فیلترهای جستجو:
فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۴۱ تا ۶۰ مورد از کل ۱۱٬۱۰۲ مورد.
حوزههای تخصصی:
The present study aimed to explore how the ELT curriculum is perceived, adopted, and implemented by EFL high school teachers. This study also shed some light on several effective factors in curriculum planning and practicing. Data for this study came from a survey and follow-up interviews with EFL teachers. The Findings revealed some critical systemic gaps between policy and practice: (1) a disconnect between policymaking processes and established ELT pedagogical theories; (2) insufficient incorporation of stakeholder voices, particularly teachers, during policy formulation; (3) neglect of teacher agency, professional needs, and motivational factors in curriculum design; and (4) an absence of foundational needs analysis research to inform policy decisions. The study underscores the imperative of prioritizing teacher autonomy, participatory policymaking, and evidence-based frameworks in curriculum development. To mitigate disparities between policy objectives and classroom practices, recommendations include decentralizing decision-making to empower educators, integrating teacher feedback into policy cycles, leveraging academic expertise, and fostering context-sensitive adaptations of global ELT methodologies. These insights contribute to broader regional discussions on educational equity, teacher professionalization, and sustainable language policy reforms in institutional settings.
Exploring the Role of Imaginative and Creative AI-oriented Reflections in English Language Teachers’ Professional Development: A Complexity Theory Perspective(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Since reflective practice is regarded as a significant professional learning tool for teachers to change, modify, and reform their educational practices, it is important for teachers to move towards a more creative use of reflection. Thus, imaginative and creative reflective practice can serve as a new approach to enhance teaching efficiency, originality, reflectivity, and practicality. Additionally, teachers can utilize Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools to implement reflective practice in creative and imaginative ways to support innovative reflections and address complex teaching challenges. Accordingly, this study employed imaginative and creative reflective practice with a Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) as a novel AI tool. This study explored how imaginative and creative AI-oriented reflective practice could contribute to the professional development of EFL teachers within a complex educational system. To this end, the perspectives of six novice and experienced EFL teachers were examined through semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and post-class discussions within a qualitative case study framework. The findings indicated that teachers were able to transform and reform their belief systems by learning new concepts, reflecting on their practices, innovating knowledge and practice, and initiating change through imaginative and creative AI-oriented reflective practice. The study concludes with suggestions on how to engage language teachers in imaginative and creative AI-oriented reflective practices.
The Effect of Low-Tech Response Systems on Students’ Engagement in Learning and Attitude in Under-Resourced EFL Classrooms: mini white-boards in focus(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Higher levels of student engagement are positively linked to higher learning achievement. However, enhancing student engagement in underprivileged and crowded educational contexts, specifically where high-tech tools are not available can cause a major challenge for teachers. The current study attempts to enhance students’ engagement in their learning by incorporating mini white-boards (MWs) as low-tech response systems. To this end, in a time-series design, an instruction-feedback cycle via mini white-boards was manipulated over a semester. Ten 10th-grade students, all from similar low socio-economic backgrounds and living in rural areas, participated in this study. Data were collected through observing students’ behaviors using engagement checklists. An attitude questionnaire was also administered to assess students' perceptions of using mini white-boards in their learning context. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize individuals’ engagement patterns across the study period. Additionally, a mixed-effects model was employed to account for individual variability and to assess the effects of the intervention on students’ engagement over time. The results indicated that using mini white-boards caused significant improvements in students’ overall engagement and attitude. The findings suggest that using low-tech solutions in low socio-economic settings can foster student engagement by allowing real-time feedback, collaborative interaction, and personalized participation.
