چارچوب شناسایی مؤلفه های با اهمیت پایداری در صنعت بورس با استفاده از رویکرد تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف این پژوهش، ارائه چارچوبی جامع از مؤلفه های با اهمیت پایداری صنعت بورس ایران به سبب ادغام در استراتژی ها، اندازه گیری، ارزیابی و گزارشگری عملکرد پایداری است. به منظور شناسایی مهم ترین موضوعات پایداری در صنعت بورس ایران، یافته های پژوهش احمدی و همکاران (1401) مبنا در نظر گرفته شد که مبتنی بر تحلیل محتوای گزارش های پایداری صنعت بورس اوراق بهادار خارج از ایران و مشتمل بر 33 مؤلفه اصلی و 352 زیرمؤلفه است. به سبب تدوین یک چارچوب بومی، از مشارکت 21 نفر از متخصصان صنعت برای انطباق مؤلفه های پایداری بورس های خارجی با توجه به فرهنگ و محیط کشور ایران استفاده شده است. پس از نهایی شدن چارچوب پایداری صنعت بورس ایران، به منظور ارزیابی اهمیت و اولویت بندی مؤلفه های اصلی پایداری با در نظر داشتن دیدگاههای خبرگان، از رویکرد AHP فازی استفاده شده است. با توجه به تأثیرات اقتصادی گسترده بورس ها از منظر تأمین مالی بنگاه های اقتصادی و دولت (ازطریق مالیات کارمزد معاملات و انتشار اوراق)، یافته های این پژوهش حاکی از اولویت مؤلفه های بعد اقتصادی نسبت به سایر ابعاد است. مؤلفه های اقتصاد کلان، دولت و سایر مقررات گذاران و اعتماد و اطمینان دارای بیشترین اهمیت نسبی در میان کلیه مؤلفه ها هستند. همچنین، با توجه به آلایندگی اندک شرکت های بورس، اولویت نسبی مؤلفه های بعد زیست محیطی نسبت به سایر ابعاد در این صنعت کمتر است.A Framework for Identifying Material sustainability Criteria in the Exchange Industry Using Fuzzy AHP Method
Considering the important role of the exchange industry in the optimal allocation of resources and economic growth, as well as promoting a culture of attention to sustainability issues, the purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive framework of material sustainability criteria in the exchange industry for integration into strategies, performance measurement, evaluation and reporting. In order to identify material sustainability criteria in the Iranian exchange industry, the findings of Ahmadi et al research (1401) which include 33 criteria and 352 sub-criteria have been used as a basis. In order to formulate a local framework, the participation of 21 industry experts was used to modify the criteria identified in the Ahmadi et al, according to the culture of Iran. Finally, after finalizing sustainability framework of the Iranian exchange industry, in order to evaluate materiality and prioritize the main criteria, the Fuzzy AHP method has been used. Considering the extensive effects of exchanges from the perspective of financing economic enterprises and the government (through transaction fee tax and issuing bonds), the findings of this study indicate the priority of economic dimension over other sustainability dimensions. Macroeconomics, government and other regulators and trust and confidence have the greatest relative importance among all other criteria. On the other hand, due to the low emissions of exchanges, the relative importance of environment dimension criteria is less than other dimensions in the industry. Introduction The number of countries that have organized capital markets has increased greatly in recent decades and investors' interest in capital markets have experienced unprecedented growth in recent years. As a result of the increased attention of society towards investing in capital markets, their awareness of sustainability issues has also increased. As a result, in such a situation, the necessity of proper management and sustainable performance of exchanges and issuing sustainability reports is more important than before. Sustainability reporting deals with how a company can report its sustainability performance in the form of a formal report, taking into account its responsibilities regarding positive and negative economic, social and environmental impacts (Hahn & Michael, 2013). In the current situation of Iranian exchanges and the volatility of stock prices and indices, the attention of a wide range of domestic stakeholders has been drawn to the performance of the exchanges. Therefore in the current situation, it is very important to achieve sustainable performance and be responsible to stakeholders. Therefore, the aim of this study is to answer the question that paying attention to what factors will guarantee the sustainable performance of exchanges and as a result economic development in the long term. Methods and material In order to identify the important sustainability criteria of the Iranian exchange industry in the present study, the results of Ahmadi et al were used as a basis. They presented a comprehensive international framework of sustainability. In order to confirm and modify their proposed model in domestic exchanges, the method of interviewing 21 experts has been used. Then, the fuzzy AHP method has been used to prioritize the sustainability criteria. The results of this process is providing a framework of the most important sustainability issues, considering the priority coefficients of each