بررسی علم بسیط و علم مرکب در آرای صدرالمتالهین و بازخوانی آن با رویکردی درون دینی (مقاله پژوهشی حوزه)
درجه علمی: علمی-پژوهشی (حوزوی)
آرشیو
چکیده
در کتب آسمانی و به ویژه قرآن کریم به دسته ای از علم و ادراک اشاره شده که به موجب آن جهان سرتاسر صاحب شعوری همگانی تلقی می گردد. این شعور که علمی بسیط به شمار می رود به همراه علم مرکب، تقسیماتی از علمند که مطالعه آن ها به تعمیق مطالعات هستی شناختی و انسان شناختی مددی فراوان می رساند. صدرالمتالهین در تحلیل این دو علم، افقی را به سوی ذهن ها می گشاید که در فهم نصوص دینی بسیار راه گشاست. پرسش اصلی نوشتار حاضر آن است که تحلیل دقیق اقسام علم بسیط و مرکب از نگاه صدرالمتالهین چیست و کاستی های آن کدام است؟ نگارنده در روی آوردی توصیفی، تحلیلی به آرای ملاصدرا و در ضمن بیان کاستی های نگاه او به علم بسیط و مرکب، به تبیین ویژگی ها، تفاوت ها و مختصات دقیق هرکدام همت گماشته است. فرضیه تحقیق با نظر به تعالیم وحیانی، چنان است که با نگاهی نسبی می توان همه موجودات را از یک منظر، صاحب علم مرکب دانست و از نگاهی دیگر با علم بسیط و مرکب میان شان تمایز نهاد.Review of Simple Perception and Complex Perception in the Thought of Mulla Sadra and Rereading It with an Intra-Religious Approach
Introduction: The nature of perception and its types have always been the focus of thinkers of various sciences throughout history. Although this phenomenon is worthy of research from various dimensions in philosophy, what makes the present writing more necessary is to deal with types of perception that are less considered in scientific research.
Basically, the exploration of Islamic philosophers In the mentioned subject, presents various types of simple and complex perceptions to the minds, which study their essence, coordinates and examples helps to understand the religious texts and in general to deepen ontological and anthropological studies.
Among the Muslim philosophers, Mulla Sadra has been able to deal with the dimensions of this issue more than others with the help of his philosophical foundations. However, it seems that his worthy effort in this field also had some shortcomings. Therefore, the basis of the main question of the present article is what is the detailed analysis of the types of simple and compound perception from Sadra's point of view and what are its shortcomings?
Method of Study: We use analytical-rational method in this article.
Findings: In a descriptive and analytical approach to Mulla Sadra's opinions, and at the same time expressing the shortcomings of his view on the simple and complex view of Islam, he has assigned the differences and exact coordinates of each set to the explanations.
The findings of the research with regard to the teachings of revelation show that with a relative view, all beings can be seen as possessing complex knowledge from one point of view, and from another point of view, they can be distinguished by simple and complex knowledge.
The most important examples of simple perception should be considered to be simple perception to the Creator, as well as simple consciousness to the soul. Considering the evidences and religious texts, it is also possible to clearly reveal the composite perception in all creations.
Conclusion: At a relative analysis compared to simple and complex perception as long as the scale of perceptions is considered to be human perception and other beings are considered to have only a material face, simple perception will be considered and other perceptions will be considered simple compared to human perception. Kingdom in every creature
But if we go beyond the natural world in our analysis and consider other levels of existence in every being, then simple science is meaningless and all the parts of the world are considered to be speaking and alive and the possessor of composite science due to their other dimensions of existence.
It is emphasized that what this research is trying to achieve is only the expression of the principle of the "" hierarchical of complex perception in the universe"" and with the help of some evidences and principles found in Mulla Sadra's works.
It is obvious that due to the novelty of the claim, more research is expected and it is hoped that more dimensions of this problem will be revealed in the next research.
One of the benefits of this claim is the interpretation of a large number of Quranic verses and religious texts that are understood in the context of complex perception and are believable according to this understanding.
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