Teaching Methods

The “Story-Based Language Teaching (SBLT)” is one of the most effective approaches in language pedagogy that addresses various elements and parameters in different texts. The aim of this study is to locate SBLT elements in one of the popular Holy Quran’s stories; namely, Abraham`s story known as a pedagogical text, based on Javadi Amoli (2006) and Farhadian’s (2011) Quranic pedagogical frameworks. To this end, the corpus of 130 verses containing the Abraham narration from various surahs was scrutinized and analyzed to extract their precious methods and strategies. To do that, the coding system was utilized to account for the frequency of the predominant method. Upon completion of the coding procedure, the inter-rater (coder) reliability was estimated and the results were confirmed by 81% reliability. The results illustrated that most of the Quranic pedagogical methods proposed by Javadi Amoli (2006) and Farhadian (2011) are manifested in Abraham`s story and some other methods were found by the present researcher through further analysis. The above-mentioned methods from the most repeated to the least ones are Storytelling, Repetition, Precise look, Wisdom, Encouragement, Socratic method, excellent examples, Sympathy, Metaphor, Parable method, Prayer, punishment, Discussion, Debate, Simile, Observation, Experience, Legislation, Holistic view, and Exemplification, respectively. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the dominant instructional methods in this story were inductive and explicit. The findings contribute to Quranic courses syllabus design and teaching pedagogy.

Purpose: The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a curriculum model for adult literacy. Methodology: In terms of purpose, this research is fundamental-applied, and regarding data type, it is qualitative. The population in the study included experts from the organization (literacy movement managers, deputy ministers of curriculum education) and academia (university faculty members), as well as 30 relevant scientific documents and records. In this research, purposive sampling was used to determine the samples, considering 20 individuals based on the saturation principle as the sample size. Semi-structured interviews were utilized in the qualitative part of the current study. To ensure the validity of the tool in the qualitative section of the research and to ensure the accuracy of the findings from the researcher's perspective, opinions from professors familiar with this field and academic experts who were knowledgeable and skilled in this area were sought. In the current study, test-retest reliability and intra-subject consensus method were used to calculate the reliability of the interviews conducted. The data analysis method in the qualitative section was theoretical coding. Therefore, the analysis of data obtained from interviews and documents was carried out in three stages: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, and based on this, the concepts and categories of the research were classified. Findings: The results of the research showed that the objectives of the adult literacy curriculum include adaptability to the environment and strategic competencies. Also, the content of the adult literacy curriculum includes content selection and content organization. Teaching and learning methods in this research include the transmission method and the activity-based method. Finally, the results showed that the evaluation method of the adult literacy curriculum includes goal-based evaluation, method-based evaluation, and content-based evaluation. Conclusion: Each theme and its subthemes underscore the comprehensive approach required to design an effective adult literacy curriculum. The curriculum must be adaptive, strategically competent, well-organized in content, employ effective teaching and learning methods, and incorporate multifaceted evaluation strategies to meet adult learners' diverse needs and promote sustainable literacy education.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the teaching of technical and practical courses in the College of Art in Iraq. Methodology: This applied-developmental study employed a survey-cross-sectional design. The statistical population consisted of art teachers in technical and vocational programs in Iraq, with a sample size of 188 teachers selected through cluster-random sampling. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire validated for face and construct validity, and reliability was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha coefficients exceeding 0.7. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and Smart PLS software to examine the relationships between variables. Findings: The analysis revealed that strategic teaching planning significantly impacts educational, social, and individual outcomes. The contexts of technical and practical education and the teaching methods used in these courses significantly influence strategic teaching planning. Additionally, educational, human, and organizational factors were found to have a notable impact on the teaching of technical and practical courses. However, the traditional education system negatively affected strategic teaching planning. These findings align with previous research highlighting the importance of strategic planning, adaptive teaching methods, and the integration of modern technologies in improving educational outcomes. Conclusion: Strategic teaching planning is crucial for enhancing educational, social, and individual outcomes in technical and practical courses. Educational contexts, teaching methods, and various influencing factors must be considered to develop effective strategic plans. The traditional education system's rigidity poses challenges to effective teaching planning, suggesting a need for more flexible and innovative approaches. These insights provide valuable recommendations for educators and policymakers to improve the quality of technical and practical education in the arts.