criterion. The paradigm of the current research is an interpretive paradigm, and in order to extract the sustainability criteria, an inductive approach has been used. From the perspective of research strategy, this study can be classified in the field of documentary and survey studies. Also, due to the use of quantitative and qualitative approaches to answer the research questions, this study used mixed method. On the other hand, due to the fact that this study was conducted at a specific point in time, this study is classified as a cross-sectional study. Findings Based on the research findings, the most important sustainability criteria of the exchange industry can be classified in four economic, social, environmental, and corporate governance dimensions. After summarizing Ahmadi et al. (under publication) findings with the results of the interview coding process regarding the most important sustainability criteria of the Iranian exchange industry, 6 main criteria under the environmental dimension, 6 criteria under the social dimension, 11 criteria under the economic dimension and 13 criteria under the corporate governance dimension has been classified. Based on the findings of this study, the criteria of the economic dimension are the most important and the criteria of the environmental dimension are the least important in the Iranian exchange industry. Table 1: The relative and ultimate priority of sustainability framework criteria of Iran's exchange industry Dimension Criteria Relative Importance of Criteria Ultimate Importance of Criteria Relative Priority of Criteria Ultimate Priority of Criteria Economic Macroeconomics 0.140 0.072 1 1 Economic Government and Other Regulators 0.129 0.066 2 2 Economic Trust and Confidence 0.128 0.065 3 3 Economic Operational Excellence 0.106 0.054 4 4 Economic Diversified Products and Services 0.098 0.050 5 5 Economic Innovation and Technology 0.093 0.048 6 6 Economic Listed Companies 0.083 0.042 7 7 Corporate Governance Board of Directors 0.132 0.040 1 8 Economic Transparency 0.074 0.038 8 9 Corporate Governance Self-Regulation and Independence 0.125 0.037 2 10 Economic Disclosure and Reporting 0.072 0.037 9 11 Corporate Governance Market Regulation and Surveillance 0.119 0.036 3 12 Economic Financial and Economic Performance 0.067 0.034 10 13 Corporate Governance Risk Management 0.106 0.032 4 14 Corporate Governance Financial Crimes 0.105 0.031 5 15 Social Human Capital 0.225 0.027 1 16 Corporate Governance Responsibility and Accountability 0.084 0.025 6 17 Social Education and Training 0.185 0.022 2 18 Social Support for Startups and SMEs 0.183 0.022 3 19 Social Human Rights 0.178 0.022 4 20 Corporate Governance Conflict of Interest Management 0.070 0.021 7 21 Corporate Governance Stakeholder Management 0.066 0.020 8 22 Social Diversity and Equality 0.163 0.020 5 23 Corporate Governance Audit and Assurance 0.061 0.018 9 24 Corporate Governance Ethics 0.051 0.015 10 25 Environmental Energy and Resource Management 0.196 0.014 1 26 Environmental Awareness Raising and Participation in The Environment 0.193 0.013 2 27 Environmental Designing Environmental Instruments 0.179 0.012 3 28 Environmental Environmental Requirements for Listing 0.178 0.012 4 29 Corporate Governance Values and Culture 0.039 0.012 11 30 Corporate Governance Vision 0.038 0.011 12 31 Environmental Carbon Footprint and Greenhouse Gas Emissions 0.150 0.010 5 32 Social Improving the Living Standards 0.066 0.008 6 33 Environmental Compliance with Environmental Rules 0.103 0.007 6 34 Economic Supply Chain Management 0.011 0.005 11 35 Corporate Governance Whistleblowing 0.004 0.001 13 36 Total 1 Conclusion & Results According to the survey conducted by Wfe in 2016, the most important sustainability issues for exchanges include ethics and corruption, board of directors composition and remuneration, health and safety, risk management, labor standards, water use and recycling, pollution (air, water and waste), climate change and energy, supply chain, human rights and diversity. The findings of the survey conducted by Wfe are limited to 11 criteria, while in the present study a comprehensive approach has been used to identify the most important sustainability criteria and prioritize them. Findings include 36 main criteria and include all the provided criteria in the Wfe survey. The findings of this study will help exchanges to identify the most important issues that help to create shared value. The findings of this study can be used to develop sustainable strategies as well as the findings can also help providers of sustainability reports to choose the most important sustainability issues to report. In addition, due to the similarity of the mechanisms of the financial industry to the exchange industry, financial industry professionals can also use the findings of this research in their sustainability decisions.
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