رضا خانی

رضا خانی

مطالب
ترتیب بر اساس: جدیدترینپربازدید‌ترین

فیلتر های جستجو: فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۱ تا ۲۰ مورد از کل ۲۲ مورد.
۱.

Evaluation of English Language Teacher Professional Development Programs in an EFL Context: A Mixed Method Study(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۳۳, Spring & summer ۲۰۲۴ 194 - 213

کلید واژه ها: TPD ELT teachers Schools

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۷ تعداد دانلود : ۵۸
This study intended to assess how ELT teachers evaluate the quality of Pre and In-service TPD Programs in an EFL context. Data for this study came from a survey and follow-up interviews with 300 high school EFL teachers. The findings suggest that the ELT teachers recommend professional development programs that prioritize continuous learning, knowledge and skills updates, subject matter expertise, and technology integration in teaching practices. The study reveals challenges faced by the ELT teachers in participating in TPD programs, such as the need for innovative and updated programs, practical application focus, budget constraints, and high-quality facilitation. The characteristics of a good TPD program from the perspective of ELT teachers were also discussed, emphasizing the importance of addressing immediate needs, incorporating the latest trends and innovations, aligning with international standards, and providing support systems and collaboration opportunities. In addition, the study highlighted the motivation of the ELT teachers for professional development and the need for targeted programs to support their specific needs. Finally, suggestions were made and implications were discussed.
۲.

L2 and L3 Syntactic Development in the Light of Generative Models: An Educational Perspective(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۴, No. ۲, ۲۰۲۲ 81 - 106

کلید واژه ها: Syntactic Development ug-based theories English as a second language English as a third language

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۰۱
This study explored the syntactic acquisition by Persian monolingual and Kurdish-Persian bilingual learners of English as a second and third language and the effect of instruction on beginner learners' syntactic acquisition with reference to UG-based non-primary language learning theories. A group of EFL learners (23 Persian monolingual and 73 Kurdish-Persian bilingual learners) were selected. They were divided into beginner, intermediate and advanced levels based on their performance on the Oxford Placement Test. A grammaticality judgment test, a translation test and a functional test were used to collect data. ANOVA analyses indicated that Kurdish- Persian bilingual learners of L3 English and Persian monolingual learners of L2 English were able to reset the parametric variations related to the intended features at intermediate and advanced stages of L3 acquisition, but they failed to do so at the initial stage. The Direct Access (DA) hypothesis, the Full Transfer/Full Access (FTFA) hypothesis and the Modulated Structure Building Hypothesis (MSBH) were found to best explain the findings. Paired-samples t -test showed that instruction positively influenced the acquisition of the syntactic features by beginner-level learners after the treatment.
۳.

English Language Teaching Policy in Iran and Singapore: A Qualitative Meta-Analysis(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۱۱ , N. ۳ , ۲۰۲۲ 57 - 78

کلید واژه ها: language education policy ELT Iran Singapore meta-analysis

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۸۴ تعداد دانلود : ۱۴۱
This study intends to conduct a systematic qualitative meta-analysis that focuses on research studies into English Language Teaching (ELT) policy in Iran and Singapore. To identify and compare the main features of the studies and also to provide a contemporary picture of the field in Iran and Singapore, 13 articles published between 2010 and 2021 were included in this review. The analysis revealed that Singapore has employed a top-down language policy and utilized a holistic curriculum which has led to an English knowing society. The policies are well articulated and few mismatches were reported in the policies. In addition, the policies are positively perceived by stakeholders, leading to effective implementation of the policies. However, the findings showed that the Iranian top-down policy negatively framed ELT. Moreover, the policies are not well articulated and there are some inconsistencies between the policies and some mismatches between policy and practice. In addition, the analysis revealed that Iranian stakeholders negatively perceived the policies. They believed that the policies have marginalized the role of teachers and their professional judgment. Finally, research gaps for future research studies in ELT policy were highlighted and recommendations were offered.
۴.

