معنابخشی عبادی نور طبیعی در فضاهای معماری دو فیلم "نور زمستانی"برگمن و "پری" مهرجویی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
نور طبیعی پدیده ای است که منشاء اصلی آن خورشید و ستارگان می باشد. فلاسفه و دانشمندان بر این اعتقادند که نور روحانی و معنوی علاوه جنبه مادی خود، در بعد معنوی نیز، به دلیل خاصیتی غیرفیزیکی به عنوان نوعی رابط معنوی میان خدا و انسان محسوب می گردد. در این مقاله که روش تحقیق در آن از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی و تطبیقی می باشد، ضمن تحلیل نحوه استفاده از نور طبیعی در معماری دو فیلم "نور زمستانی" ساخته برگمن و "پری" ساخته مهرجویی، معنابخشی عبادی نور در این فیلم ها مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. پری، فیلمی ایرانی و بر پایه مکتب اشراق و سلوک عرفان شرقی، داستان دختری دانشجو است که در مرتبه طی طریق می باشد. فیلم نور زمستانی نیز، منبعث از اندیشه دینی و انسانی غربی، داستان کشیشی است که پس از مرگ همسرش که بسیار به او علاقه مند بوده است، دچار تردید در ایمان خود می شود. آنچه محور اصلی این مقاله را شامل می شود، استفاده از نور طبیعی به عنوان یک عنصر معنوی در معنابخشی به فضاهای معماری این دو فیلم می باشد که در این فضاها، انسان با نمادهای ناپیدا و پدیده های متفاوت، از جمله نور معنا می یابد.Study on the sacred meaning of natural light in architectural spaces of two films: Winter Light and Pari
Natural light is one kind of light which its main resources are sun and starts. Philosophers and researchers believe that spiritual and holy light not only includes material and quantified aspect, but also because of its non-physical properties always treats as a spiritual connector between god and man. Light is the main part of existing which not only contacts to the surface of objects, but it also helps them to form. Light is the key of finding space which affect directly on the quality of it. Light is one of the main parts for making holy places meaningful. Architecture and Cinema are two kind of arts which depend on time and space. The material of architecture are usually real and quantified and the material of cinema are fiction and unreal. But there is only one material which is common between cinema and architecture. It is named natural light which has really special role in making the spaces of cinema and architecture specially sacred spaces of them meaningful. Research methodology of this article is based on descriptive, analytic and comparative method which it is separated in two part: the meaning of light and holy places in architecture and cinema in the first part .Light will be described as an effective aspect in architecture of films in this part. The main aim of second part is study on the role of natural lighting in two films named “Pari” by Daryoush Mehrjouei and “Winter light” by Bergman. Pari which is an Iranian film and about east intuition, is the story of a student girl who studies literature at university and wants to pass a religious way. Her three brothers have done it. But no one is Completely successful in the way. So there is no reliable guider for her to continue his way.The other film is “Winter Light” which its manager is “Bergman”. It is about a priest whose wife is death. So he has been hesitated about his believes. Beside it, he has to guide others through worshiping god. Because of his weak believing, his words does not have their real effect on men. Marta is a woman who has main role to guide him in this film. Combination of light and architecture and creation of spiritual spaces are completely clear in these two films. Bergman describes static, silence and human transition in quantified and qualified meaning with combination of christian elements and composing them with main characters morals. In other side, Daryoush Mehrjouei designs architecture spaces with light and human which finally describes combination of man, light and meaning in the holy concept in order to make them more clear. In fact, Mehrjouei and Bergman know human, space and light as main concepts of spiritual and holy existence. The main aim of this article, is study on the role of natural light as a spiritual aspect for making the architectural spaces meaningful cinema specially in these two films. Human will be meaningful with various king of creations and unclear elements.
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