پیکرک های گلی انسانی نو یافته استان هرمزگان، حوزه فرهنگی بلوچستان، جنوب شرق ایران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مجموعه پیکرک های مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش مبتنی بر یک پیکرک از یافته های کاوش فصل سوم تم مارون و 4 پیکرک موجود در مخزن موزه بندر عباس که از بشاگرد(محلی بشگرد)، شهرستان جاسک، شمال شرقی استان هرمزگان در جنوب شرق ایران است، می باشد. این مجموعه نو یافته در نوع خود جدید و تا کنون از ایران چنین نمونه هایی که معرف فرهنگ بلوچستان است، گزارش نشده است. پیکرک های مورد مطالعه نشان از ساخت آثار حجمی گلی آرایش شده انسانی است که از نظر ویژگی های بصری و زیبا شناسی می توان کارکرد آیینی- اجتماعی برای آنها پیشنهاد نمود. در این پژوهش با طرح پرسش های مختلف برآن است گسترش و ریشه احتمالی فرهنگ بلوچستان و سند به ویژه هنر پیکرک سازی را در حوزه فرهنگی جنوب شرق ایران به ویژه در استان هرمزگان مشخص نماید. از اینرو مهمترین اهداف این پژوهش شناخت ریشه جایگاه هنر پیکره سازی ، کاربرد، مقایسه و گسترش آن در حوره فرهنگی بلوچستان است. مهمترین پرسش این پژوهش چگونگی شناخت هنرپیکرک سازی و گسترش این هنر در حوزه فرهنگی بلوچستان و فرهنگ و تمدن سند، ;کاربرد و تاریخ گذاری براساس این مجموعه چیست؟. در این پژوهش با روش تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی مجموعه مورد بررسی قرار می گردد .The new founds of human terracotta from Hormozgan Province Cultural Zone of Baluchistan, Southeast Iran
In every part of ancient Iran, human terracotta figurines are an integral part of the local culture. They play an important part in ancient Iranian religious practices, and there are many examples of figurines being offered to deities. In addition to their ubiquity, they have a very ancient history. The first figurines ever found in this part of the world are from the first occupation of the several sites, dated to 9000 B.C. In a collection as diverse as this, typology is an important part of the study. The 5 figurines represent a period of 5,000 years and come from 2 specific sites, and an location within Hormozgan provinces. They need to be divided into groups and are typically based on shape, decoration. The typology for this paper is based on common characteristics and similarity with published figurines. In comparative analogy, two objects are compared and conclusions about one are drawn based on similarities with the other. The human terracotta in the collection were found at Tolle Maroun site, from third Excavations session , and four figurines Ethnographical Bandar Abbas Museum’s collection, Southeast Iran. This paper will study and analyze a collection of new human terracotta in the Bandar Abbas Museum. The human terracotta are an integral part of the local culture. They play an important role of ancient Baluchistan religious practices. This detailed introduction to the human terracotta figurines that form this collection consists of some parts. The first part consists of a review of literature. The second part of this paper defines the typology of the thesis collection and detailed introduction to the human terracotta figurines that form this collection The third and final part provides a detailed description of various aspects of the figurines, including height, sex, completion and leg division. The typology for this paper is based on common characteristics and similarity with published figurines. The mains Questions in this research are, What is the function of these figurines? What is the meaning of these figurines? What is their chronology? This purpose of this research is to review the literature on Baluchistan Culture human figurines, and to analyze and interpret this new collection of figurines that has not so far been published. The research of methodology based, analysis includes a description of the characteristics of the figurines, and interpretations of their functions and meanings. 4 of 5of the figurines in the research collection are identical to figurines from the Indus Valley Civilization, Baluchistan culture. The idea of the Mother Goddess is widespread and entrenched, and therefore must be acknowledged. What were the figurines of the thesis collection used for and what did they mean to their users? It is possible they had religious functions and meanings The discussion of religious figurines contains descriptions of figurines embedded in a lengthy account of the Mother Goddess religion. ; and the concept of the Mother Goddess is very widespread, appearing in Europe, the Near East and South Asia.
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