Representation of National Identity in English Vision Textbook Series for Iranian Senior High Schools(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۱۱ , N. ۲ , ۲۰۲۲ 51 - 72

کلید واژه ها: ELT English textbooks National identity Iranian Context Vision textbooks

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۰۰ تعداد دانلود : ۱۵۴
Textbooks in ELT perform different functions since their content can serve different purposes. Particularly, the content of textbooks can affect learners’ views to a great deal. Accordingly, designing ELT textbooks can generate much disagreement. Thus, textbook content is considered important and demands critical evaluation. This study explored the representation of national identity in the English Vision textbook series for Iranian senior high schools. For this aim, corpus analysis and content analysis were carried out, respectively, aimed at providing a description of the terms associated with nationalities, and describing aspects of national identity represented in the textbooks. The data in the corpus analysis phase were collected through obtaining frequencies of reference to nations and in the content analysis phase by means of a researcher-made checklist. Results revealed that Iranian identity is the most frequent aspect, for which 13 categories of reference were observed. Similarly, six major themes were found regarding aspects of national identity. This study offers implications for Iranian education policy-makers, textbook designers, and education practitioners.
۵.

A Corpus-driven Scoping Systematic Review of Four Decades of Teacher Professional Development Research: Exploring Research Foci, Content Areas, Designs Methods and Trends(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۸, Fall & Winter ۲۰۲۱ 39 - 59

کلید واژه ها: teacher professional development Systematic review content areas Research Methods data collection procedures research findings

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۳۸ تعداد دانلود : ۱۸۳
This study represents the findings of a systematic review (SR) of literature in the teacher professional development (TPD) domain to outline the research patterns through content examination of 199 research articles (RAs) in the area of TPD over the previous 40 years (1982 -2021). RAs were investigated and their research content areas, utilized research methods, data collection procedures, and findings were analyzed and coded. The broad investigation of the RAs showed a wide variety of themes that corresponded to 22 research areas. TPD program effects, TPD & technology, and TPD & Sociolinguistics were the most searched content areas. It was also found that the qualitative method with 52.26% of occurrences appeared to be the dominant research method used in RAs. Exploring data collection procedures, it was uncovered that interview, questionnaire and observation were the main data collection strategies utilized within the TPD RAs. Analyzing the findings, changes in teacher practices, attitudes and knowledge, learner achievements, and determining priorities for TPD programs were the most reported findings in TPD RAs. This corpus-driven SR underpins the notion that TPD makes a difference in altering teachers’ practices and attitudes and improves learner abilities if specific characteristics are taken into account in the planning and administration of TPD programs.
۶.

Accounting Academic Word List (AAWL): A Corpus-Based Study

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Translation Studies, Vol. ۶, No. ۱, Winter ۲۰۲۱ 35 - 58

کلید واژه ها: Academic Word List Accounting Academic Word List corpus analysis Accounting Students English for Academic Purposes

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۵۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۳۷
The aim of this study was threefold: it aimed to develop a field-specific academic word list for accounting, to find the degree of coincidence between the word list and Coxhead's academic word list (AWL), and also to compare the occurrences of the most frequently used words in the list with six available word lists in different disciplines. A large corpus of accounting research articles was compiled and analyzed. We recognized 658 academic word families with the highest frequency in the corpus which we calledAccounting Academic Word List (AAWL ) . These 658-word families accounted for 10.16 % of the whole corpus. Further analysis indicated that out of these high-frequency word families we identified, only 354 coincided with those listed in AWL. Moreover, 50 most frequently used words in the list accounted for 3.98 % of the whole corpus. These words appeared in six available word lists in different disciplines with different degrees of occurrences which is a starting point for the development of a composite word list. Generally, this study confirmed the significance of subject-specificity of corpus-based word lists. The findings of this study suggest that AAWL can be used as a reference for the accounting community.
۷.

