علی محمد حقیقی

In this article, the role and effects of elites in development with emphasis on the development of the tourism industry have been studied that in general, the role of human resources and the thought of political and scientific elites in using domestic and international capacities as a superior model compared to other factors can show their degree of importance on various aspects. The approach of the leaders and elites of countries in providing the grounds for political, educational, and economic growth has been analyzed based on factors related to development and also weaknesses and shortcomings in the lack of balanced stimulus to inclusive development, especially the development of industry have been pointed from a political-executive point of view. The descriptive and analytical method as well as the comparative model with maximum use of capacities and requirements to better understand the effective parameters in the subject and objectives of the research have been the method of this research. The results show that political elites have had positive and sometimes negative effects on the growth and development process, especially the development of the tourism industry.

Abstract: Terrorism is a phenomenon that has spread to almost all parts of the world in the late 20th century and the beginning of the 21th century to the extent that many Middle East-ern countries have been subjected to such violence and unrest; in fact, with the advent of science and technology, particularly the global spread of the Internet and social net-works, the face of terrorism has been changed and in sum, not only facilitated terrorist attacks, but also introduced new lands of opportunities in the field of means and instru-ments for terrorists. Thus, the application of biological, chemical, radiological as well as cyber attacks proves that terrorist groups benefited from modernized science and ad-vanced tools root in the potentials of the globalization age. Clearly, they do so in order to improve the only process of goal attainment. The main issue of this descriptive-analytic paper concerns how new science and technology appealed in line with the de-velopment of terrorist groups actions in the Middle East? Accordingly, the hypothesis is that terrorist groups in the Middle East are constantly using modern facilities and tech-nologies in the globalization space to represent themselves and to create massive terror-ist networks. This will bring more and more propaganda for broader terrorist activities and significantly promote recruitment as well.