گونه شناسی و قابلیت گرافیکی آرایه های معماری مسجد امام کرمان (مسجد ملک) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مسجد امام کرمان به دلیل برخورداری از قسمت های مختلف تاریخی از آل بویه تا دوره معاصر، و همچنین داشتن آرایه های گوناگون معماری از آجرکاری، کاشی کاری، گچ بری و غیره، منبع بسیار مناسبی برای مطالعات تاریخی، فرهنگی و هنری است و نقوش به کار رفته در آن، می توانند در طراحی گرافیکی مدرن مورد استفاده قرار گیرند. روش انجام تحقیق بر مبنای ماهیت توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده است و گردآوری اطلاعات به صورت ترکیبی (کتابخانه ای و میدانی) صورت گرفته است. نگارندگان با رویکرد مطالعه کاربردی، این فرضیه را مبنای پژوهش خود قرار داده اند که: «نقوش گره چینی و تزیینی موجود در اجزای مختلف معماری مسجد امام کرمان، از غنا و قابلیت به روز کردن برخوردارند». پس از بررسی های لازم، مشخص شد که نقوش مجموعه یادشده، در گونه های انتزاعی، حاشیه پردازی، گره چینی، اسلیمی و مقرنس قابل تقسیم بندی است که البته هرکدام از آن ها نیز به دو زیرگونه دیگر تقسیم می شوند. نتایج پژوهش بیانگر آن است که نقش مایه های موجود در بنا، می توانند با اندک تغییراتی در طرح و ابعاد، بر روی مصنوعات و کالبد معماری مدرن نیز استفاده شوند. این امر می تواند یک منبع غنی فرهنگی را برای هنرمندان و صنعتگران معرفی و شیوه بهره گیری از آن ها را به دیگر بناهای تاریخی، تعمیم دهد.Typology and graphic capability of architectural arrays of Imam Mosque in Kerman (Malek Mosque)
The Seljuk period of Iran is one of the most golden, most prominent and at the same time, the most decisive historical periods of it. One of these works of Seljuk architecture, which it can dare to consider valuable in terms of brickwork decorations in the art and architecture of Islamic Iran, is the Imam mosque of Kerman. It has known as the first comprehensive urban mosque and the center of communities in Kerman. This mosque is a very good source for historical, cultural and artistic studies due to its various historical parts from Al Boya to the contemporary era, as well as having various architectural artifacts from bricks, tiles and gypsum, and so on. The used motifs in it can be used in modern graphic design. The research methodology was descriptive-analytic in nature and the data collecting method was combined (library and field). The author, with the applied study approach, bases this hypothesis as: "The knots and decorative motifs in the various components of the architecture of Imam Mosque of Kerman have the richness and ability to update." After the necessary investigations, it was discovered that the motifs of the mentioned collection is dividable into abstract species, margins, knots, Asliemi, and Mogharnes that each of them is divided into two subspecies. The results of the research indicate that the existing structures in the building can be used on the artifacts and modern architecture with modifications in design and dimensions. It can introduce a rich cultural source for artists and craftsman and extend the way for using them into other monuments. The decorations in an architectural work not only enliven to that hit, but also provide a reliable source for studying the art of that period. The Imam mosque has several altars from the Albuya period after which it has works of Seljuk period architecture. In fact, it should be said that the most important parts of the mosque were built during this period. The Seljuk architecture of Iran is one of the effective and focal points in the history of the country's architecture. There is no doubt that the Malek mosque of Kerman is privileged in its kind in this respect. A Brick tower, surviving from the Seljuk period has located in the northeast corner of it. The mentioned tower or minaret similar to other Seljuk towers that were very tall before collapsed later and now there are no more than six meters left. The rest of the mosque has been rebuilt and developed after the Seljuk period so the architectural works and arrays of the different periods can be found there. The study of the intended motifs can reveal the artistic and the time conjunction of the building with other similar buildings. Writers, in topic analysis respond to the following questions: 1. how many species are the geometric shapes and motifs on the tower of Imam Mosque divided? 2. Which types of Seljuk architecture arrays are matched with the identified arrays? 3. What aesthetic analysis can one do with the mention motifs?
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