Evaluating the Iranian Senior ELT High School Vision Series in Terms of Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۳, No. ۲, ۲۰۲۱ 181 - 196

کلید واژه ها: autonomy BRT Critical thinking Textbook analysis Vision series

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۰۴ تعداد دانلود : ۱۵۱
T The textbook analysis is a vigorous research approach for evaluating the conformity between the content and the purpose of education. Accordingly, the relatively newly-published Iranian ELT textbooks for senior high school, known as the “Vision series” were analyzed for their prominent levels of learning objectives according to Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy. Activity sections of textbooks were codified according to the Taxonomy’s coding scheme, and the inter/intra-rater reliability which were measured and approved. Results revealed that the lower-order categories of cognitive domain are more frequently represented in Vision series of 1 and 2, and chi-square statistics indicate that Vision 3 is significantly different from the other two. The inclusion of higher-order categories in Vision 3 creates hope for increasing students’ proficiency and activating students’ need to develop higher-order thinking skills which are prerequisites to critical thinking and autonomous learning. Findings also maintain that the cognitive domain and metacognitive knowledge domain were the least perceived in the three textbooks which call for inclusion of more reflective activities and supplementing higher-order cognitive activities or complementary tasks in Visions 1 and 2.
۸.

بررسی روند استفاده از روش های تحقیق در رشته زبانشناسی کاربردی در مقالات تحقیقاتی چاپ شده بین سال های 1986 تا 2015(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: زبان پژوهی سال دوازدهم پاییز ۱۳۹۹ شماره ۳۶ 87 - 109

کلید واژه ها: زبان شناسی کاربردی روش های تجربی روش های غیرتجربی تحقیق کمی تحقیق کیفی تحقیق ترکیبی

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۳۸ تعداد دانلود : ۴۸۹
پژوهش حاضر، بر آن است تا روندهای استفاده از روش های پژوهش در مقاله های زبان شناسی کاربردی را در سه دهه اخیر (1986 تا 2015) مورد بررسی قرار دهد. به این منظور، 7525 مقاله مستخرج از 10 مجله رشته زبان شناسی کاربردی گردآوری شدند. این مقاله ها، به وسیله نگارندگان و چهار دانشجوی دکتریِ آموزشِ زبان انگلیسیِ دانشگاه های ایران، مورد تحلیل و بررسی قرار گرفتند. داده های به دست آمده نشان داد که پژوهش های تجربی با فراوانی 6263 (%23. 83)، بیشتر از پژوهش های غیرِ تجربی با فراوانی 1262 (%16.77)، مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. همچنین، یافته ها نشان داد که مابین سال های 1986 تا 1995، پژوهش های غیرتجربی با 73% .40، سهم قابلِ توجهی را به خود اختصاص داده بودند. هر چند، این روند در دهه های بعدی کاهش چشمگیری داشت. در بین سال های 1996 تا 2005، پژوهش های کمّی بیشترین درصد استفاده را در میان پژوهشگران داشتند (%23 .64). این در حالی است که در دهه اخیر (2006-2015) مطالعات کیفی با %75 .41، روند افزایشی داشتند. به نظر می رسد رشدِ پژوهش های کیفی که از میانه دهه 90 شروع شده بود، در سال های اخیر به بالاترین میزان خود رسیده است. پژوهشگران و آموزش دهندگان حوزه زبان شناسی کاربردی باید نسبت به این تغییر رویه ها آگاه باشند. آن ها باید پیش از بهره گیری از روش های مورد اشاره، به مفاهیم پایه ای روش ها، نقاط ضعف و قوت آن ها به همراه محبوبیتشان در بین صاحب نظران رشته، توجه کنند.
۹.

بررسی کنش گفتاری تشکر در گویش کردی ایلامی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات زبان و گویش های غرب ایران سال هشتم پاییز ۱۳۹۹ شماره ۳۰ 13-29

کلید واژه ها: کنش گفتاری گویش شناسی تشکّرکردن فرهنگ ایرانی - اسلامی گویش کردی ایلامی