مطالعه تطبیقی عدم تقارن مبدأ و هدف حرکت در زبان فارسی، آلمانی و لهستانی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
علم زبان سال ۱۲ بهار و تابستان ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۲۱
113 - 144
حوزههای تخصصی:
در اغلب زبان های دنیا پدیده عدم تقارن بین مبدأ و هدف حرکت در سطوح مختلف زبانی اعم از ساختواژی، نحوی، واژگانی و غیره به چشم می خورد. در این پژوهش، فرضیه عدم تقارن بین مبدأ و هدف حرکت در زبان فارسی، آلمانی و لهستانی به صورت تطبیقی مورد سنجش قرار گرفته و بدین منظور، از مجموعه ای ویدئوکلیپ استفاده شده است. لازم به توضیح است که زبان فارسی عمدتاً مسیر حرکت را بیرون از ستاک فعل توسط قمرها بیان می کند که این موضوع درخصوصِ مبدأ و هدف حرکت صدق می کند. بنابراین، زبان فارسی از این حیث جزء زبان های قمرقالب رده بندی می شود. در این تحقیق، زبان فارسی را با دو زبان دیگر یعنی آلمانی و لهستانی که آن ها نیز این مقوله ها را بیرون از ستاک فعلی رمزگذاری می کنند، از حیث نحوه رمزگذاری مبدأ و هدف حرکت در مواردی متعدد مقایسه کرده ایم. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می دهد که در زبان فارسی فرضیه عدم تقارن بین مبدأ و هدف حرکت در سطوح واژگانی و تمایزات معنایی به اشکال مختلف مشاهده می شود. بنابراین، اگرچه هر سه زبان مورد بحث دارای الگوی واژگانی قمرقالب درخصوصِ رمزگذاری مسیر هستند، اما در مورد تقارن بین مبدأ و هدف حرکت، الزاماً به یک شیوه عمل نمی کنند و این موضوع بیانگر تفاوت های درون زبانی زبان های دنیا صرف نظر از گرایش رده شناختی کلی آن ها (قمرقالب، فعل قالب و غیره) است.
Artificial Intelligence Implementation in Teaching English as a Foreign Language: A Qualitative Research Synthesis(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Applied Research on English Language, V. ۱۴, N. ۳ , ۲۰۲۵
77 - 122
حوزههای تخصصی:
The rapidly growing influence of artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to fundamentally transform the realm of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction. This research studied this emerging trend through a qualitative research synthesis of 24 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2024. It examined them to highlight the diverse applications, challenges, and teaching practices associated with AI in EFL education. Methodological rigor was ensured through established inclusion and exclusion criteria for selecting the articles. The qualitative synthesis and thematic analysis revealed five prominent themes that illuminate the current landscape of AI in EFL instruction: 1) conceptualizations of AI within EFL settings; 2) factors influencing its adoption; 3) challenges faced when integrating AI into EFL settings; 4) limitations of AI-based tools and methods; and 5) potential avenues for future investigation. Although integrating AI into EFL pedagogy is still in its early stages and presents various challenges, the findings provide valuable insights and practical recommendations for effectively using AI in EFL education, enhancing teaching methods, and improving student learning outcomes. Educators can make informed decisions regarding its implementation while navigating the evolving EFL instruction landscape by cultivating an understanding of AI's potential benefits and inherent limitations.
EFL Learners’ Classroom Involvement: Does Teacher Compassion and Empathy Matter?(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
جستارهای زبانی دوره ۱۶ آذر و دی ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۵ (پیاپی ۸۹)
319 - 338
حوزههای تخصصی:
Learners’ classroom involvement is thought to be highly influential in their academic success in that highly involved learners typically invest more time and energy in acquiring course content. For this reason, the predictors and determinants of learners’ classroom involvement have been highly attended to by educational researchers. Nonetheless, the predicting role of teachers’ emotional competencies like compassion and empathy has rarely been researched. Furthermore, to the best of the researcher’s knowledge, no theoretical review has looked into the concurrent impacts of teachers’ compassion and empathy on EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners’ classroom involvement. To address this lacuna, the current theoretical review aimed to explicate the effects of these two emotional competencies on EFL learners’ classroom involvement. The desirable effects of teachers’ compassion and empathy on EFL learners’ involvement were demonstrated using theoretical and empirical evidence. The implications of the present review’s findings are thoroughly discussed.
Application des textes écrits ou oraux des œuvres d’art contemporaines: De la base théorique de Zugganzes à l’hypothèse de l’ontologie appliquée(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Cet article présent, nous ne projetons en aucune façon d'établir ou de définir ce qu'est l'art, dont l'œuvre d'art en ontologie. Ce n'est pas notre préoccupation aujourd'hui, et non plus davantage de la plupart des artistes contemporains. À la recherche d'une ontologie bien particulière sur l’œuvre d’art contemporain, Roger Pouivet, le philosophe contemporain français, l'appelle « l'ontologie appliquée ». Il s’agit de considérer l'œuvre en tant que telle, sans se préoccuper des catégories fondamentales qui la possèdent. À ce stade, il paraît nécessaire de parler du changement de paradigme dans le champ d’arts plastiques, qui résulte de l'apparition des œuvres des textes écrits ou oraux.
