ارائه مدل علی اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی براساس طرح واره های ناسازگار اولیه و تروماهای کودکی با نقش واسطه ای راهبرد مقابله هیجان مدار (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف از پژوهش حاضر تدوین مدل سبب شناسی اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی براساس مؤلفه های طرح واره های ناسازگار اولیه و تروماهای کودکی با نقش واسطه ای راهبرد مقابله هیجان مدار بود. طرح پژوهش، همبستگی و به شیوه معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش کلیه دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران در سال تحصیلی 1401-1400 بودند که به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی چندمرحله ای انتخاب شدند. تعداد 306 نفر که در پرسشنامه اضطراب اجتماعی کانور نمره بالای 40 را به دست آورده بودند، به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری داده ها از پرسشنامه های طرح واره ناسازگار اولیه یانگ (1991)، پرسشنامه تجارب آسیب زای محمدخانی (2003)، پرسشنامه راهبردهای مقابله ای اندلر و پارکر (1990) و پرسشنامه اضطراب اجتماعی کانور (2000) استفاده شد. به منظور تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS19 و AMOS24 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد داده های پژوهش با مدل فرضی پژوهش برازش مطلوبی دارد. متغیرهای پیش بین طرح واره های ناسازگار اولیه و تروماهای کودکی به صورت مستقیم و غیرمستقیم با میانجی گری راهبرد مقابله هیجان مدار بر اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی تأثیر معنادار داشتند (01/0 >p). همچنین، راهبرد مقابله هیجان مدار بر اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی تأثیر مستقیم داشت (01/0 >p). نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که طرح واره های ناسازگار اولیه و آسیب های دوران کودکی می توانند پیش بین های قوی اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی باشند و در این میان، راهبرد مقابله هیجان مدار به عنوان متغیر میانجی، بخشی از فرایند اثرگذاری در شکل گیری نشانه های اضطراب اجتماعی است. برگزاری کارگاه های آموزشی درزمینه متغیرهای پژوهش توصیه می شود و همچنین، مداخلات درمانی باید به این عوامل بپردازند.Presenting a causal model of social anxiety disorder based on primary maladaptive schemas and childhood traumas with the mediating role of emotional coping strategy
The aim of the current research was to formulate the etiological model of social anxiety disorder based on the components of early maladaptive schemas and childhood traumas with the mediating role of emotional coping strategy. The research design was correlational and structural equations. The statistical population of the research included all students of the Islamic Azad University of Olom-Tahghighat in the academic year of 2021-2022 in Tehran province. A total of 306 people who scored above 40 in Connor's social anxiety test were selected as a sample. To collect data, Young Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire (1991), Mohammad Khani's Traumatic Experience Q5uestionnaire (2003), Andler and Parker's Multidimensional assessment of coping (1990), and Connor's Social Anxiety Questionnaire (2000) were used. Then, the obtained data were entered into the structural equation hypothesis model. In order to analyze the obtained data, SPSS19 and AMOS24 were used. The results of the model analysis showed that the hypothetical research model has a good fit with the data. Predictor variables of early maladaptive schemas and childhood traumas with the mediation of emotional coping strategy had a significant effect on social anxiety disorder (p<0/01). In addition, emotional coping strategies had a direct effect on social anxiety disorder (p<0/01). The results of the research indicate that early maladaptive schemas and childhood traumas can be strong predictors of social anxiety disorder. The results also indicate that emotional coping strategies as mediating variables are part of the influencing process in the form of symptoms of social anxiety disorder. It is recommended to hold educational workshops in the field of maladaptive schemas, coping strategies for childhood traumas, and therapeutic interventions. Introduction Social anxiety disorder (SAD) or social phobia, a disorder from the class of anxiety disorders, is one of the most common psychological disorders (Garcia-Lopez & et al, 2006). Social anxiety is one of the most debilitating disorders, the symptoms of which start from childhood or adolescence and continue until later stages of development, affecting personal life, social interactions, and professional life. People with this disorder are afraid of a wide range of social interactions such as talking to strangers and joining groups. These manifestations are often very chronic over time and are associated with a wide range of psychological problems, including challenges in relationships with parents, peers, and school-related issues (Leigh & Clark, 2018). Considering the problems caused by social anxiety, it is very important to identify the underlying mechanisms involved in social anxiety so as to solve the problems of people with this issue. Based on this, the present study shows the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and childhood traumas with the mediation of emotion-oriented coping strategies in people with social anxiety disorder. Method The research method in this study was correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research included students of the Islamic Azad University of Olom-Tahghighat in the academic year of 2021-2022 in Tehran province, who were selected via multi-stage random sampling. At first, five faculties were selected among the faculties of the university. Then, several classes were selected from each faculty and finally the research questionnaires were distributed among the students of selected classes. After completing Connor's social anxiety questionnaire, 306 people who scored above 40, based on the entry and exit criteria, were selected as the sample. Determining the minimum sample size for collecting data related to structural equation modeling is very important. Meyers et al.,, (2006) believe that at least 10 people should be considered for each measured or predicted variable. Also, Kline (2010) claims that a minimum sample size of 200 people can be valid. Data collection tools include Young early maladaptive schemas questionnaire (1991), Mohammad Khani's traumatic childhood experiences questionnaire (2003), Andler and Parker's Multidimensional assessment of coping (1990) and Connor's social anxiety questionnaire (2000). In order to analyze the data, SPSS19 and AMOS24 software were used. Findings All the fit indices (AGFI, TLI, GFI, IFI, PCFI, RSMEA, CMIN/DF) were at the optimal level. This, indicated that the assumed model has an acceptable fit with the research data, which according to the fit indices, confirms the fit of the model. By examining the relationships between the variables, the standard beta coefficient of the initial maladaptive schemas path to social anxiety disorder was 0.606. The same coefficient for the path of traumatic childhood experiences to social anxiety disorder was 0.457, and for the path of emotional coping strategy to social anxiety was 0.161. All obtained coefficients were positive and significant. The beta coefficient of the indirect path between primary maladaptive schemas to social anxiety disorder through emotional coping strategy was 0.075. Since its upper and lower limits are equal to 0.143 and 0.010, and zero is between the upper limit, it can be concluded that there is an indirect relationship between these two variables through the variable of emotional coping strategy. Also, the beta coefficient of the indirect path between traumatic childhood experiences and social anxiety disorder through emotional coping strategy was equal to 0.071. Since its upper and lower limits are equal to 0.142 and 0.011, and zero is between the upper limit, It can be concluded that there is an indirect relationship between these two variables through the variable of emotional coping strategy. Discussion and Conclusion The purpose of this research was to examine the fit of the causal model of social anxiety disorder based on primary maladaptive schemas and traumatic childhood experiences with the mediating role of emotional coping strategy to determine the direct and indirect effects of these variables on social anxiety disorder. The results of data analysis indicated the acceptable fit of the model. The predictor variables of primary maladaptive schemas and traumatic childhood experiences with the mediating role of emotional coping strategy had a significant effect on social anxiety disorder. Moreover, emotional coping strategy had a direct effect on social anxiety disorder. It is recommended to hold educational workshops in the field of primary maladaptive schemas, traumatic childhood experiences, and emotional coping strategies. In addition, therapeutic interventions should also address the abovementioned factors. One of the limitations of the current research was that our research was conducted in the form of a quantitative research using data collected through a questionnaire and in the population of students who did not refer to medical centers. This, makes it necessary to be cautious in generalizing the results.
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