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۱۸ تعداد دانلود : ۴۲۳
پژوهش حاضر کنش گفتاری تشکّر را در گویش کردی ایلامی براساس نظریه کنش های گفتاری آستین (1962) و سرل (1969) بررسی کرده است. ابزار جمع آوری داده ها آزمون تکمیل گفتمان بیست گزینه ای بود که موقعیّت هایی را مجسّم می کرد که افراد به طور معمول ابراز تشکّر می کنند؛ سپس این آزمون را (240) گویشور ایلامی تکمیل کردند. با بررسی داده ها درمجموع بیست راهبرد ابراز تشکّر شناسایی شدند که تشکّر ساده، درک زحمت و قول جبران به ترتیب بیشترین فراوانی را داشتند؛ همچنین، چهارده راهبرد مختصّ فرهنگ ایرانی و اسلامی و متأثّر از باورهای دینی تشخیص داده شدند که نُه راهبرد انواع دعاها بودند (درمجموع 7/30%) که به طور عمده از اعتقادات و باورهای دینی سرچشمه می گیرند. پنج راهبرد دیگر نیز بیشتر جنبه اخلاقی و اجتماعی دارند و به ستایش فرد و لطف او در حقّ گوینده معطوف هستند؛ افزون بر این نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت معنی داری بین مردان و زنان و گروه های سنّی مختلف و افراد با سطح تحصیلات و مشاغل مختلف در این زمینه وجود ندارد.
۱۰.

یادگیری ویژگی های زمان آینده در زبان انگلیسی توسط تک زبانه های فارسی و دو زبانه های فارسی-کردی: یک مطالعه زایشی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: پژوهش های زبانشناختی در زبانهای خارجی دوره ۱۰ پاییز ۱۳۹۹ شماره ۳ 542 - 557

کلید واژه ها: فرضیه ی انتقال کامل دسترسی کامل فرضیه ی کسری بازنمایی دستور زبان جهانی مرحله ی اولیه مرحله ی آخر

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۶۶ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۲
مطالعه ی حاضر به بررسی ویژگی های نحوی زمان آینده زبان انگلیسی در بین زبان آموزان تک زبانه ی فارسی و دو زبانه ی فارسی-کردی بر پایه ی نظریه های زایشی زبان دوم و سوم پرداخته است. برای این منظور 36 زبان آموز تک زبانه ی فارسی و 36 زبان آموز دو زبانه ی فارسی-کردی در فرآیند تحقیق شرکت کردند. در ابتدا آزمون تعیین سطح آکسفورد از این افراد به عمل آمد و بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از آن زبان آموزان به سه گروه متوسط، متوسط به بالا، و پیشرفته گروه بندی شدند. پس از آن این افراد در هر سطح در دو آزمون قضاوت دستوری و ترجمه شرکت کردند تا دانش زبانی آن ها در رابطه با خصوصیات نحوی ساخت زمان آینده مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد. در نهایت دادهای جمع آوری شده از طریق آزمون های فوق بر پایه ی نظریه های زایشی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که شرکت کنندگان در هر دو گروه با مشکل فراگیری ویژگی های نحوی زمان آینده روبرو هستند. زیرا زبان های قبلی آنها فاقد نشانه های زمان آینده در زبان مقصد (زبان انگلیسی) است. اما با نزدیکتر شدن به سطوح پیشرفته آنها به تدریج توانایی بیشتری برای تولید جملات درست زبان مقصد را پیدا می کنند. به عبارتی، از آنجایی که هر دو زبان کردی و فارسی فاقد مشخصه ی معین برای بیان زمان آینده هستند، فراگیران برای یادگیری مهارت استفاده از زمان آینده با مشکل مواجه خواهند بود.
۱۱.

EFL Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence, Emotional Support, and Their Classroom Leadership: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۴, Issue ۳ (۲۰۱۹) 1-20

کلید واژه ها: classroom leadership Emotional Intelligence emotional support EFL Teachers

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۰۵ تعداد دانلود : ۴۱۱
This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between teacher emotional intelligence, emotional support, and classroom leadership. To this end, three instruments consisting of emotional intelligence with three dimensions (appraisal and expression of emotion, the regulation of emotion, and the utilization of emotion), teacher emotional support scale with four dimensions (positive climate, negative climate, teacher sensitivity, and regards for student perspective), and teacher classroom leadership scale with seven dimensions (idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individual consideration, intellectual stimulation, contingent reward, active management, and passive management), were administered to 321 EFL Iranian teachers in Ilam, Iran. Bivariate correlation analysis indicated significant correlations among all three variables . Not only were all of the subscales correlated with their scales but also significant correlations were found among them and other scales and subscales of the study. Moreover, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach was applied in order to confirm the hypothetical model. The following results obtained from SEM confirmed the hypothetical model (chi- squared=1/637, (p < .001), PGFI =0.693(>0.50), and PNFI =0.785 (>0.50), IFI =0.981(>0.90), CFI=0.981 (>0.90), SRMR =0.031(<0.05), GFI=0.947(>0.90), and RMSEA =0.041 (< 0.05). The results showed that being aware of emotional skills and leadership behaviors, teachers and student teachers could better develop effective leadership skills in the class. The results of the present study have valuable implications for EFL teachers and other practitioners in the field.
۱۲.

