روایت سقوط: عدالت خواهی به مثابه گردن کشی در سینمای حاتمی کیا (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
یکی از محورهای اصلی گفتمان انقلاب اسلامی دستیابی به عدالت است و ابراهیم حاتمی کیا به عنوان فیلمسازی برآمده از این گفتمان، همواره دغدغه اصلی خود را عدالت اجتماعی معرفی کرده است. این پژوهش نیزدر راستای تفسیر فیلم های حاتمی کیا نسبت به مسئله عدالت با تکیه بر مفاهیم برآمده از نظریه جان رالز و جاسو و وگنر انجام می شود. برای این مطالعه، سه فیلم آژانس شیشه ای، ارتفاع پست و خروج با روش نمونه گیریِ معیاری، انتخاب و از طریق روش تحلیل روایت با رویکرد ساختارگرایی تحلیل شده است. یافته ها حاکی از آن است که گفتمان فیلم ها، جامعه ایران را جامعه ناعادلانه ای بازنمایی می کنند که در آن به کلیه مطالبات اقتصادیِ عدالت خواهان با لنز سیاسی-امنیتی نگریسته می شود. لذا نهادهای مربوطه به کارافتاده تا امنیت را دوباره برقرار کنند. نهادهای اختصاص دهنده، روند عدالت خواهی را با ترس از دشمن خارجی و دشمن داخلی معنا می کنند. از این قرار کنش عدالت خواهانه پایانی جزء سقوط برای عدالت خواهان به همراه ندارد. مرگ پاداش گیرنده و کان لم یکن شدن تحقق عدالت، سقوط کنشگران و ابهام در تحقق عدالت و بی نتیجه ماندن سفر از مصادیق این سقوط است.The Narrative of Downfall: Justice Seeking as Rebellion in HatamiKia's cinema
IntroductionOne of the main axes of the Islamic Revolution’s discourse, is the achievement of justice, and Ibrahim HatamiKia, as a film maker emerging from this discourse, has always presented social justice as his main concern. This research has also been done to interpret HatamiKia's movies on the issue of justice relying on the concepts arising from the theory of John Rawls, Jasso and Wagner. In this way, this research is in line with Rawls's belief that a just society is considered to have just institutions and the people of that society also think that the institutions act justly; Also, the people of that society have the same perception of justice. The second point is that all people have an equal right to achieve the basic goods that society has provided for them. Good things such as income, wealth, prosperity, health, political positions.MethodThis research was analyzed through the method of narrative analysis with a structuralist approach. In this approach, we are faced with the question of how to organize the events and actions of the story. The theories of Chatman and Labov were combined together to analyze the story and the discourse of chosen movies. The theory of Labov was used to extract narrative transfer structure in Chatman model. Three movies of The Glass Agency (1996), Low Heights (2001), and Exodus (2019) were selected by purposive sampling method.FindingsIn the three reviewed movies, three common characteristics are considered for rewardees. The first feature is that in all three movies, the class from which the justice seekers came from is the lower class of society and belongs to small towns and non-metropolitan cities. The second characteristic is the strong influence and leadership of these characters in the story process. The third and most important feature is that the rewardees of each story are somehow connected to the issue of the Iran-Iraq war. Therefore, the justice seekers in these three films belong to the lower class, have the personality of leaders and war fighters. In all three movies, the rewardees are clearly looking for economic justice. In the film "Glass Agency" the rewardee needs money to cover the cost of travel and treatment, in the film "The Low Height", the rewardee cannot support his living expenses due to the lack of jobs and facilities, and in the film "Exodus", the farmers' agricultural products is gone and they are looking for compensation to compensate for their loss; But as soon as the act of justice takes place and the rewardees tries to regain his lost right, economic justice takes a turn to political justice from the point of view of the Allocators.ConclusionThe findings suggest that the discourse of these three movies is represent the Iranian society as an unjust society in which all the economic demands of the justice seekers are viewed with a political-security lens. Therefore, the relevant institutions have been used to re-establish security. Allocating institutions interpret the process of seeking justice with the fear of the foreign enemy and the internal enemy. From this point of view, justice-seeking action does not bring an end to the downfall for justice-seekers. The death of the rewardee and the failure of the realization of justice, the fall of the actors and the ambiguity in the realization of justice and the failure of the journey are examples of this downfall.
تبلیغات
