مطالب

Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit einigen der Werke von Muḥammad b. ʻAlī al-Qummī (gestorben 991-2 n. Chr.), bekannt als Šaiḫ aṣ-Ṣadūq, Ibn Bābūya oder Ibn Bābawaih. Unsere Absicht ist es zu untersuchen, was er und mehrere seiner Sammlungen der aḥādiṯ der Imame über den Glauben und seine Geschichte preisgeben, und wie diese Offenbarungen viele trockene ebenso wie intellektuell problematische Verständnisse dieses Glaubens herausfordern, die allzu lang der westlich akademisch- theologischen Diskussion zugrunde lagen.

In accordance with human necessities and deep attention into security, research studies have today became an irrefutable necessity in this area. It is noted that traditional concepts of this important issue have changed, as a result of occurring various events in the past, particularly in the 20th century; so that security is no more limited to protecting human beings against individual and collective dangers. Because geopolitics is the science of studying power relations in the political arena, the main actors in this field are the national constituencies determining the international equilibrium. In this context, competition for power through the strengthening of development indicators among different countries has been taken into consideration, through the geopolitical weight and the bargaining power to increase national security and, of course, security. Therefore, this research pursues two goals in relation to security and geopolitics: First, an analytical approach, on the views of academics, from the 1980s to the 20th century and to achieve motivation for the study of its fundamental concepts and the effect of geopolitics on these issues. Second, geopolitical approaches to security, related to the beginning of the 1990's up until now; and their assumptions, with emphasizing on future and geo-strategy. In this research, it is emphasized that geographically disrupted governments lose their territorial integrity, which results in them not being able to redefine national symbols according to global accelerated developments and floating identities.