The political aspects of positivist ELT research articles(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۴, Fall & Winter ۲۰۱۹ 155-176

کلید واژه ها: Research Articles critique practical argument Ideology positivist implications normative

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۵۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۶۳
Despite appealing notion of research based language teaching, we argue that scientific way of conducting research on English language teaching (ELT) is problematic since it ignores language learners’ subjectivity, instructors’ professionalism, practitioners’ culture and learning particularity. Positivists pedagogical arguments neglect the social nature of meaning making instructional practices and emphasize objectivity and measurability criteria which lead to instrumental rationality. A critical discourse analysis of practical arguments proposed in pedagogical implications section of empiricist research articles revealed that positivists assumptions manifest themselves as the rules and regulations of carrying out scientific research. These yardsticks give power to the neoliberal tendencies to present reasons as premises of arguments to restrict and control the agency of ELT teachers as well as to deprofessionalize them. Since there is a close affinity between this paradigm world views and neoliberal policies, positivists research articles lead to the domination of neoliberalism on TEFL discourse. This indicates the ideological function of the article genre and awareness of that is crucial for the sake of democratic and fair education.
۱۳.

A Comparative Study of Actual and Perceived Academic Competence of Iranian EAP Postgraduate Students

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۴, Issue ۱ (۲۰۱۹) 47-68

کلید واژه ها: academic writing actual competence EAP postgraduates Perceived Competence Research Articles

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۸۰ تعداد دانلود : ۵۵۳
Academic writing is a major concern for many university students. Despite extensive literature on students’ academic writing, little attention has been focused on students’ writing experience and practice in higher education. To fill this gap, the present study compared actual and perceived academic writing competence of postgraduate students who were enrolled in English for Academic Purposes (EAP, hereafter) courses. First, measures of actual and perceived academic writing competence were developed and validated in Phase 1, using a separate sample of EAP postgraduate students ( n = 391) in Ilam province, Iran. Phase 2 examined postgraduate students’ academic writing competence perceptions and the ways through which their perceptions might have differed from their actual academic performance. Then the developed measures of actual and perceived academic writing competence, which exhibited acceptable reliability and good model-data fit, were distributed among a sample of 210 EAP postgraduate students from nine different academic fields. The results of data analysis revealed significant differences in perceptions and actual academic practices of students across different academic fields of study.
۱۴.

An Introspective Analysis of EAP Researchers’ Perceived Academic Writing Competence: The Case of Research Articles(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۰, No. ۱, ۲۰۱۸ 145 - 180
حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۵۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۴۶
Over the last decades, there has been a plethora of interest in possible challenges encountered by researchers while publishing research articles (RAs) in various disciplines for English for academic purposes (EAP).Given this, this study aimed to examine how a sampled number of EAPIranian researchers perceive the competence of academic RA writing, the major reasons for RA rejection, and difficulties the authors face in writing up publishable RAs. Data for this study came from an examination of rejection emails and follow-up interviews with a number of Iranian EAP researchers who have published in highly prestigious journals. Analysis of the data resulted in 545 codes, 40 subcategories, and six core categories. The main categories included the potential reasons of RA rejection; the authors’ challenges in RA writing; RA linguistic features; RA stylistic features; essential elements of writing RA sections; and the features of RA citation and referencing.Pedagogical implications are discussed.
۱۵.