En ce qui concerne le concept de « Zugganzes » de ’Heidegger, il faut bien comprendre, quoi qu'il en soit, le cumul des éléments nécessaires jusqu’à ce que l’établissement d’un système s’achève. Cela veut dire que pour un processus de créer une œuvre d'art contemporain il explique qu’à la fois chaque élément a son rôle clé, même indispensable, et une mission pour compléter le rôle des autres éléments.
Au fur et à mesure de cet article, nous répondrons aux questions de recherche : 1) Comment peut-on mettre en avant un processus de détermination d'une œuvre d'art qui s'enrichit des textes écrits ou oraux, en époque contemporaine ? 2.) Pourquoi et pour quelle raison a-t-on choisi de mettre en lien les deux concepts de « Zugganzes » et de l'hypothèse de « l'ontologie appliquée » dans ce travail de recherche ?
Cette recherche essaye de nous montrer que: les œuvres d'art contemporaines qui sont considérées comme des textes visuels enrichissent des textes écrits ou oraux. En effet, cet acte vise à attirer l'attention des spectateurs en tout temps et en tous lieux. À la fin, on comprendra qu’il est possible de créer visuellement des textes symboliques en pratiquant simultanément les textes écrits ou oraux comme des éléments visuels et en profitant de leurs contextes.
Archetypal Metaphors in Religious Dialogue: A Jungian and Conceptual Blending Analysis(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Being rooted in imagery and metaphor, Jungian psychology suggests that metaphors are expressions of archetypal imagery. While extensive research has examined how archetypal theory informs literal metaphors across various languages, less attention has been paid to whether metaphorical conceptualizations can serve as a modality—similar to dreams or active imagination—for representing archetypes and the collective unconscious. Linguistic data from intercultural interactions are crucial for uncovering shared conceptual structures across diverse communities. This study explored the "Document on Human Fraternity for World Peace and Living Together" signed by Pope Francis and the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar as a pivotal text in contemporary interfaith dialogue. We analyzed how the processes of metaphorizing archetypes were woven into this discourse. Specifically, we investigated whether archetypes are represented within the conceptual blending processes of metaphors, how the collective unconscious is reflected in the conceptual metaphors employed in interreligious dialogue, and how these metaphors may foster shared understanding among religious leaders. Using Conceptual Blending Theory (CBT), we identified metaphorical expressions that projected archetypal content, revealing the presence of key Jungian archetypes, such as the Mother, Rebirth, Shadow, Innocent, and God-Image. Our findings indicated that significant shared conceptualizations existed between Islamic and Christian leaders, which were grounded in the collective unconscious and articulated through archetype-based conceptual metaphors.
Google Translate and Microsoft Bing Translator’s Challenges in Rendering Camus’s The Stranger from English to Persian(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۷, No. ۲, ۲۰۲۵
101 - 120
حوزههای تخصصی:
Machine translation (MT) of literary texts presents unique challenges due to their stylistic complexity and cultural nuances. This study evaluated the performance of Google Translate (GT) and Microsoft Bing Translator (MBT) in translating Camus’s The Stranger from English to Persian. Data collection for this study involved automated evaluation using the Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) metric and human evaluation conducted by three experts using the Localization Industry Standards Association (LISA) rubric. The results showed that GT significantly outperformed MBT across nearly all dimensions. GT achieved a BLEU score of 21.57 compared to MBT’s 6.36, with superior n-gram precision at all levels. The human evaluation phase also revealed GT’s fewer critical and major errors in almost all categories compared to MBT. However, both systems struggled to preserve the aesthetic and philosophical richness of The Stranger . These findings highlight the persistent limitations of MT in literary translation, particularly for linguistically distant pairs like English and Persian. While MT shows potential as a supplementary tool, it remains unsuitable as a replacement for human translators in capturing the depth and artistry of literary works.
