Capital

The main purpose of this research is preparing a suitable management and intelligence sample based on an intellectual capital or comparative approach. The present research is  a correlation descriptive type which has been done by a survey method. In this research for gathering the required data ,  two self-constructed questionnaires have been used the intellectual capital and knowledge management have been used. In order to ascertain reliability  , the content analysis method  has been used (specialists opinion). The findings of the research showed that the model for ascertaining and rendering an ideal sample of knowledge management based on intellectual capital shall have a favorite value.

This study applied a critical needs analysis approach to investigate investment (language learning commitment) needs and challenges of EFL upper secondary school learners from different socioeconomic backgrounds and school settings (privileged, middle-privileged, and less-privileged schools). To this end, Darvin and Norton`s (2015) model of investment was used as our analytic framework. The study took advantage of a mixed-methods approach. A five-point Likert scale questionnaire with 53 items and one open-ended question was administered to 759 learners from different school settings in Mashhad. Also, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 24 learners for triangulation. The findings of the questionnaire and interviews revealed that speaking accurately, fluently, and professionally was the main priority for learners` investing in EFL learning. However, privileged, middle-privileged, and less-privileged upper secondary school learners perceived their needs differently regarding investment in English language learning. Although no statistically significant difference was observed between privileged, middle-privileged, and less-privileged school learners in terms of identity, they perceived their needs significantly different in terms of ideology and capital.The findings can bring high school learners` investment needs into focus and help the educational setting improve.

Le lien entre la littérature et la société est indissociable et la littérature est toujours un processus social. La pièce analysée dans cet article, Aye bi kolah aye ba kolah , écrite par Saëdi, étant un bel exemple de la société iranienne des années quarante, fournit une bonne occasion de mener une étude sociologique approfondie selon les opinions de Bourdieu. En effet, le quartier représenté souffre des inaptitudes foncières qui sont en relation avec la position des agents et leurs capitaux ainsi que les habitus. Cette société qui est composée des agents appartenant aux différentes couches sociales est vouée à la déchéance et cette fin tragique sera tracée par les habitants eux-mêmes. Notre but consiste à trouver une/des réponses aux questions suivantes : pourquoi malgré la présence des agents de différentes classes sociales, cette société ne trouve pas d’issue face au problème et elle sera vouée à l’échec ? Sous l’influence de quelles caractéristiques individuelles et collectives, le destin des agents sociaux se précipite dans la déchéance ? Pour répondre à ces questions, on se propose d'étudier la structure de la société et ses facteurs influents selon la méthode sociologique de Bourdieu. Pour ce faire, l’étude minutieuse des concepts fondamentaux de la sociologie bourdieusienne; habitus, champ et capital sera le fondement de notre méthodologie analytique. L’habitus de classe  permettant de comprendre la logique des actions individuelles et collectives, influence le mode de vie et détermine, de façon remarquable, l’acquisition aux différents capitaux. Ces derniers recouvrant différentes formes déterminent la position des agents dans la société. Ainsi, l’analyse des facteurs ci-dessus nous orientera à découvrir les causes de l’effondrement de la société présente dans la pièce. .

From the geopolitics point of view, the city is considered a geographic space that a variety range of actors competes with each other for achieving power and benefits, and in this proceeding, economy and capital are in the spotlight. It can be said function of capital in urban space is much-expanded that causing the formation of contesting, so capital is studied in urban geopolitics. For this reason, capital is the major issue of this study and authors have tried to show how capital affects the spaces of urban geography with a critical approach. Ontologically, this study is descriptive-analytical research and has used library methodology to achieve the goals. Results demonstrate which, from a critical geopolitics point of view urban space is an important focus for presenting the appearance of spatial political economy, which in its framework a collection of spatial proceedings and functions of capital, is recognizable and displayable.