Development and Validation of Teacher Emotional Support Scale: a structural equation modeling approach(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۱, Spring & summer ۲۰۱۸ 137 - 160

کلید واژه ها: Emotional support scale EFL Teachers structural equation modeling approach Reliability Validity

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۵۱ تعداد دانلود : ۳۳۱
Reviewing the literature indicated that no validated model was found that examine the extent to which teachers support their students emotionally in EFL classrooms. Therefore the present study elaborated on this issue through developing and validating a teacher emotional support scale in an Iranian English foreign language context. Main components of the scale have been specified based on Hamre and Pianta's (2007)theoretical framework. A large number of items were created primarily based on operational definitions of each component. After reviewing the items by a group of experts, the questionnaire was piloted and tested on a sample of 324 EFL teachers. Finally, the researchers evaluated the validity of the questionnaire through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.The results of the reliability of the questionnaire estimated through Cronbach’s alpha were 0.833. 17 items have been removed from analysis resulting in identifying 4 factors in exploratory factor analysis. The model was evaluated using AMOS 22 also indicated that the model was fit the data.the current study contributes to the field of English language education through designing and validating new instrument to assess teacher emotional support in EFL classrooms. Researchers and other practitioners who are involved in teaching English language can assess the extent to which teachers support students emotionally in similar pedagogical EFL context using this instrument. They also need to encourage teachers to improve their emotional skills by participating in teacher training courses.
۱۶.

Realization of Verbal Appropriacy/ Inappropriacy in Persian: A Variational Pragmatics approach(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۶ , N. ۱ , ۲۰۱۷

کلید واژه ها: Persian Speech Act Variational Pragmatics Talks and acts, Open-ended Production Test

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۶۶۲ تعداد دانلود : ۸۸۳
Avoiding the current terminology debates in the literature on politeness research and following a variational pragmatics approach, this study attempted to illuminate how appropriacy/ inappropriacy is realized in Persian language in light of five speech acts of introduction, apology, refusal, congratulation, and condolence. Additionally, it was aimed to see to what extent appropriacy/ inappropriacy is a function of variables such as age, gender, job, and level of education. In order to achieve this aim, 300 participants (m=150, f=150) completed an Open-ended Production Test (OPT) consisting of twenty situations. Analyzed within a two-component part variational pragmatics framework; namely pragmatic level and social factors, the data revealed that the variables in the study in quite different forms guide the expectations, perception and performance of the participants in the study. Giving an appropriacy (Marked/unmarked) taxonomy of the study speech acts in Persian, it is illustrated how, in most cases, the norms of appropriate verbal behavior seem to be subject to the variables of the study. It was further shown that talk and acts between speakers at a social situation are governed by converging and diverging norms in different communities of practice in Persian. Thereupon, the study can highlight the significance of including variational perspective on conventions of language use for language teaching.
۱۷.

Material Development and English for Academic Purposes Word Lists; a Reductionist Approach(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No.۱۹, Spring & Summer ۲۰۱۷

کلید واژه ها: corpus English Word List for Academic Purpose Token Text Coverage Material development

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۰۸۸ تعداد دانلود : ۴۴۸
Nagy (1988) states that vocabulary is a prerequisite factor in comprehension. Drawing upon a reductionist approach and having in mind the prospects for material development, this study aimed at creating an English for Academic Purposes Word List (EAPWL). The corpus of this study was compiled from a corpus containing 6479 pages of texts, 2,081,678 million tokens (running words) and 63825 types (individual words), and 2615 word families from online resources. The created EAPWL included 636 word families, which accounted for 12%of the tokens in the EAPWL under study. The high word frequency and the wide text coverage of this word list confirm that this word list plays an important role in English for Academic Purpose texts and hence can be a justified resource for material development in the field. From these findings, it can be concluded that the EAPWL created in this study can serve as a guide for material developers and syllabus designers especially in designing course-books, in addition learning these words by learners can help them in better understanding of their texts, and development in their writing and reading comprehension.
۱۸.