فناوری مصرفی مدرن در اختیار سیاست توتالیتر: تحلیل انتقادی رمان برفک اثردن دلیلو با تکیه بر آرای آدورنو و مارکوزه(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
جستارهای زبانی دوره ۱۶ مهر و آبان ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۴ (پیاپی ۸۸)
83 - 107
حوزههای تخصصی:
فناوری های مدرن ابزاری کارا برای استعمار ذهن ها به نظر می آیند. در حکومت های توتالیتر، رؤیای آرمان شهری که انسان ها انتظار داشتند با وجود این فناوری ها برایشان رقم خورد با کابوس ضدآرمان شهر جایگزین می شود. به عقیده منتقدانی همچون آدورنو و مارکوزه، رهاورد پیشرفت های علمی برای افراد جامعه نظم نیست، بلکه همسان سازی و سرکوب آن هاست که به نابودی آگاهی و فردیتِ انسان ها، و درنتیجه از بین رفتن توان مقاومت و انقلاب در شهروندان آن جامعه منجر می شود؛ برای مثال، تبلیغ کالاها می توانند افکار مصرف گرایانه را جایگزین افکار انتقادی و پرسشگر در اذهان مردم کنند. فرهنگ مصرف انبوه و فرهنگ توده، شرایط ایدئال برای سلطه بر مردم است. افراد این جوامع، معتاد به دنبال کردن رسانه های جمعی و مصرف مدام کالاها خواهند بود، که این به خلق توده ای منفعل منجر می شود که صدایی از آنِ خود ندارد. رمان برفکِ دُن دلیلو به ما هشدار می دهد که چگونه هم دستی فناوری های مصرفی مدرن و بازار، به سکون افراد منجر می شود و فرهنگ مصرف گرایی منتهی به از بین رفتن احساس استقلال در انسان ها. هدف پژوهش حاضر این است که با بهره گیری از آرای آدورنو و مارکوزه به تحلیل رمان برفکِ اثر دن دلیلو بپردازد تا کیفیت کنترل گرایانه فناوری ها و صنایع مصرفی مدرن بر فردیتِ افراد را مطالعه کند. براساس یافته های این پژوهش، رمان برفک منعکس کننده روش های مختلفی است که نظام های سرمایه داریِ توتالیتر از صنایع مدرن و فرهنگی به عنوان سیاستی برای اعمال نفوذ بر اشخاص استفاده می کنند تا آن ها را به انسان هایی مطیع و منفعل تبدیل سازند.
امکانات و کاستی های ستاک یابی فارسی در پردازش زبان طبیعی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
برای سرعت بخشیدن و آسانی انتقال و گسترش دانش، فرایندهای ذخیره و مبادله اطلاعات خودکارسازی می شوند. پردازش زبان طبیعی از محورهای این خودکارسازی است. زبان شناسان نظری می توانند در پیشبرد مطالعات پردازش زبان طبیعی نقش تأثیرگذاری ایفا کنند. آن ها باتکیه بر دستاوردهای مطالعات زبان شناختی می توانند با شناسایی شباهت های زبان ها به یکدیگر ابزاری را که متخصصان پردازش زبان طبیعی برای زبانی مشخص طراحی کرده اند، براساس شباهت برای زبان دیگری پیشنهاد دهند. به عبارتی، زبان شناسان نظری می توانند به تعمیم نتایج پژوهش های پردازش زبان طبیعی کمک کنند. در این مقاله، رویکردهای ستاک یابی زبان فارسی ازمنظر زبان شناسی نظری مطالعه و تحلیل شده اند. تحلیل صرفی از مراحل پردازش زبان طبیعی است که به صورت کلمه می پردازد. ستاک یابی نیز از مراحل اصلی تحلیل صرفی است که بر کاهش صورت واژه تصریف شده یا واژه مشتق تا رسیدن به ریشه یا ستاک تمرکز دارد. ازنظر زبانی، غنای صرفی، مسائل خط فارسی و منابع محدود باعث شده اند ستاک یابی در زبان فارسی به پژوهشی دشوار تبدیل شود. پیمودن این مراحل دشوار در گرو طراحی روش هایی کارآمد برای مؤلفه های خاص زبان فارسی است. پس از تحلیل رویکردهای مختلف ستاک یابی همچون رویکردهای ساختاری، آماری و یادگیری عمیق برای زبان هایی با مسائل مشابه مسائل زبان فارسی، ستاک یابی با استفاده از الگوی دنباله به دنباله برای زبان فارسی پیشنهاد می شود.
