نسبت هنر و جاودانگی در هستی نگری ویتگنشتاین و کاربست آن در معناباختگی انسان معاصر (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
تصور اینکه زندگی عاری از معنی و مرگ پایان همه چیز باشد، موجب می شود هستی دیگر در نظر انسان، چندان زیبا و ارزشمند جلوه نکند. ویرانگری زمان, دشواری های زندگی و هراس از مرگ از جمله عواملی است که باعث ایجاد حس سرخوردگی و رواج اندیشه های معناباخته در دنیای امروز شد. در مقابل عده ای از متفکرین با تاکید بر معناداری و جاودانگی زندگی, درصدد یافتن راه حلی ملموس برای دردهای وجودی آدمی و معنا بخشیدن به هستی او می باشند. در این راستا, نظریات ویتگنشتاین متقدم و شیوه جهان نگری او از منظر جاودانگی مورد تامل واقع شد. با نگاهی به دغدغه های عمیق اگزیستانسی و بررسی پویش های اندیشه ای وی، نقش «زیبایی شناسی» و «اخلاق» در مساوقت با یکدیگر, به عنوان بنیادی ترین مؤلفه های معنابخش به زندگی, در ساختار فلسفی او انکار ناشدنی است. چنانکه در غالب فرازهای اندیشه ای او می توان ردپایی از این دو عامل را با محوریت «نگاه ازلیِ سوژه متافیزیکی» در بنیان نهادن زندگی معنادار و غایتمند مشاهده نمود. مبتنی بر این نظرگاه هنر به عنوان والاترین شیوه نمایاندن ارزش های حقیقی زندگی و راه حلی برای عبور از دشواری های آن مورد توجه قرار می گیرد. زندگی که در نگاه ویتگنشتاین امتدادی ابدی می یابد.The Relationship between Art and Immortality in Wittgenstein's worldview and its function in the problem of meaninglessness of contemporary man
Throughout history, mankind has always strived to achieve the meaning of existence and eternal life.The notion that life is devoid of meaning and death is the end of everything,makes the universe no longer look so beautiful and valuable to man.The difficulties of life and the fear of death are among the factors that caused a sense of frustration and the spread of absurdist ideas in today's world.In contrast, some thinkers,by emphasizing the meaning of life and its immortality, are trying to find a tangible solution to human existential pain and give meaning to his existence.In this regard, in the following article, Wittgenstein's earlier theories and his worldview were considered from the perspective of immortality.Looking at the deep existential concerns and examining the dynamics of his thoughts, the role of "aesthetics"and"ethics"as the most fundamental components of the meaning of human life in his philosophical structure is undeniable.As in most of his phrases,we can see the traces of these two factors with the focus on the"eternal view of Metaphysical Subject",in establishing a meaningful and purposeful life.Based on this view,art is considered as the highest way to show the true values of life and a solution to overcome its problems and difficulties.Life that in Wittgenstein's view finds eternal extension.In Wittgenstein's view, the perfection of life is the attainment of happiness, and art provides the conditions for achieving this goal.Art is fundamentally and deeply an integral part of the concept of eternal life.So that a person who has an understanding of art will have a deeper image of life and death.Because in the eternal look;Death is no longer an event in life.Life has no end, just as the field of vision of a subject has no boundaries. When the subject stops.The world is coming to an end. At the time of death, the world does not change, but being stops, and death will be the subject of the end of the whole world. Man attains immortality from the path of his merit to excel and transcend the world. And this is what art can do.Imagination When we artistically look at what is in the world, we elevate it and elevate ourselves, and we look at the truth of the world above the world and from an eternal perspective. In this view, art finds an enlightening function to awaken man, which, by showing the correct way of observing the manifestations of the world from an eternal perspective,separates the individual from superficiality,vanity and emptiness,and turns the world into a wonderful truth as a work of art. It invites a person to growth, excellence and hope at every moment.This distinguishes the world of the artist man from the world of the non-artist man. Man realizes by living that death does not kill him.Rather, it is he who kills death; And this is the transcendence of immortality.By living beautifully and having the right attitude towards existence, we will become a harmonious and accompanying element of the world, and art is a phenomenon that can restore the lost beauty and meaning of life to us.
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