Development, Factor Analysis, and Validation of an EFL Teacher Change Scale (TCS)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۸, No. ۲, ۲۰۱۶

کلید واژه ها: Validation Exploratory Factor Analysis EFL Teacher Change Scale (EFLTCS) confirmatory factor analysis

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۰۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۸۷
The concept of teacher change is critical in second language teaching and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context due largely to the fact that, almost, whatever we do in teacher education looks for initiating change of one sort or another. A substantial body of research has been dedicated to investigate teacher change (TC) from various perspectives. However, having studied the related literature, we found no robust, valid and reliable measure for TC in EFL context. Accordingly, effort was made to develop and validate a reliable and valid measure that could assess TC in an EFL context. The review of the prior research resulted in the collection of 186 items affecting TC out of which a temporary data driven model of teacher change was developed. 324 Ph.D. and M.A. graduated EFL teachers took part in exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the initial measure. Finally, a 66-item scale consisting of three components and thirteen sub-components was developed.The results showed both factorial validity andinternal consistency reliability for the measure.The TCSsubscales also had strong validity evidence based on the associationsfound. This study has various applications for language teachers and practitioners in the field.
۱۹.

Validating an English Language Teacher Professional Development Scale in Iranian EFL Context(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Issues in Language Teaching (ILT), Vol. ۵, No. ۱, June ۲۰۱۶

کلید واژه ها: teacher education Validation teacher professional development

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۳۸ تعداد دانلود : ۵۶۷
Although decades of research have well elaborated on teacher professional development, we still do not have a thorough picture about what teacher professional development could entail and what components it consists of. The present study aims to develop and validate a teacher professional development scale in an Iranian English foreign language context. An initial tentative model with 130 items was piloted and tested through exploratory and confirmatory data analyses on a sample of 400 EFL teachers. This level resulted in the removal of 28 items in our sample loaded, resulting in a final 102 teacher professional development inventory. The developed inventory measures the extent to which EFL teachers are professionally developed and makes teachers aware of multiple characteristics of professionally developed teachers. These competencies are essential components of teacher professional development, enabling the teachers to utilize them in everyday teaching and learning practices in the classroom settings which, as a result, leads to student achievement. As teachers fulfill important professional roles, they need valid instruments to assess their day-to-day functioning in the class. With the instrument developed and validated in the current research, we, in fact, allow language teachers to assess their extent of professional development in different pedagogical contexts.
۲۰.

مقایسة نشانه های فراگفتمان در مجلات انگلیسی بین المللی و داخلی؛ مطالعة موردی: مقالات حوزة زبان شناسی کاربردی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: زبان پژوهی سال هشتم بهار ۱۳۹۵ شماره ۱۸

کلید واژه ها: مقالات علمی - پژوهشی نشانه های فراگفتمان مجلات بین المللی مجلات داخلی

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۰۹۹ تعداد دانلود : ۵۸۶
نشانه های فراگفتمان ابزاری هستند که بدون اضافه کردن چیزی به محتوای اصلی متن،جهت سازماندهی زبان به کار می روند. این نشانه ها در درک بهترخوانندگان از نگرش نویسنده و ایجاد و تحکیم ارتباط بین نویسنده و خواننده نقش مؤثری ایفا می کنند. پژوهش حاضر به بررسی انواع و تعداد نشانه های فراگفتمانبه کاررفته در مقالات علمی- پژوهشی انگلیسی در مجلات بین المللی و داخلی در حوزة زبان شناسی کاربردی می پردازد. بدین منظور، با استفاده از برنامة «فراوانی» (نیشن و هیتلی، 2007)، انواع و تعداد نشانه های فراگفتمان به کاررفته در 512 مقالة علمی، شامل 168,051,3کلمه، چاپ شده در 16 مجلة بین المللی و داخلی در حوزة زبان شناسی کاربردی، بر اساس مدل نشانه های فراگفتمان هایلند (2005: 49) مورد مطالعه قرارگرفتند. نتایج این مقایسه گواه وجود تفاوت هایی در کاربرد نشانه های فراگفتماندر دو گروه مقالات برگرفته از مجلات بین المللی و داخلی است. توجه به این تفاوت ها در به کارگیری نشانه های فراگفتمان و در نظر گرفتن آنها در آموزش نگارش آکادمیک می تواند موجب ارتقای کیفیت مقالات چاپ شده در مجلات داخلی انگلیسی شود.

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