پژوهشی معرفت شناسانه دربارۀ «فکر» و «نظر» در مراتب صدور در اثولوجیا (مقاله پژوهشی حوزه)
درجه علمی: علمی-پژوهشی (حوزوی)
منبع:
ذهن زمستان 1402 شماره 96
حوزه های تخصصی:
شماره صفحات:
۱۷۵ - ۲۰۰
دریافت مقاله
تعداد دانلود :
۹۱
آرشیو
چکیده
درکتاب اثولوجیا «فکر» و «نظر» در مباحث مختلفی مطرح می شود. هر فکری به فاعل تفکر و نیز متعلق فکر نیاز دارد و «نظر» نیز معمولا در مقابل «عمل» معنا می یابد. مسئله این است «فکر» و «نظر» در اثولوجیا چگونه بررسی می شود و آیا «فکر» و «نظر» یکی هستند و برهم منطبقند یا دو امر جدای از هم و مربوط به حوز ه های مختلف هستند؟ فکر در اثولوجیا در نسبت با نفس و عقل در دو عالم عقل و عالم محسوسات، و در نسبت با خدا مطرح می شود. در این نوشتار باتوجه به نسبت نخست آن، دو تعریف از «فکر» و وظایف نفس مطرح می شود. یکی «دریافت تعقلی نفس» و دیگری «فکر» به معنای «تدبیر بدن» است؛ اما در نسبت دوم یعنی فکر در نسبت با خدا، فکر به معنای «حرکات از مقدمات به نتایج» است، و با دلایلی فکر از خدا سلب می شود. اما بحث «نظر»نیز در خدا و عقل و نفس به یک معناست و متفاوت از اندیشۀ پیشینیان که در مقابل «عمل» بود، به حوزۀ وجودشناسی مربوط می شود. لذا در این نوشتار با نگاهی معرفت شناسانه روش توصیفی-تحلیلی «فکر» و «نظر» را در اثولوجیا بازخوانی می کنیم و به پرسش های مطرح شده در قالب تحلیل پاسخ می دهیم.Epistemological Research about “Thought” and “Gaze” in Emanative hierarchy in Uthulujiyya
Introduction: In Uthulujiyya , " thought " and "gaze" are discussed in different topics. Every thought needs a subject of thought and also an object of thought and " theory " usually means "practice". The problem is, what is the definition and position of " thought " and " gaze " in Uthulujiyya , and are " thought " and "gaze" one and the same, or are they two separate things and related to different domains?
Methods
Therefore, in this article, we reread "thought" and " gaze "in Uthulujiyya with approach of epistemology with a descriptive-analytical method and answer the questions raised in the form of analysis .
Findings
In this article, two definitions of "thought" and the duties of the soul are presented, according to its first relation, that is, thought in relation to its place, namely, the soul and the intellect. The one is "rational understanding of the soul" and the other is "thought" which means "organization of the body"; But in the second relation, that is, thought in relation to God, thought means "movements from premises to results", and thought is deprived of God for some reasons. But the discussion of "gaze" also has the same meaning in God, intellect and soul different from the thought of the predecessors, which was opposite to "practice".
In Uthulujiyya , "thought" is examined in terms of the subject of thought and its belonging in two fields: "mind and soul" and "God". Thinking is related to both practical science and theoretical science. In this sense, in the face of tangible things and the material world, on the one hand, to get rid of it and return to the world of reason, and also to remember what was taken from the world of reason, a kind of practical exercise to plan and control the body to rid oneself of pains and dependencies. to the world of matter and freedom from it. From this point of view thought is the source of action. But thinking in the sense of "synthesizing sensations" and making general concepts has an epistemological and theoretical and is deprived of God.
Conclusion
Thinking " in Uthulujiyya in one way means "mind" and "awareness. in another sense means "prudence" and a kind of "controlling", the soul needs more effort and suffering to keep the busyness away from itself. “gaze” also carries the meaning of creative reasoning and action. The difference between “thought” and “gaze” is that action in thought is action and a kind of movement; But gaze is a creative act.
Therefore, “thought” and “gaze” in have both practical and current aspects; But thinking has a theoretical aspect in addition to the practical side. The origin of action and being a verb is different in both thinking, planning and organizing and controlling. In view, it is creation. Therefore, thoughts and opinions in Uthulujiyya do not coincide with each other due to their different meanings and applications in different fields, and for this reason, they are not mutually transferable.
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