تمایزهای کیفی و کمی در سیر تحول ارسی های قاجاری تبریز (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
ارسی ها به عنوان یکی از مهم ترین نورگیرها در معماری سنتی ایران به شمار می رود. شاید بتوان دوران قاجار را به عنوان عصر طلایی و یا نقطه ی اوجی در ساخت و به کارگیری ارسی ها محسوب نمود. تبریز به عنوان یکی از مهم ترین شهرهای دوران قاجار در بردارنده ارسی های فراوانی است. طیف وسیع ارسی های قاجاری تبریز از جنبه های متفاوتی قابل تفکیک هستند. سوال اصلی این است که علاوه بر دسته بندی تاریخی، چه مولفه هایی در ارسی های قاجاری تبریز برای طبقه بندی آنها وجود دارد. با هدف رسیدن به پاسخ این سوال، در سه بازه ی زمانی پیشنهادی در دوران قاجار، وجوه تمایز و مشابهت ارسی ها در فراوانی، طرح و نقش، شکل کلی، رنگ شیشه ها و تکنیک های ساخت، مورد مطالعه قرار می گیرد. این که ارسی ها متاثر از عوامل مختلف، دارای سیر تحول در این دوران سه گانه هستند، از فرضیات این مقاله به شمار می رود. شیوه ی تحقیق، توصیفی تحلیلی و روش جمع آوری اطلاعات کتابخانه ای میدانی است. بررسی های انجام گرفته نشان می دهد، ارسی های دوران اول، دوم و سوم با وجود مشابهت هایی در بخش تکنیک ساخت، تمایزات چشم گیری در فراوانی، طرح و نقش و شکل کلی دارند. اگر این تمایزات ارزش گذاری کیفی و کمی شوند، سیر نزولی در تحول ارسی های قاجاری تبریز از دوران اول تا دوران سوم قابل مشاهده است.ارسی های قاجاری تبریز، تمایزهای کیفی و کمی، طرح و نقش، تکنیک های ساخت ارسی.
Typically always financial problems and economic conditions are the impact of many of the decorations of the building and had even built. But it's clear that perhaps we could mention the Qajar era as the golden period or Renaissance of making and using this Orsies. As customized in architecture studies, Orsies are one of the most important light-guards in the Iranian traditional architecture. Until the arrival of the railway in the Persian architecture, Ories were used in many buildings and with various forms. On the other hand, Tabriz as a one of the significant cities of Qajar involves many color full Orsies. The great varieties of Qajar Orsies in Tabriz are distinguishable from the different directions. The main question in this research could be in addition to the historical classifying, what are other items for classifying these Orsies. Note that this part of the research vague answers is whether the classification triple Orsies named first, second and third Qajar Simply are distinct in terms of transposition time? Or Allowing a visual component analysis and Physical features and Orsies are generally separated them in three classes. To answer this question it is necessary to show main features of Orsies in each of the courses to be assessed. Therefor in order to get the answers of this question, for three periods of Qajar era, it will be studied the followings: The differences and similarities of Orsies in frequency, design, total forms, the color of windows and the methods approach to building them. The fact that these Orsies are affected by different factors, they have the traditional periods in these triple-periods, are the assumption of this article. Can say, although according to historical Qajarian Orsies category remained in Tabriz, there are few examples left of the first period; but the quality of designs, sizes and number of entrance is a diversification. The second period was relatively stable, so that there is a jump in the number of seats. The sharp decline in the third period of the sash occurs in buildings. Elegance designs at this time are very low and the number scrolls boards not more than seven assembly. In the first and second courses of red, green, blue and yellow on glasses are used. But in the third period, the area is low and often using colored glass, colorless glass is filled with the inscription space. It necessary to explain that the method of current research is descriptive analysis and the method of gathering library data is by scope. Also it should clear that the conclusions of this surveys show that the Orsies of 1st, 2nd and 3rd eras despite having similarities on building methods, they have notable distinctions. Some of main differentiations are reflected in several factors as: frequency, design and total frames. It's not deniable that, the descending order in the changing of orsies of Qajar in Tabriz from the 1st to the 3rd eras could be seen, if qualitative and quantitative distinctions will exhibited of worth point of view.
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