Examining Strategies and Supportive Moves in Requestive Speech Acts: A Comparative Study of 'Top Notch' and 'Summit' English Series(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Applied Linguistics Inquiry (ALI), Vol ۳, No ۱, Spring ۲۰۲۵
121 - 132
حوزههای تخصصی:
This study investigated the discourse features of requestive speech acts in 10 textbooks from the Top Notch and Summit series to assess their potential for developing learners' pragmatic competence. Requests were analyzed in terms of directness strategies, head acts, and supportive discourse moves, drawing on the frameworks of Blum-Kulka et al. (1989) and Farch and Kasper (1989). The findings revealed a bias towards direct request strategies in both series, likely influenced by their utilitarian discourse structure. While Top Notch provided a wider range of directness levels, Summit, designed for advanced learners, offered limited exposure to diverse request strategies. Internal supportive moves, particularly the use of questions, were more prevalent than external moves in both series. These findings suggest that while the series contribute to language learning, they may not fully equip learners with the pragmatic competence necessary for effective intercultural communication. Further research is needed to explore the impact of explicit instruction and implicit learning on the acquisition of request strategies.
The Mediating Role of Teacher-Student Relationship in the Association between Emotion Regulation and Psychological Well-being among Iranian EFL Teachers(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Teaching is a complex profession demanding strong emotional regulation and interpersonal relationship skills, which are critical to teachers’ psychological well-being (PWB). Based on positive psychology as well as Compassion-Based Language Education (CBLE), this research intends to examine the mediational role of teacher-student relationship (TSR) in the relationship between emotion regulation (ER) and psychological well-being of Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers. Adopting SEM and with the help of established scales, the study searches for fresh insights about these core psychological processes to reveal the intricate associations between emotional regulation, relationships, and the psychological outcomes at work in the context of EFL instruction. A total of 243 Iranian EFL teachers were also randomly chosen based on the stratified random sampling technique with different professional experiences (that is, with different academic degrees and expertise). Broad experience and qualifications make our sample representative of Iranian EFL teachers and enhance the generalization of our findings. Stratification also helped in the coverage of aspects of age, education, and experience. Inter-variable correlations were strong, and TSR was a significant mediating variable, as indicated by the path coefficients. The direct effect of ER on TSR, indirect effect on PWB through TSR, and the total effect of ER on PWB were very significant according to AMOS 26 software. Notably, partial mediation was found where direct relationships of ER to PWB were still significant along indirect routes through TSR. This study offers unique avenues for future intervention efforts aimed at enhancing teacher well-being through relationship-oriented interventions.
Examining Disfluencies in Translation Students: The Effects of Anxiety on English-Persian Consecutive Interpreting(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Applied Linguistics Inquiry (ALI), Vol ۳, No ۲, Fall ۲۰۲۵
131 - 141
حوزههای تخصصی:
Given the cognitive demands of consecutive interpreting and the psychological pressures faced by novice interpreters, the present quantitative study aims to identify the most frequently occurring disfluencies in the output of English-Persian interpreter trainees and to explore how interpreting anxiety influences different types of disfluencies. A total of 23 translation trainee students were selected based on convenience sampling. Data were gathered through the Interpreting Classroom Anxiety Scale and a CI exam. After classifying the disfluencies =, it was revealed that hesitation, silent pauses, and prolongation are the predominant disfluency features. These types of disfluencies indicate cognitive overload and failures in language planning. Statistical analyses showed a significant correlation between high levels of anxiety and an increased frequency of these disfluencies; however, no meaningful relationship was found between interpreting anxiety and disfluency in general. This suggests that anxiety adversely affects fluency and overall interpreting performance. This study highlights the critical role of psychological factors, particularly anxiety, in interpreter performance and training. The findings call for the inclusion of anxiety-reduction techniques in interpreter education and suggest future research on experience-based disfluency patterns and Persian-specific disfluency classification.
