خوانش تدریجی کتاب دا (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
کتاب دا یکی از متون مرتبط با جنگ است که در سال های اخیر جایگاه مناسبی را در بین متون ادبی به خود اختصاص داده است. مقاله حاضر سعی دارد تحلیلی از فهم خوانندگان از خوانش این کتاب را بیان دارد. با توجه به مفهوم تازه تأسیس دانش تجربی ادبیات (ESL) که به کنش های سیستم کلی ادبیات، همچون متن، نویسنده و خواننده می پردازد و نظریه های سه اندیشمند مهم در حوزه نظریه های ادبی خواننده محور- یعنی یاوس، آیزر و روزنبلت- به تحلیل خوانش مخاطبان از متن کتاب دا توجه شده است. در این تحقیق از روش تحلیل محتوای حاشیه نویسی خوانندگان بر کتاب دا ، روایت آنان از دا همچنین از روش گرو ه کانونی استفاده شده است. گروه خوانندگان این تحقیق پنج نفر بودند. یافته های تحقیق نشان می دهد خوانندگانی که خوانشی همسو با نویسنده داشتند، کل روایت کتاب را قبول کردند و سعی در توجیه مشکلات روایت داشتند. آنان حجم بالای کتاب و بعضی جزئیات اغراق آمیز آن را قبول داشتند، اما سعی می کردند این اشکالات را رفع کنند یا جزئی نشان دهند. در مقابل، خوانندگان ناهمسو با نویسنده، سعی داشتند تا متن را به چالش بکشند، رئال بودن متن را زیر سؤال برند و آن را تفسیری غیرواقعی از جنگ و موضوعات پیرامون آن می دانستند.Gradual Reading of Da
Da is a memory of Iraqi war against Iran. This narration of war is a representation of young girl life that had a significant role in her own time. This book challenges masculinity of war and passes out gender as a limitation. The important narration of war, mentioned in Da , has been associated with 150 republication and these elements confirm research on Da . This article tries to attempts to analyze the understanding of Da reading by its narrates. According to the new concept of empirical science of literature (ESL), and according to theories of three reader-response Criticism (Jauss, Iser and Rosenblatt), we try to analyze reading of Da text by readers. The method used in the article, is the qualitative content analysis of the texts and focus group discussions that took place between the audiences of Da . These were achieved from the questionnaire before reading the Da , a story those readers of this book was narrated and notation on Da . In this article, the understanding of the audience while reading the Da studied. The samples were selected at different ages, sex and ideology. Thus, with the targeted sampling method, five people were selected, and they were asked to answer the questionnaire before they start reading Da . After that, the samples began gradual reading of Da . Each sample during reading of Da , attempted to write his comments in the margins. After reading the book, readers were asked to participate in focus group discussions. They also presented their narration of Da at the short text. In this short story, readers tried to disclose the best parts of Da in their opinion. The focus group discussion was attended by the all readers. In this discussion, comments from other readers challenged, and they began to discuss with one another. Our findings indicate that readers had concomitance reading the author, accepted the whole narration of book and tried to justify narrative problems. They admitted that the large number of Da pages (812 pages) and that some details of the book are exaggerated. In contrast, readers were disagreeing with the author’s point of view, tried to make the text challenging, questioning the reality of book, and interpreted the text as false narration of war and its issues. In general, all readers of Da believed that the book is exaggerated in some respects and also believed Da hasn’t been read in wide rage.
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