs a "historical case study" methodology, which critically analyzes historical documents, such as press documents, official reactions, and diplomatic documents. The findings of this study indicate that the French foreign policy of this period can be analyzed using the concept of "strategic autonomy." In its relations with Iran, France adopted the policy of "independently regulating relations with a third country," "independence in foreign policy decision-making," and "ensuring the well-being of citizens," whereas in its relations with the US, it followed the policy of non-interference in the US's reciprocal crisis with the third party and maintaining economic interests.