Impact des tâches numériques sur la production orale des apprenants iraniens de niveau débutant(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Cette recherche examine l’impact des tâches numériques sur la production orale des apprenants iraniens de FLE de niveau A2, dans le cadre d’un cours de conversation à distance. Neuf participants ont été impliqués dans douze séances organisées autour de cinq thèmes, au cours desquelles des tâches numériques soigneusement planifiées ont été mises en œuvre. La méthodologie adoptée combine des approches quantitatives (pré-test et post-test analysés à l’aide du logiciel SPSS ) et qualitatives (productions orales des apprenants et entretiens). Les analyses statistiques mettent en évidence une amélioration significative entre le pré-test et le post-test, confirmant un progrès global dans les productions orales des apprenants. Bien qu’aucune différence notable n’ait été observée entre les performances des apprenants dans les différentes tâches numériques, cette homogénéité souligne un développement régulier, indépendamment de la nature de la tâche. De plus, les témoignages des apprenants recueillis lors des entretiens révèlent des perceptions variées de leur expérience d’apprentissage, mettant en lumière à la fois des aspects positifs et des pistes d’amélioration concernant l’intervention mise en place. En conclusion, les tâches numériques enrichissent considérablement l’enseignement de la production orale dans le cadre des cours de conversation, en favorisant un apprentissage interactif et authentique. Leur pleine efficacité repose néanmoins sur une planification didactique rigoureuse, incluant des formations technologiques pour les apprenants afin d’optimiser les résultats et de développer de manière équilibrée les différentes compétences linguistiques.
خاستگاه واکه افراشته پیشینِ گردِ [y] در زبان کُردی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
هدف: هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، بررسی خاستگاه واکه افراشته پیشینِ گردِ /y/ در زبان کردی است. این واکه در زبان های دنیا نادر است. در زبان های ایرانی باستان و ایرانی میانه نشانی از این واکه مشاهده نمی شود؛ اما این واکه در برخی گویش های نو ایرانی مشاهده می شود. در نوشتار پیشِ رو با رویکرد تاریخی و در چارچوب فرایندهای تاریخی، خاستگاه واکه پیشینِ گردِ /y/ در کردی شاخه جنوبی (گویش کردی سنقروکلیایی) بررسی شده است. در پژوهش حاضر، برای نمونه، با رویکردی تاریخی خاستگاه 16 واژه دارای واکه /y/ (شامل اسم، صفت، فعل و ماده فعل)، در گویش کردی موردنظر از شکل فرضی و بازسازی شده هندواروپایی و ایرانی باستان تا دوره نو بررسی شده است. واژه های نمونه از فرهنگ مردوخ (1392) و واژه نامه پایان نامه دکتری خنجری (1397) انتخاب شده اند که واژه هایِ این گویش را دربردارد. داده های زبان های باستانی به روش اسنادی و داده های گویشی به دو شکل اسنادی و مصاحبه میدانی با گویشوران گردآوری شده است. همچنین نگارنده گویشور گویش کردی سنقروکلیایی است. پس از بررسی داده های گویشی و دگرگونی های به وجودآمده در گذر از دوره باستان به دوره نو در واژه های مورد بررسی، علاوه بر مشخص شدنِ خاستگاه واکه افراشته پیشینِ گردِ /y/ -که در بخش نتیجه گیری ارائه می شود- یافته های پژوهش نشان داد که در این گویش کردی همخوان غلت لبی-پیش کامی واک دار /ɥ/ نیز وجود دارد. از این پژوهش می توان چنین نتیجه گرفت که در مواردی خاستگاهِ واکه پیشینِ گردِ /y/ در گویش کردی سنقروکلیایی، براثرِ پیشین شدگیِ واکه افراشته پسینِ گردِ /u/، /ū/ در گذر از دوره باستان به دوره نو بوده است. همچنین مشخص شد که در برخی موارد هم نشینی همخوانِ غلتِ /j/ با واکه پسینِ /u/ در توالیِ -uj- و هم نشینی همخوانِ غلتِ /w/ با واکه گسترده /i/ در توالیِ -(i)wi-، درنتیجه دگرگونی های رخ داده در گذر از دوره باستان به دوره نو، در این گویش کردی به واکه پیشینِ گردِ /y/ تبدیل شده است.
Examining the Elicited Imitation Test in an EFL Classroom: Insights from Language Assessment and Student Perception(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
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The Elicited Imitation Test (EIT) is widely recognized for its reliability in research settings as a proficiency assessment tool. However, there exists a need to examine its predictive validity in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. This study investigates the extent to which the EIT, alongside the Oxford Placement Test (OPT), can predict students' academic achievements in an English for Academic Purposes course, including overall grade point average and scores in listening, speaking, grammar, and vocabulary. The study also examines the relationship between students' perceptions of their listening and speaking skills and their EIT performance. The study involves 41 participants, with data analysis conducted using both regression and correlation methods. Results show that the EIT significantly predicts students' grade point average and language skills. Students' self-perceived speaking and listening abilities reasonably align with their actual performance on the EIT, and it seems that factors related to comprehension weigh heavily in their considerations. These findings have significant implications for EFL research and pedagogy.
The Impact of Language Assessment Literacy Enhancement (LALE) on Iranian High School EFL Students’ Knowledge of Assessment as Learning in Writing(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
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The present study aimed to investigate the impact of language assessment literacy enhancement (LALE) on Iranian high school EFL students’ assessment as learning of writing skill. It also aimed to examine if LALE affects Iranian EFL students’ attitudes toward assessment as learning. To this end, 80 intermediate-level high-school EFL learners were selected and randomly categorized into the experimental and control groups. Both groups wrote an essay in the pre-test phase. Then, The ESL Composition Scale was used to teach the students what makes good writing and what criteria and standards they are supposed to learn to be able to write and rate the essays of their own and their peers. The control group received no instructional information on assessment rubrics. The experimental and control groups wrote another essay on a specific topic in the post-test phase. In the qualitative phase of the study, ten high school EFL students from the experimental group were interviewed regarding their attitudes toward the practice of assessment as learning of the writing skill in their English classes. The findings indicated that LALE significantly affected Iranian high school EFL students’ assessment as learning of writing skill. Moreover, students believed peer and self-assessment techniques are rarely implemented in Iranian high school EFL classes. They were also uncertain and felt uncomfortable judging, evaluating, criticizing, and rating their peers. Besides, they felt that they were not knowledgeable and capable enough to play the role of an assessor.
Comprehensive Review of Writing Assessments in EFL Contexts: A Meta-Synthetic Study(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
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Writing assessments in the EFL context today have put a great concern on language acquisition and proficiency testing. However, diverse techniques and practices require a comprehensive synthesis to better understand trends, gaps, and best practices. This study reviews and synthesizes prior research on writing assessments in EFL contexts. It examines the dominant assessment approaches, their effectiveness, and their impact on EFL learners' writing skills holistically. The study employs a meta-synthesis approach. Fifty journal articles indexed by Scopus, ERIC, Crossref, Google Scholar, DOAJ, Copernicus, and other indexing databases between 2018 and 2024 were selected as the data to review in this study. The data selection was conducted to ensure the relevance and quality of the literature reviewed. The results include a variety of assessment practices such as teacher feedback, self-assessment, peer-assessment, blended or collaborative assessment, automated writing evaluation (AWE), and artificial intelligence in EFL writing settings. The study also concludes that, despite the diversity and complexity of writing assessments in EFL contexts, there is a strong need for more standardized and contextually valid assessment practices. Effective assessments align with instructional goals and offer meaningful feedback that supports student learning. The study recommends developing comprehensive assessment frameworks tailored to specific EFL contexts, providing more training for educators in assessment literacy, and conducting further research into the long-term impact of various assessment practices on the writing development of EFL learners.
Exploring English Language Pre-service Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Applied Research on English Language, V. ۱۴, N. ۱ , ۲۰۲۵
163 - 188
حوزههای تخصصی:
Based on Shulman's (1986) concept of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) emerged and became a helpful framework for comprehending the objectives of using technology in pre-service teacher training programs. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate Iranian pre-service EFL teachers’ (PSEFLTs) perceptions towards their TPACK regarding their gender and academic year of study. To this aim, 254 Iranian PSEFLTs across various academic years of study filled out a 39-item EFL TPACK questionnaire developed by Baser et al. (2016). The questionnaire included seven categories: Content Knowledge (CK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), Technology Knowledge (TK), PCK, Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCK). Based on the collected data, which were subjected to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and post-hoc analysis, it was found that PSEFLTs generally held mildly favorable perceptions towards their TPACK. Notably, the lowest mean score was observed for the TK component, while the component with the highest mean score was the CK component. In terms of the gender effect, statistically significant differences were found in the TK and TPCK dimensions, where males outscored females in both TK and TPCK and females outscored males in CK. Furthermore, an examination of the relationship between participants' TPACK and their academic years of study manifested a statistically significant difference primarily between freshmen and seniors. The results are expected to encourage curriculum planners to develop PSEFLTs’ training programs by integrating technology courses into the ELT curriculum.